Gaois

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28 results

  1. SCIENCE|natural and applied sciences|life sciences · SOCIAL QUESTIONS|health|medical science
    crómasóm Reference Faomhadh an téarma seo mar chuid de Thionscadal Lex
    ga
    Definition déanmhas beag ina mbíonn na haonaid oidhreachtúlachta in eagar agus ar a dtagann athrú cuma go rialta le linn céimeanna i saolré na gceall Reference Ó Curraoin, P.L., Féara agus Bánta Éireann, An Gúm, Baile Átha Cliath, 1991, lch. 98.
    Chromosom
    de
    Definition fadenfoermiger Bestandteil des Zellkerns, der im Laufe des Mitose-und Meiosezyklus eine charakteristische Folge von Formveraenderungen durchlaeuft Reference Reallex Med
    chromosome
    en
    Definition microscopic, threadlike part of the cell that carries hereditary information in the form of genes Reference Encyclopaedia Britannica Online http://www.search.eb.com/eb/article-9082456 [16.11.09]
    chromosome
    fr
    Definition élément du noyau cellulaire, essentiellement constitué d'ADN, et support matériel de l'hérédité par les gènes qui le composent Reference CILF
  2. SCIENCE|natural and applied sciences|life sciences
    banda crómasóim Reference Faomhadh an téarma seo mar chuid de Thionscadal Lex
    ga
    Chromosomenband
    de
    Definition zytochemisch darstellbares Querbandenmuster der Chromosomen Reference BTB
    chromosome band | chromosome banding
    en
    Definition one of the transverse bands produced on chromosomes by differential staining techniques Reference MedicineNet.com http://www.medterms.com/script/main/art.asp?articlekey=18598 [28.4.2011]
    Comment Depending on the particular staining technique, the bands are alternating light and dark or fluorescent and nonfluorescent. For more information, see: MedicineNet.com http://www.medterms.com/script/main/art.asp?articlekey=18598 [28.4.2011] See also chromosome banding [ IATE:1687903 ]
    bande chromosomique
    fr
    Definition elle correspond aux éléments caractéristiques des chromosomes Reference Pour la Science,juin 1992
  3. SCIENCE|natural and applied sciences|life sciences
    bandáil crómasóm Reference Faomhadh an téarma seo mar chuid de Thionscadal Lex
    ga
    Querbänderung der Chromosomen
    de
    chromosome banding | banding analysis | chromosomal banding
    en
    Definition staining technique which reveals chromosome bands in order to identify each chromosome and to diagnose chromosomal aberrations Reference COM-EN, based on: Chromosomal Banding http://www.bookrags.com/research/chromosomal-banding-gen-01/ [9.12.2010]
    Comment There are many techniques for chromosome banding. The most commonly used stain in cytogenetic analysis is Giemsa stain, referred to as G-banding.Ref.: Chromosomal Banding http://www.bookrags.com/research/chromosomal-banding-gen-01/ [9.12.2010]
    zébrage chromosomique
    fr
    Definition technique d'identification des chromosomes par coloration différentielle mettant en évidence sur chacun d'eux une alternance spécifique de bandes transversales claires et foncées Reference Dict.de génétique,CILF,1991
  4. SCIENCE|natural and applied sciences|life sciences
    bearna chrómasóim Reference Faomhadh an téarma seo mar chuid de Thionscadal Lex
    ga
    chrg Reference Faomhadh an téarma seo mar chuid de Thionscadal Lex
    ga
    isochromatid gap | isolocus gap | chromosome gap
    en
    Definition a non-staining region (achromatic lesion [ IATE:3524307 ]) at the same locus in both chromatids of a single chromosome in which there is minimal misalignment of the chromatids Reference Lisa G. Shaffer and Niels Tommerup. ISCN 2005: An International System for Human Cytogenetic Nomenclature (Cytogenetic & Genome Research) http://books.google.com/books?id=kycmqGobz9QC&pg=PA86&lpg=PA86&dq=chromosome+aberrations+%22chromatid+break%22+gap&source=bl&ots=yn5vlUwUiM&sig=-0BPVUYLaFFT_dqdI9VhFFkdbVo&hl=en&ei=NH1uTKi9I8KIOIvo6LAL&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=2&ved=0CB4Q6AEwAQ#v=onepage&q=chromosome%20aberrations%20%22chromatid%20break%22%20gap&f=false [20.8.2010]
    Comment Not to be confused with chromosome break IATE:3524309
    chrg
    mul
  5. SCIENCE|natural and applied sciences|life sciences
    briseadh crómasóim Reference Faomhadh an téarma seo mar chuid de Thionscadal Lex
    ga
    chromosome break | isochromatid break | isolocus break
    en
    Definition type of chromosome breakage1 in which there is a discontinuity at the same locus in both chromatids2 of the same chromosome, giving rise to an acentric fragment3 and an abnormal monocentric chromosome1 chromosome breakage [ IATE:3524261 ] 2 chromatid [ IATE:1507487 ] 3 acentric fragment [ IATE:1507541 ] Reference COM-Terminology Coordination, based on: Lisa G. Shaffer and Niels Tommerup. ISCN 2005: An International System for Human Cytogenetic Nomenclature (Cytogenetic & Genome Research) http://books.google.com/books?id=kycmqGobz9QC&pg=PA86&lpg=PA86&dq=chromosome+aberrations+%22chromatid+break%22+gap&source=bl&ots=yn5vlUwUiM&sig=-0BPVUYLaFFT_dqdI9VhFFkdbVo&hl=en&ei=NH1uTKi9I8KIOIvo6LAL&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=2&ved=0CB4Q6AEwAQ#v=onepage&q=chromosome%20aberrations%20%22chromatid%20break%22%20gap&f=false [21.10.2014]
    Comment This fragment is therefore a particular type of acentric fragment (ace) and chrb should be used only when the morphology indicates that the fragment is the result of a single event.See also:- centromere IATE:1620877<>
    chrb
    mul
  6. SOCIAL QUESTIONS|health|medical science
    claochlú crómasómach Reference Faomhadh an téarma seo mar chuid de Thionscadal Lex
    ga
    claochlú na gcrómasóm Reference Faomhadh an téarma seo mar chuid de Thionscadal Lex
    ga
    chromosomale Mutation | Chromosomenmutation
    de
    Definition Veränderung eines oder mehrerer Chromosomen, die vererblich ist Reference Medizinlexikon > Chromosomenmutation, http://flexikon.doccheck.com/de/Chromosomenmutation (10.3.2017)
    Comment Im Gegensatz zu Punktmutationen handelt es sich bei Chromosomenmutationen um größere strukturelle Veränderungen, bei denen sich die Abfolge der Gene auf den Chromosomen ändert
    chromosome mutation | mutations | chromosomal mutation
    en
    Definition structural (deletions, duplications, translocations, inversions, transpositions) or numerical changes in the chromosomes Reference COM-EN, based on:Oracle Think Quest. Chromosome Mutation http://library.thinkquest.org/27407/chrommut.htm [12.8.2010] & Universiry of Arkansas. Chromosome mutations http://comp.uark.edu/~mlehmann/rearrangements.pdf [25.8.2010]
    Comment This process occurs generally during the formation of a zygote where changes in the number of chromosomes may result in fission (two into one or one into two) or fusion (two into one) or due to mutagens [ IATE:1112594 & IATE:1354230 ] Mutations [ IATE:1254707 ] are inherited or acquired. They can occur in a somatic cell (somatic cell mutation [ IATE:1096672 ] as well as in a germ cell (one that will give rise to gametes, i.e., egg or sperm cells). The change can be small, concerning one gene (gene mutation [ IATE:1351106 ]), or larger concerning more genes (chromosome mutation). Small changes may also concern the noncoding region of the genetic material (genetic mutation [ IATE:3524395 ]).Reference: COM-Terminology Coordination
    mutation chromosomique
    fr
  7. SCIENCE|natural and applied sciences|life sciences
    comhdhlúthú crómasóm Reference Faomhadh an téarma seo mar chuid de Thionscadal Lex
    ga
    comhdhlúthú Reference Faomhadh an téarma seo mar chuid de Thionscadal Lex
    ga
    Kondensation
    de
    Definition die mit DNS-Beladung und Spiralisation verbundene Verkuerzung der Chromosomen von Beginn der Prophase bis zum Hoehepunkt der Metaphase Reference Reallex Med
    chromosome condensation
    en
    Definition reorganisation of the long thin chromatin [ IATE:1073328 ] strands into compact short chromosomes [ IATE:1507539 ] that occurs in mitosis [ IATE:1254620 ] and meiosis [ IATE:1254621 ] Reference nature.com > subjects > Chromosome condensation, http://www.nature.com/subjects/chromosome-condensation [1.6.2017]
    Comment Chromosome condensation is mediated by the condensin complex, among other proteins, and is necessary to prevent chromosomes from being entangled during chromosome segregation.
    condensation
    fr
  8. SCIENCE|natural and applied sciences|life sciences
    crómasóm aiceintreach Reference Faomhadh an téarma seo mar chuid de Thionscadal Lex
    ga
    azentrisches Fragment | azentrisches Chromosom
    de
    Definition zentromerenloses Chromosomenfragment Reference Reallex Med
    acentric chromosome | acentric chromosome fragment
    en
    Definition fragment of a chromosome (one of the microscopically visible carriers of the genetic material DNA) that is lacking a centromere [ IATE:1620877 ] and so is lost when the cell divides Reference COM-EN, based on:MedicineNet.com Acentric chromosome http://www.medterms.com/script/main/art.asp?articlekey=2109 [13.4.2012]
    Comment Centromere is essential for the division and the retention of the chromosome in the cell.
    fragment acentromérique | chromosome acentromérique | fragment acentrique
    fr
    Definition fragment de chromosome dépourvu de centromère et résultant d'un accident chromosomique lors de la méiose (par ex. enjambement dans une boucle d'inversion),ou à la mitose (par ex. à la suite d'une irradiation) Reference Dict.de génétique,CILF,1991
  9. SOCIAL QUESTIONS|health|medical science
    crómasóm chun deiridh Reference Faomhadh an téarma seo mar chuid de Thionscadal Lex
    ga
    nachhängendes Chromosom | verzögert transportiertes Chromosom | verzögert bewegtes Chromosom | zurückgebliebenes Chromosom
    de
    Definition Chromosom, bei dem während der Zellteilung keines der Kinetochore von den Mikrotubuli erfasst wird und das bei der Wanderung zu den Polen so weit zurückbleibt, dass es bei der Ausbildung der neuen Kernmembran nicht mit eingeschlossen wird Reference Tanja Ruthsatz: „Molekularzytogenetische Untersuchungen in der Spermatogenese der Maus zur Erkennung von Aneuploidie-Induktion durch Chemikalien“ [Dissertation]. München: 2003, https://edoc.ub.uni-muenchen.de/1593/1/Ruthsatz_Tanja.pdf (24.10.2017)
    lagging chromosome
    en
    Definition chromosome that is left near the metaphase plate [ IATE:1501345 ] after anaphase [ IATE:1502711 ] onset, resulting in a meiotic irregularity Reference COM-EN, based on:Cimini, D., Howell, B., Maddox, P., Khodjakov, A., Degrassi, F. and Salmon, E.D. (2001). Merotelic Kinetochore Orientation Is a Major Mechanism of Aneuploidy in Mitotic Mammalian Tissue Cells. Journal of Cellular Biology 2001 April 30; 153(3): 517–528. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2190575/ [21.9.2010]
    chromosome traînard | chromosome retardataire
    fr
    Definition chromosome qui, par suite d'une anomalie de méiose, ne suit pas la progression des autres chromosomes lors de l'anaphase Reference Dict.de génétique,CILF,1991
  10. SCIENCE|natural and applied sciences|life sciences|biology
    crómasóm homalógach Reference Faomhadh an téarma seo mar chuid de Thionscadal Lex
    ga
    homalóg Reference Treoir Tarmligthe (AE) 2021/1047 lena leasaítear Treoir 2009/43/CE ó Pharlaimint na hEorpa agus ón gComhairle maidir le liosta na dtáirgí a bhaineann le cosaint a thabhairt cothrom le dáta i gcomhréir le Liosta Comhchoiteann Míleata nuashonraithe an Aontais Eorpaigh an 17 Feabhra 2020, CELEX:32021L1047/GA Faomhadh an téarma seo mar chuid de Thionscadal Lex
    ga
    homologe Chromosomen | homologes Chromosom
    de
    Definition nach Genbestand, meist auch nach Grosse und Form identische Chromosomen; nach Genbestand, meist auch nach Groesse und Form identische Chromosomen, die sich im Pachytaen der Meiose vollstaendig und gleichgerichtet paaren Reference EURATOM GLOSSAR; Reallex Med
    homolog | homologous chromosome | homologue
    en
    Definition one of the two pair of chromosomes of approximately same length, centromere position and staining pattern, with genes for the same characteristics at corresponding loci Reference COM-EN, based on: Wikipedia > Homologous chromosome (9.4.2021)
    Comment One homologous chromosome is inherited from the organism's mother; the other from the organism's father.
    chromosome homologue
    fr
    Definition 1) chromosome présentant une succession identique de gènes 2) chacun des deux chromosomes, morphologiquement et génétiquement identiques, d'une même paire dans une cellule diploïde Reference Dict.de génétique,CILF,1991
  11. SCIENCE|natural and applied sciences|life sciences|biology
    díghníomhú X-chrómasóim Reference Faomhadh an téarma seo mar chuid de Thionscadal Lex
    ga
    díghníomhú X Reference Faomhadh an téarma seo mar chuid de Thionscadal Lex
    ga
    Inaktivierung des X-Chromosoms
    de
    XCI | X-inactivation | X-chromosome inactivation | X inactivation
    en
    Definition process by which female mammals transcriptionally silence one of their two Xs in a complex and highly coordinated manner Reference Ahn, J. & Lee, J. (2008) 'X chromosome: X inactivation' (1.4.2021). Nature Education 1(1):24
    inactivation du x | inactivation du chromosome X
    fr
  12. SCIENCE|natural and applied sciences|life sciences
    macasamhlú crómasóim Reference Faomhadh an téarma seo mar chuid de Thionscadal Lex
    ga
    Duplikation | Chromosomenduplikation
    de
    Definition Verdoppelung eines Chromosomenabschnittes infolge von irregulaerem Crossing-over zwischen zwei Chromatiden nichthomologer Chromosomen an nichthomologen Stellen, von Non-disjunction von Schwesterchromatiden oder infolge von Translokation zwischen homologen Chromosomen Reference Reallex Med
    chromosomal duplication | chromosome duplication | gene amplification | duplicating chromosomes | gene duplication
    en
    Definition particular kind of mutation involving the production of one or more copies of any piece of DNA, including sometimes a gene or even an entire chromosome Reference MedicineNet.com http://www.medterms.com/script/main/art.asp?articlekey=13569 [2.12.2010]
    Comment Not to be confused with chromosomal duplication [ IATE:1684830 ] occurring during the S-phase [ IATE:3524302 ] of the cell cycle [ IATE:1544625 ]
    duplication
    fr
  13. SCIENCE|natural and applied sciences|life sciences
    macasamhlú crómasóim Reference Faomhadh an téarma seo mar chuid de Thionscadal Lex
    ga
    Chromosomenduplikation
    de
    Definition Verdoppelung eines Chromosomenabschnittes nach irregulärem Crossing-over zwischen zwei homologen Chromosomen an einer nichthomologen Stelle Reference Roche Lexikon Medizin, Urban & Fischer: 2003, 5. Aufl., s. v. „Chromosomenduplikation“, www.roche.de&content=/lexikon/suche.html" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">https://www.roche.de/lexikon/index.htm?loc=www.roche.de&content=/lexikon/suche.html> (24.10.2017)
    chromosome replication | chromosome duplication | chromosomal replication | duplicating chromosomes
    en
    Definition during the S-phase [ IATE:3524302 ] of the cell cycle [ IATE:1544625 ], the copying of each chromatid [ IATE:1507487 ] so that at the end each chromosome has two identical DNA double helix molecules, and therefore is composed of two sister chromatids [ IATE:1542430 ] joined at the centromere Reference COM-EN, based on: The Entangled Bank, Dr. Paul's Virtually Biology Show. Basic Chromosome Terminology http://staff.jccc.net/pdecell/celldivision/chromoterm.html [2.12.2010]
    Comment An extreme case of chromosomal replication occurs in endomitosis [ IATE:1515120 ]
    duplication des chromosomes | réplication des chromosomes
    fr
    Definition fabrication d'un chromosome à deux chromatides, à partir d'un chromosome simple à une chromatide, qui précède la division cellulaire et se déroule dans le noyau des cellules Reference COM-Fr d'après le site d'assistance scolaire > collège > base documentaire en sciences > la duplication des chromosomes, http://www.assistancescolaire.com/enseignant/college/ressources/base-documentaire-en-sciences/la-duplication-des-chromosomes-3sud0302 [13.10.2015]
  14. SCIENCE|natural and applied sciences|life sciences|biology
    péireáil crómasóm Reference Faomhadh an téarma seo mar chuid de Thionscadal Lex
    ga
    péireáil Reference Faomhadh an téarma seo mar chuid de Thionscadal Lex
    ga
    péireáil crómasóm méóiseach Reference Faomhadh an téarma seo mar chuid de Thionscadal Lex
    ga
    Chromosomenpaarung | Chromosomenkonjugation
    de
    Definition Paarung homologer Chromosomen in der meiotischen Prophase, beginnend im Zygotän Reference Roche-Lexikon Medizin,2.Auflage,1991,Urban&Schwarzenberg,München
    meiotic chromosome pairing | pairing | chromosome pairing
    en
    Definition juxtaposi­tion of a pair of homologous chromosomes during the first prophase of meiosis Reference PB Moens. 'Chromosome Pairing' (19.4.2021). In: Brenner's Encyclopedia of Genetics (Second Edition) 2001, Pages 573-575
    accolement des chromosomes
    fr
    Definition 1) pendant la prophase de la méiose, accolement des chromosomes homologues (d'origine maternelle et paternelle),qui conduit à la formation des gamètes 2) appariement des chromosomes Reference METRO
  15. SOCIAL QUESTIONS|health|medical science
    saobhadh crómasóim Reference Faomhadh an téarma seo mar chuid de Thionscadal Lex
    ga
    Context 'Tástálacha só-ghineachta in vitro, amhail: tástáil shaobhadh crómasóim in vitro i mamaigh.' Reference Rialachán (CE) uimh. 1272/2008 maidir le haicmiú, lipéadú agus pacáistiú substaintí agus meascán, agus lena leasaítear agus lena n-aisghairtear Treoir 67/548/CEE agus Treoir 1999/45/CE, agus lena leasaítear Rialachán (CE) Uimh. 1907/2006, CELEX:32008R1272/GA
    chromosomale Abweichung | Aberration | Chromosomenaberration | Chromosomendefekt | Chromosomenanomalie | Chromosomenschädigung | chromosomale Anomalie | Chromosomenmutation | Chromosomenschaden | Defectio chromosomalis | chromosomale Aberration
    de
    Definition Veränderung der Chromosomenstruktur (Chromosomen) durch Verlust, Austausch oder Verdoppelung von Segmenten, wobei beide Chromatiden eines Chromosoms gleichermaßen betroffen sind (Gegensatz zu Chromatidenaberrationen) Reference Lexikon der Biologie. Spektrum Akademischer Verlag: Heidelberg, 1999, s. v. „Chromosomenaberrationen“, http://www.spektrum.de/lexikon/biologie/chromosomenaberrationen/13959 (24.10.2017)
    chromosome aberration | aberration | chromosomal aberration | chromosomal damage
    en
    Definition any structural [ IATE:3521618 ] or numerical anomaly [ IATE:3524263 ] Reference Council Regulation (EC) No 440/2008 laying down test methods pursuant to Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 of the European Parliament and of the Council on the Registration, Evaluation, Authorisation and Restriction of Chemicals (REACH) CELEX:32008R0440/EN
    aberration chromosomique | lésion chromosomique | anomalie chromosomique | accident chromosomique
    fr
    Definition modification du patrimoine chromosomique survenue pendant la division de la cellule et consistant en une addition ou une soustraction d’un chromosome ou en un remaniement de la structure des chromosomes, dont le nombre reste normal Reference COM-FR, d’après le Dictionnaire illustré des termes de médecine 31ème édition > aberration chromosomique, M. Garnier & V. Delamare, 2012, Maloine, Paris, ISBN 978-2-224-03257-9 [9.1.2018]
    Comment Le matériel génétique peut alors être diminué (délétion [IATE:1254641 ]), augmenté (duplication [IATE:1684627 ]), modifié dans sa séquence (inversion [IATE:1254576 ]) ou échangé (translocation [IATE:1158663 ]).
    aberratio
    la