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Féadfaidh tríú tíortha a bheith rannpháirteach mar Pháirtithe in JITanna i gcás ina bhfuil bunús dlí leis an rannpháirtíocht sin, amhail Airteagal 20 den Dara Prótacal Breise a ghabhann leis an gCoinbhinsiún Eorpach maidir le Cúnamh Frithpháirteach in Ábhair Choiriúla, a síníodh in Strasbourg an 8 Samhain 2001 agus Airteagal 5 den Chomhaontú maidir le cúnamh dlíthiúil frithpháirteach idir an tAontas Eorpach agus Stáit Aontaithe Mheiriceá.
Third countries can be involved in JITs as Parties where there is a legal basis for such involvement, such as Article 20 of the Second Additional Protocol to the European Convention on Mutual Assistance in Criminal Matters, signed in Strasbourg on 8 November 2001 and Article 5 of the Agreement on mutual legal assistance between the European Union and the United States of America.