Gaois

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37 results

  1. INDUSTRY|chemistry|chemical compound · SCIENCE|natural and applied sciences|life sciences · SCIENCE|natural and applied sciences|life sciences|biology

    #544158

    IATE #1073359
    RNA Reference Faomhadh an téarma seo mar chuid de Thionscadal Lex
    ga
    aigéad ribeanúicléasach Reference Faomhadh an téarma seo mar chuid de Thionscadal Lex
    ga
    RNA | RNS | Ribonucleinsäure
    de
    RNA | ribonucleic acid
    en
    Definition single-stranded nucleic acid polymer of the four nucleotides adenine (A), cytosine (C), guanine (G), and uracil (U) joined through a backbone of alternating phosphate and ribose sugar residues Reference COM-Terminology Coordination, based on:'Ribonucleic acid (RNA)' (25.5.2020) Encyclopaedia Britannica.
    Comment 1) RNA is a single-stranded nucleic acid polymer of the four nucleotides A, C, G, and U joined through a backbone of alternating phosphate and ribose sugar residues. It is the first intermediate in converting the information from DNA into proteins essential for the working of a cell. Some RNAs also serve direct roles in cellular metabolism. RNA is made by copying the base sequence of a section of double-stranded DNA, called a gene, into a piece of single-stranded nucleic acid. This process, called transcription (see below RNA metabolism), is catalyzed by an enzyme called RNA polymerase.2) The RNA of RNA viruses has a dual function: it represents the genome of the viruses (formally analogous to DNA) and may, in part, serve itself as messenger.
    acide ribonucléique | ARN
    fr
    Definition L'acide ribonucléique (ARN) est un polymère similaire à l'ADN [ IATE:778511 ], aussi bien en terme structurel qu'en terme fonctionnel (matérialisation et traitement de l'information génétique). Il y a quatre différences par rapport à l'ADN : a) le sucre désoxyribose est remplacé par un ribose; b) la base thymine est remplacée par un uracile ; c) l'ARN est généralement simple brin, sauf chez quelques organismes tels les rétrovirus; et d) l'ARN est court Reference Wikipédia, l'encyclopédie libre, http://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acide_ribonucl%C3%A9ique [14.2.2007]
  2. SCIENCE|natural and applied sciences|life sciences|biology

    #598475

    IATE #3593101
    lorg RNA Reference Faomhadh an téarma seo mar chuid de Thionscadal Lex
    ga
    RNA footprint
    en
    Definition sequence-specific binding of proteins to RNA Reference NATALIA KOMISSAROVA AND MIKHAIL KASHLEV, 'Transcriptional arrest: Escherichia coli RNA polymerase translocates backward, leaving the 3' end of the RNA intact and extruded' (5.3.2021), Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, Vol. 94, pp. 1755–1760, March 1997
  3. SOCIAL QUESTIONS|health|health policy · SOCIAL QUESTIONS|health|health policy|organisation of health care|medical device

    #596799

    IATE #3589142
    meaisín-am maidir le heastóscadh RNA Reference Faomhadh an téarma seo mar chuid de Thionscadal Lex
    ga
    RNA-Extraktionsmaschinenzeit
    de
    RNA extraction machine time
    en
    Definition time needed by a machine to extract RNA Reference COM-Terminology Coordination, based on: European Commission. DG ECHO. Correspondence dated 18.3.2020
    appareil d’extraction de l’ARN en temps réel | temps machine d'extraction d'ARN
    fr
    Definition temps nécessaire à un appareil d'extraction d'ARN pour isoler et purifier l'ARN d'un échantillon biologique Reference COM-FR, d'après:- associée de recherche chez KBI Biopharma avec un Master en chimie biologique;- Correspondance avec la DG ECHO (18/03/2020).
    Comment ARN = acide ribonucléique. Chez certains virus, l’ARN est le matériel héréditaire.
  4. SCIENCE|natural and applied sciences|life sciences|biology

    #528689

    IATE #384244
    micrea-RNA Reference Faomhadh an téarma seo mar chuid de Thionscadal Lex
    ga
    miRNAs | microRNAs | miRNA | microRNA
    en
    Definition naturally occurring, small non-coding RNA molecules, about 21–25 nucleotides in length, partially complementary to one or more messenger RNA (mRNA) molecules whose main function is to downregulate gene expression in a variety of manners, including translational repression, mRNA cleavage, and deadenylation Reference Merck > Life Science > Advanced Genomics – CRISPR Technology & RNAi > miRNA > Learning Center > 'miRNA (microRNA) Introduction' (6.4.2021)
    micro-ARN | micro ARN
    fr
    Definition 1) petit ARN qui inhibe généralement la traduction d'ARN messagers cibles et régule diverses activités cellulaires 2) petit ARN non codant de 21 à 25 nucléotides issus des régions non codantes du génome ou des introns des gènes Reference ---
  5. SCIENCE|natural and applied sciences|life sciences|biology

    #548023

    IATE #1147441
    modhnú RNA Reference Faomhadh an téarma seo mar chuid de Thionscadal Lex
    ga
    RNA editing
    en
    Definition process by which ribonucleic acid (RNA) molecules are enzymatically modified post synthesis on specific nucleosides Reference 'RNA editing' (1.3.2021). Nature Research
  6. SCIENCE|natural and applied sciences|physical sciences

    #544243

    IATE #1073588
    polaiméaráis ADN RNA-spleách Reference Faomhadh an téarma seo mar chuid de Thionscadal Lex
    ga
    RNA-dependent DNA polymerase
    en
    Definition enzyme that can synthesise a single complementary strand of DNA (cDNA)1 from an mRNA2 sequence1 cDNA [ IATE:1073342 ]2 mRNA [ IATE:1073360 ] Reference COM-Terminology Coordination, based on:R. A. Bowen. Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, http://www.vivo.colostate.edu/hbooks/genetics/biotech/index.html > Restriction Endonucleases and DNA Modifying Enzymes > Reverse Transcriptases, http://www.vivo.colostate.edu/hbooks/genetics/biotech/enzymes/rt.html [3.11.2014]
    ADN-polymérase ARN dépendante
    fr
    Definition L'ARN messager correspondant à un gène de structure précise peut être recopié in vitro en donnant une molécule d'ADN continue et homogène grâce à une enzyme, la transcriptase reverse. Ce " gène synthétique" peut être introduit dans un plasmide, puis dans une cellule bactérienne Reference Biotecnología Tendencias,p.94
  7. SCIENCE|natural and applied sciences|life sciences|biology

    #544146

    IATE #1073324
    polaiméaráis RNA DNA-spléach Reference Faofa ag an gCoiste Téarmaíochta, www.tearma.ie Faomhadh an téarma seo mar chuid de Thionscadal Lex
    ga
    polaiméaráis RNA Reference Faofa ag an gCoiste Téarmaíochta, www.tearma.ie Faomhadh an téarma seo mar chuid de Thionscadal Lex
    ga
    RNA-Polymerase | RNS-Polymerase | DNS-abhängige RNS-Polymerase
    de
    Definition Ein Enzym, das an einer DNS-Matrize aus Ribonucleosidtriphosphatasen RNS synthetisiert, die der Matrize komplementär ist. Reference Lex.Biochemie
    DNA-dependent RNA polymerase | RNApol | RNAP | RNA polymerase | RNA transcriptase | RNAPs
    en
    Definition RNA enzyme that is responsible for copying a DNA sequence into an RNA sequence during the process of transcription Reference COM-Terminology Coordination, based on:Griffiths AJF, Miller JH, Suzuki DT, et al. An Introduction to Genetic Analysis. 7th edition. New York: W. H. Freeman; 2000. 'Transcription and RNA polymerase'(28.5.2020).
    ARN-polymérase ADN dépendante | ARN polymérase
    fr
    Definition Enzyme qui se fixe sur le promoteur d'un gène et transcrit l'ADN en remplaçant simplement chaque thymidine (T) par une uridine (U).L'ARN messager qui en résulte se compose de séquences situées en avant des séquences codantes du gène, du gène lui-même et des séquences situées juste après Reference Biofutur 1/85,p.14
  8. PRODUCTION, TECHNOLOGY AND RESEARCH|technology and technical regulations|biotechnology

    #598217

    IATE #3592523
    RNA aontreorach Reference Faomhadh an téarma seo mar chuid de Thionscadal Lex
    ga
    single guide RNA
    en
    Definition single RNA molecule that contains both the custom-designed short crRNA sequence fused to the scaffold tracrRNA sequence Reference Synthego. 'Chapter 03 The Complete Guide to Understanding CRISPR sgRNA' (26.1.2021). In: How To Use CRISPR: Your Guide to Successful Genome Engineering
    Comment sgRNA can be synthetically generated or made in vitro or in vivo from a DNA template
    sgRNA
    mul
  9. SCIENCE|natural and applied sciences|life sciences|biology

    #543333

    IATE #1032095
    snRNA Reference Faomhadh an téarma seo mar chuid de Thionscadal Lex
    ga
    RNA beag núicléach Reference Faomhadh an téarma seo mar chuid de Thionscadal Lex
    ga
    snRNA | small nuclear RNA | sn RNA | small nuclear RNAs | snRNAs
    en
    Definition class of small RNA molecules that are found within the splicing speckles and Cajal bodies of the cell nucleus in eukaryotic cells Reference Wikipedia > Small nuclear RNA (19.4.2021)
    Comment 1) Splicing speckles are subnuclear structures that are enriched in pre-messenger RNA splicing factors and are located in the interchromatin regions of the nucleoplasm of mammalian cells2) Cajal bodies (CBs) also coiled bodies, are spherical nuclear bodies of 0.3–1.0 µm in diameter found in the nucleus of proliferative cells like embryonic cells and tumor cells, or metabolically active cells like neurons.
  10. PRODUCTION, TECHNOLOGY AND RESEARCH|technology and technical regulations|biotechnology

    #598219

    IATE #3592526
    RNA CRISPR trasmhúsclóra Reference Faomhadh an téarma seo mar chuid de Thionscadal Lex
    ga
    trans-activating crispr RNA
    en
    Definition small trans-encoded RNA made of a longer stretch of bases than crRNA and which are constant and provide the “stem loop” structure bound by the CRISPR nuclease Reference COM-Terminology Coordination, based on: - Wikipedia > Trans-activating crRNA (26.1.2021)- Mushtak T. S. Al-Ouqaili. 'What is the difference between tracrRNA and crRNA?' (26.1.2021)
    tracrRNA
    mul
  11. SCIENCE|natural and applied sciences|life sciences · SOCIAL QUESTIONS|health|medical science

    #544162

    IATE #1073363
    RNA frithbhríoch Reference Rialachán Tarmligthe (AE) 2021/805 lena leasaítear Iarscríbhinn II a ghabhann le Rialachán (AE) 2019/6 ó Pharlaimint na hEorpa agus ón gComhairle, CELEX:32021R0805/GA
    ga
    Definition RNA aon ribe amháin atá comhlántach le teachtaire RNA códaithe próitéine lena ndéanann sé hibridiú, agus ar an gcaoi sin cuireann sé bac ar a aistriú ina phróitéin Reference Rialachán Tarmligthe (AE) 2021/805 lena leasaítear Iarscríbhinn II a ghabhann le Rialachán (AE) 2019/6 ó Pharlaimint na hEorpa agus ón gComhairle, CELEX:32021R0805/GA
    antisense transcript | cis-encoded sRNA | antisense RNA | asRNA
    en
    Definition single stranded RNA that is complementary to a protein coding mRNA with which it hybridises and thereby blocks its translation into protein Reference Wikipedia > Antisense RNA (3.2.2021)
    ARN antisens | ARN anti-messager | ARN anti-virus
    fr
    Definition ARN formant avec l'ARN messager un double brin et bloquant ainsi la synthèse des protéines. ; ARN complémentaire d'une portion d'un autre ARN et inhibant sa fonction Reference La Recherche 1/87,p.104 ; arrêté du 14/09/90 relatif à la terminologie du génie génétique,JORF 26/09/90
  12. SCIENCE|natural and applied sciences|life sciences|biology · SCIENCE|natural and applied sciences|life sciences|biology|genetics

    #569381

    IATE #2205426
    RNA neamhchódúcháin Reference Faomhadh an téarma seo mar chuid de Thionscadal Lex
    ga
    non-coding RNA | ncRNA
    en
    Definition any RNA molecule that is not translated into a protein Reference Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia, Non-coding RNA, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Non-coding_RNA [27.3.2007]
    Comment The DNA sequence from which a non-coding RNA is transcribed as the end product is often called an RNA gene or non-coding RNA gene
    ARN non-codant
    fr
  13. SCIENCE|natural and applied sciences|life sciences|biology

    #558405

    IATE #1474017
    aigéad ribeanúicléasach núicléach ilchineálach Reference Faomhadh an téarma seo mar chuid de Thionscadal Lex
    ga
    RNA núicléach ilchineálach Reference Faomhadh an téarma seo mar chuid de Thionscadal Lex
    ga
    heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleic acid | heterogenous nuclear RNA | hnRNA | heterogeneous nuclear RNA | heterogenous nuclear ribonucleic acid
    en
    Definition nuclear nonribosomal RNA larger than about 1000 nucleotides, the mass of which is rapidly synthesised and degraded within the cell nucleus Reference 'RNA, Heterogeneous Nuclear' (1.3.2021). Harvard College
    ARN nucléaire hétérogène | ARN nucléaire de grande taille
    fr
    Definition ARN nucléaire résultant d'une transcription par la polymérase II Reference arrêté du 14/09/90 relatif à la terminologie du génie génétique,JORF 26/09/90
  14. SCIENCE|natural and applied sciences|life sciences|biology

    #598006

    IATE #3591872
    réamh-rRNA Reference Faomhadh an téarma seo mar chuid de Thionscadal Lex
    ga
    RNA réamhribeasómach Reference Faomhadh an téarma seo mar chuid de Thionscadal Lex
    ga
    pre-ribosomal RNA | pre-rRNA
    en
    Definition large precursor ribosomal RNA that is synthesised in the nucleolus of eukaryotic cells and processed to yield three of the four RNAs present in ribosomes Reference Lodish H, Berk A, Zipursky SL, et al. Molecular Cell Biology. 4th edition. New York: W. H. Freeman; 2000. 'Glossary' (17.11.2020).
  15. SCIENCE|natural and applied sciences|life sciences|biology

    #598007

    IATE #3591874
    réamh-tRNA Reference Faomhadh an téarma seo mar chuid de Thionscadal Lex
    ga
    RNA réamh-thraschuir Reference Faomhadh an téarma seo mar chuid de Thionscadal Lex
    ga
    pre-tRNA | pre-transfer RNA
    en
    Definition tRNA precursor which is transcribed and processed in the nucleus and then released into the cytoplasm as mature tRNA which can be used in translation Reference COM-Terminology Coordination, based on: Boundless. '7.6A: Processing of tRNAs and rRNAs' (18.11.2020). Biology LibreTexts
  16. SCIENCE|natural and applied sciences|life sciences|biology

    #544161

    IATE #1073362
    RNA ribeasómach Reference Faomhadh an téarma seo mar chuid de Thionscadal Lex
    ga
    rRNA Reference Faomhadh an téarma seo mar chuid de Thionscadal Lex
    ga
    ribosomale RNA | ribosomale Ribonucleinsäure | rRNS | r-RNS | r-RNA
    de
    ribosomal-RNA | ribosomal RNA | rRNA
    en
    Definition RNA that makes up a significant fraction of the mass of ribosomes Reference Kevin Beck. 'Translation (Biology): Definition, Steps, Diagram' (27.5.2020). Sciencing
    ARN ribosomique | ARNr | ARN ribosomal
    fr
    Definition 1) L'ARN ribosomique représente près de 65% du poids des ribosomes.Sa fonction exacte n'est pas encore connue. 2) Molécule d' ARN constitutive des ribosomes. Elle intervient dans le bon positionnement de l' ARN messager pour sa traduction en protéine. Reference Lehninger,p.316
  18. SCIENCE|natural and applied sciences|life sciences|biology

    #598425

    IATE #3593000
    scoilteadh RNA Reference Faomhadh an téarma seo mar chuid de Thionscadal Lex
    ga
    RNA cleavage
    en
    Definition cleavage of double stranded RNA, generating two RNA halves, or cleavage of a single-stranded RNA Reference COM-Terminology Coordination, based on: Thomason MK, Storz G, 'Bacterial antisense RNAs: how many are there, and what are they doing?' (26.2.2021), Annual Review of Genetics, 2010; 44:167-188, doi:10.1146/annurev-genet-102209-163523
    Comment RNase III is an endoribonuclease that cleaves double stranded RNARNase E is endoribonuclease that cleaves single stranded RNA
  19. PRODUCTION, TECHNOLOGY AND RESEARCH|technology and technical regulations|biotechnology · SCIENCE|natural and applied sciences|life sciences|biology

    #596712

    IATE #3588945
    seicheamhú RNA Reference Faomhadh an téarma seo mar chuid de Thionscadal Lex
    ga
    RNA-Sequenzierung
    de
    RNA sequencing | RNA-seq
    en
    Definition particular technology-based sequencing technique (i.e. determining the nucleic acid sequence) which uses next-generation sequencing (NGS) (i.e. a DNA sequencing technology which has revolutionised genomic research) to reveal the presence and quantity of RNA in a biological sample at a given moment, analysing the continuously changing cellular transcriptome (i.e. the set of all RNA molecules in one cell or a population of cells) Reference COM-Terminology Coordination, based on:1) Wikipedia. 'RNA-Seq' (5.3.2020)2) Wikipedia. 'Transcriptome' (5.3.2020)3) Behjati S, Tarpey PS. 'What is next generation sequencing?' (5.3.2020) Arch Dis Child Educ Pract Ed. 2013 Dec;98(6):236-8.
    RNA-seq | séquençage des ARN
    fr
    Definition technologie basée sur le séquençage de l’ADNc et non une technique d’hybridation de l’ADNc comme la technologie des puces à ADN Reference Melina Gallopin. Classification et inférence de réseaux pour les données RNA-seq. Statistiques [math.ST]. Université Paris-Saclay, 2015. Français. ffNNT : 2015SACLS174 (20.7.2021)
    Comment Cette technique peut être utilisée pour séquencer directement l’ADN d’un individu (DNA-seq) afin de créer un génome de référence ou pour détecter des altérations de la séquence d’ADN. Le RNA-seq est une technique de séquençage de seconde génération.
  20. SCIENCE|natural and applied sciences|life sciences · SCIENCE|natural and applied sciences|life sciences|biology

    #547212

    IATE #1128244
    spladhsáil RNA Reference Faomhadh an téarma seo mar chuid de Thionscadal Lex
    ga
    RNA splicing
    en
    Definition removal or "splicing out" of certain sequences referred to as intervening sequences, or introns, from the initial RNA (pre-mRNA) that is transcribed from a gene's DNA template so that it becomes a mature messenger RNA (mRNA) which can direct the synthesis of protein Reference COM-Terminology Coordination, based on: Clancy, S. (2008) 'RNA splicing: introns, exons and spliceosome' (25.5.2020). Nature Education 1(1):31
    épissage de l'ARN | épissage
    fr
    Definition mécanisme d'après lequel les blocs codants forment un message continu Reference Pour la Science,novembre 1993