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41 toradh

  1. SCIENCE|natural and applied sciences|life sciences|biology

    #551998

    IATE #1254664
    géin Tagairt Faomhadh an téarma seo mar chuid de Thionscadal Lex
    ga
    Gen
    de
    gene
    en
    Sainmhíniú unit of heredity composed of DNA1 occupying a fixed position on a chromosome2 (some viral genes are composed of RNA3)1 DNA [ IATE:1073333 ]2 chromosome [ IATE:1507539 ]3 RNA [ IATE:1073359 ] Tagairt Collins English Dictionary http://www.collinsdictionary.com/dictionary/english/gene?showCookiePolicy=true [13.11.2012]
    Nóta A gene may determine a characteristic of an individual by specifying a polypeptide chain that forms a protein or part of a protein (structural gene); or encode an RNA molecule; or regulate the operation of other genes or repress such operation
    gène
    fr
    Sainmhíniú unité élémentaire localisée en un point défini d'un chromosome, susceptible de se reproduire, de subir des mutations et de transmettre un message héréditaire Tagairt CILF
  2. SCIENCE|natural and applied sciences|life sciences|biology

    #558422

    IATE #1474175
    aistriú géine Tagairt Faomhadh an téarma seo mar chuid de Thionscadal Lex
    ga
    Gentransfer
    de
    Sainmhíniú Technik, durch welche nicht DNA, sondern Chromosome in die Zellen eingeschleust werden. Das eingeführte Fremdgen wird als Transgen bezeichnet. Tagairt Gene und Klone.Eine Einführung in die Gentechnologie.VCH
    gene transfer
    en
    Sainmhíniú natural or artificial acquisition of genetic material from another organism Tagairt COM-Terminology Coordination, based on: - López-García P. (2011) 'Lateral Gene Transfer' (4.11.2020). In: Gargaud M. et al. (eds) Encyclopedia of Astrobiology. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg- Federation of American Scientists > Agricultural Biotechnology: Safety, Security, and Ethical Dimensions > Methods of Gene Transfer in Plants (21.10.2020)
    Nóta Deliberate gene transfer is called transgenesis.Natural gene transfer is horizontal (acquisition of genetic material from another organism without being its offspring, although it frequently refers to transfer from organisms belonging to another species) or vertical (acquisition of genetic material from an ancestor).
    transfert de gènes
    fr
    Sainmhíniú introduction d'ADN étranger dans une cellule Tagairt arrêté du 14/09/90 relatif à la terminologie du génie génétique,JORF 26/09/90
  3. PRODUCTION, TECHNOLOGY AND RESEARCH|technology and technical regulations|biotechnology · SCIENCE|natural and applied sciences|life sciences|biology

    #566866

    IATE #1878573
    asleagan Tagairt Faomhadh an téarma seo mar chuid de Thionscadal Lex
    ga
    asleagan géine Tagairt Faomhadh an téarma seo mar chuid de Thionscadal Lex
    ga
    gene knockout | knockout | gene knock-out | gene knock out
    en
    Sainmhíniú complete erasing of target genes, or inactivating them through nonsense mutations Tagairt Lakna. 'What is the Difference Between Gene Knockout and Knockdown' (26.1.2021). Pediaa
    knock-out
    fr
  4. PRODUCTION, TECHNOLOGY AND RESEARCH|technology and technical regulations|biotechnology · SCIENCE|natural and applied sciences|life sciences|biology

    #544230

    IATE #1073551
    banc géinte Tagairt Faomhadh an téarma seo mar chuid de Thionscadal Lex
    ga
    Comhthéacs 'Ba é an Dr. Miguel Gorriz a chríochnaigh an banc géinte ar 208 crann fuinseoige a bhí fulangach do chríonadh siar na fuinseoige, agus seoladh 1,000 géinitíopa fuinseoige Éireannach thar lear dá scagthástáil faoi dhálaí diana brú galair. ' Tagairt 'Tuarascáil Bhliantúil 2019 agus na Ráitis Airgeadais,' Teagasc, https://www.teagasc.ie/media/website/publications/2020/Teagasc-Annual-Report-2019_Irish.pdf, [13.4.2022]
    Gen-Biobliothek
    de
    gene bank | gene library
    en
    Sainmhíniú large collection of DNA fragments cloned from a given organism, tissue, organ, or cell type Tagairt 'gene library' (7.4.2021). MeSH
    Nóta It may contain complete genomic sequences or complementary DNA sequences, the latter being formed from messenger RNA and lacking intron sequences.
    banque de gènes | génothèque | bibliothèque de gènes
    fr
    Sainmhíniú Ensemble de bactériophages hybrides contenant la totalité de l'information génétique du génome cellulaire.Ce peuvent être des banques d'ADNc ; en génétique classique, banque de génotypes conservés le plus souvent sous forme de gamètes ou d'embryons Tagairt BEP 83,p.118 ; arrêté du 14/09/90 relatif à la terminologie du génie génétique,JORF 26/09/90
  5. SCIENCE|natural and applied sciences|life sciences

    #582167

    IATE #3543247
    córas léirithe géine Tagairt Faomhadh an téarma seo mar chuid de Thionscadal Lex
    ga
    gene expression system | expression system
    en
    Sainmhíniú system consisting of a gene, normally encoded by DNA, and the molecular machinery required to transcribe the DNA into mRNA and translate the mRNA into protein using the reagents provided, specifically designed for the production of a gene product of choice - normally a protein although may also be RNA, such as tRNA or a ribozyme Tagairt Gene Expression System, http://www.news-medical.net/health/Gene-Expression-System.aspx [11.5.2012]
    Nóta In the broadest sense this includes every living cell but the term is more normally used to refer to expression as a laboratory tool.An expression system is therefore often artificial in some manner. Expression systems are, however, a fundamentally natural process. Viruses are an excellent example where they replicate by using the host cell as an expression system for the viral proteins and genome.
    système d'expression génétique | système d'expression | système d'expression génique
    fr
    Sainmhíniú système basé sur un processus naturel, permettant de faire produire par une bactérie, un virus, une plante, une lignée cellulaire, un animal, une levure, etc., génétiquement modifié(e) à cet effet, une grande quantité d'une protéine d'intérêt qui ne lui appartient pas nécessairement (par ex. insuline) Tagairt Conseil-FR
  7. SCIENCE|natural and applied sciences|life sciences|biology · SOCIAL QUESTIONS|health|medical science|immunology

    #547203

    IATE #1128142
    géin cheangail Tagairt Faomhadh an téarma seo mar chuid de Thionscadal Lex
    ga
    deighleog ghéin J Tagairt Faomhadh an téarma seo mar chuid de Thionscadal Lex
    ga
    J-gene | joining segment | J gene segment
    en
    Sainmhíniú one of a number of genetic regions located upstream of the C-gene on the eukaryotic genome, that can join to a V-gene segment in the formation of an immunoglobulin light chain gene and that can join to a D gene segment, which is subsequently joined to a V gene segment, to form an immunoglobulin heavy chain gene Tagairt 'J-gene' (1.10.2020). Collins Dictionary of Biology, 3rd ed. © W. G. Hale, V. A. Saunders, J. P. Margham 2005
    gène J | gène de jonction
    fr
    Sainmhíniú gène codant la région de jointure Tagairt Pour la Science,novembre 1993
  8. SCIENCE|natural and applied sciences|life sciences

    #547884

    IATE #1141407
    géin chúlaitheach Tagairt Faomhadh an téarma seo mar chuid de Thionscadal Lex
    ga
    rezessives Gen
    de
    recessive gene
    en
    Sainmhíniú gene that produces its characteristic phenotype1 only when its allele2 is identical1 phenotype [ IATE:1254722 ]2 allele [ IATE:1254616 ] Tagairt "recessive gene". Based on WordNet 3.0, Farlex clipart collection. © 2003-2012 Princeton University, Farlex Inc., http://www.thefreedictionary.com/recessive+gene [3.11.2014]
    gène récessif
    fr
    Sainmhíniú gène allèle dont l'effet sur un caractère héréditaire est masqué par l'autre allèle s'il est dominant;Gène dont l'action se manifeste uniquement lorsqu'il est présent sur les 2 chromosomes de la paire Tagairt Lalanne Marcel,Gloss.de biochimie,Département de biochimie,Faculté de médecine,Université Laval,Québec,1998 ;
  11. PRODUCTION, TECHNOLOGY AND RESEARCH|technology and technical regulations|biotechnology · SCIENCE|natural and applied sciences|life sciences|biology · SOCIAL QUESTIONS|health|pharmaceutical industry

    #544233

    IATE #1073559
    géin frithsheasmheastachta frithmhiocróbaí Tagairt Faomhadh an téarma seo mar chuid de Thionscadal Lex
    ga
    Resistenzgen
    de
    Sainmhíniú Gen, dessen Expression einer Zelle die Resistenz gegen Antibiotica oder andere Substanzen, wie z.B.Toxine oder Schwermetalle verleiht, deren Anwesenheit im Wachstumsmedium zum Zelltod führt, wenn das Resistenzgen fehlt. Tagairt Naturwissenschaften 11/85,p.583;Ibelgaufts H.,Gentechnologie von A bis Z,VCH,Weinheim
    resistance gene | antimicrobial resistance gene
    en
    Sainmhíniú gene which confers resistance to an antimicrobial [ IATE:834434 ] on a micro-organism Tagairt COM-Terminology Coordination, based on:José L. Martínez, Teresa M. Coque & Fernando Baquero. What is a resistance gene? Ranking risk in resistomes. Nature Reviews Microbiology volume 13, pages 116–123 (2015), https://www.nature.com/articles/nrmicro3399 [18.5.2018]
    Nóta See also:- antimicrobial resistant pathogen [ IATE:1878510 ]
    gène de résistance
    fr
    Sainmhíniú Gène porteur du facteur de résistance à un antibiotique ou à une maladie.Il est souvent situé sur un plasmide. Tagairt COM(85)350;Biofutur F
  12. SOCIAL QUESTIONS|health|medical science

    #566852

    IATE #1878455
    géin frithsheasta in aghaidh antaibheathach Tagairt Faomhadh an téarma seo mar chuid de Thionscadal Lex
    ga
    Antibiotikaresistenz-Gen
    de
    antibiotic-resistance gene | antibiotic resistance gene | antibiotic resistance marker gene
    en
    Sainmhíniú gene encoding an enzyme that degrades a specific antibiotic to harmless byproducts, protecting its possessor from the lethal effects of the chemical Tagairt GE and Antibiotic Resistance, 2001, GEO-PIE Project, Cornell University
    Nóta For antibiotic restistance marker gene, see IATE:318352
    gène de résistance aux antibiotiques
    fr
  13. SCIENCE|natural and applied sciences|life sciences|biology

    #528001

    IATE #261661
    géin ghnéasnasctha Tagairt Faomhadh an téarma seo mar chuid de Thionscadal Lex
    ga
    sex-linked gene
    en
    Sainmhíniú phenomenon where a gene controlling a characteristic is located on a sex chromosome (X or Y) Tagairt COM-Terminology Coordination, based on: Cornell, B. 2016. 'Sex Linked Genes' (19.4.2021). BioNinja
    gène lié au sexe
    fr
    Sainmhíniú Gène localisé sur le chromosome X ou sur le chromosome Z (analogue de l'X chez les oiseaux et autres espèces où le sexe est déterminé par un mécanisme ZO ou ZW). Tagairt ---
  14. SCIENCE|natural and applied sciences|life sciences|biology

    #548027

    IATE #1147466
    géin hoiméabosca Tagairt Faomhadh an téarma seo mar chuid de Thionscadal Lex
    ga
    Homöobox-Gen | Homeobox-Gen
    de
    Sainmhíniú Gen der Drosophila, das für die Segmentierung des Embryos verantwortlich ist; entspricht dem Homeobox-Gen der Säugetiere Tagairt ---
    Nóta DIV: urw
    homeotic gene | homeobox gene
    en
    Sainmhíniú gene that encodes proteins that bind to specific sequences of DNA (called homeoboxes), regulate gene expression and control various aspects of morphogenesis and cell differentiation and thus influence the organism’s subsequent development Tagairt COM-Terminology Coordination, based on: - 'Tool Module: Homeotic Genes' (12.4.2021), The Brain from Top to Bottom- Mark, M., Rijli, F. & Chambon, P., 'Homeobox Genes in Embryogenesis and Pathogenesis' (12.4.2021), Pediatric Research 42, 421–429 (1997).
    Nóta Most animal homeotic genes encode transcription factor proteins that contain a region called the homeodomain and are called Hox genes.
  15. SCIENCE|natural and applied sciences|life sciences|biology

    #539009

    IATE #891470
    géin Hox Tagairt Faomhadh an téarma seo mar chuid de Thionscadal Lex
    ga
    Hox-Gen
    de
    Sainmhíniú Gen von Säugetieren, das für die Segmentierung des Embryos verantwortlich ist; entspricht dem Homeobox-Gen der Drosophila. Tagairt ---
    Nóta DIV: urw
    Hox complex | Hox gene cluster | Hox cluster | Hox gene
    en
    Sainmhíniú type of homeotic gene, occurring only in animals with bilateral symmetry, which specifies the development of organs of the embryo along the head-tail axis and ensures the formation of correct structures in the correct position in the body Tagairt COM-Terminology Coordination, based on: Lakna. 'Difference Between Homeobox Homeotic and Hox Genes' (12.4.2021). Pediaa
    gène Hox
    fr
  16. SCIENCE|natural and applied sciences|life sciences

    #592975

    IATE #3576690
    géin inaistrithe Tagairt Faomhadh an téarma seo mar chuid de Thionscadal Lex
    ga
    übertragbares Gen
    de
    transferable gene
    en
    Sainmhíniú gene which is encoded by a plasmid, is present in a bacterial strain and is transmissible to other bacterial species Tagairt COM-Terminology Coordination, based on:Jean-Claude Piffaretti. Antibiotic resistance: the emergence of plasmid-mediated colistin resistance enhances the need of a proactive one-health approach. FEMS Microbiology Letters, 2016, Vol. 363, No. 5, https://doi.org/10.1093/femsle/fnw034 [27.4.2018]
    Nóta See also: horizontal gene transfer [ IATE:1878549 ]
    gène transmissible
    fr
    Sainmhíniú gène situé sur un plasmide qui se transmet facilement d'une souche bactérienne à une autre Tagairt COM-FR, d'après:Article de Futura-sciences.com > Santé > Actualités > «La résistance aux antibiotiques se répand rapidement», Claire Peltier (13.4.2011), https://www.futura-sciences.com/sante/actualites/medecine-resistance-antibiotiques-repand-rapidement-29414/ [2.7.2018]
  17. AGRICULTURE, FORESTRY AND FISHERIES|means of agricultural production|means of agricultural production|plant health product

    #600138

    IATE #3626853
    géin inaistrithe fhrithsheasmhach in aghaidh ábhar frithmhiocróbach Tagairt Faomhadh an téarma seo mar chuid de Thionscadal Lex
    ga
    transferable antimicrobial resistance gene | transferrable antimicrobial resistance gene
    en
    Sainmhíniú antimicrobial resistance gene that can be transferred between different species Tagairt COM-Terminology Coordination, based on: Tóth, A.G., Csabai, I., Maróti, G. et al. 'A glimpse of antimicrobial resistance gene diversity in kefir and yoghurt' (3.2.2022). Sci Rep 10, 22458 (2020).
  18. SCIENCE|natural and applied sciences|life sciences

    #581162

    IATE #3541973
    géin inginiúil Tagairt Faomhadh an téarma seo mar chuid de Thionscadal Lex
    ga
    endogenes Gen
    de
    endogenous gene
    en
    Sainmhíniú gene from an organism's own genome Tagairt Gene chip etc. Dr. W. B. Langdon. University of Essex School of Computer Science and Electronic Engineering, www.essex.ac.uk/staff/W.Langdon/genechip/" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">http://cswww.essex.ac.uk/staff/W.Langdon/genechip/> [11.4.2012]
  19. SCIENCE|natural and applied sciences|life sciences · SCIENCE|natural and applied sciences|life sciences|biology · SCIENCE|natural and applied sciences|life sciences|biology|genetics

    #547204

    IATE #1128144
    géin léime Tagairt Faomhadh an téarma seo mar chuid de Thionscadal Lex
    ga
    eilimint inaistrithe Tagairt Faomhadh an téarma seo mar chuid de Thionscadal Lex
    ga
    springendes Gen | Transposon | transposables Element | "springendes" Gen
    de
    Sainmhíniú Transposons sind selten, kommen aber in allen Organismen vor. Sie können ihre Position im Genom ändern und an verschiedenen Stellen "hineinspringen“. Die Orte, an denen Transposons in das Genom integriert werden, sind in der Regel zufällig. Ein Großteil der natürlichen Mutationen wird durch Transposons verursacht. Tagairt < http://www.biosicherheit.de/lexikon > (27.04.2004)
    Nóta DIV: CBA 27/04/2004
    jumping gene | transposable element | transposon
    en
    Sainmhíniú DNA sequences that move from one location on the genome to another Tagairt Pray, L. (2008), 'Transposons: The jumping genes' (29.5.2020), Nature Education 1(1):204.
    Nóta Transposons are DNA fragments incorporated into the chromosomal DNA. Unlike episomes and prophages, transposons contain a gene producing an enzyme that catalyzes insertion of the transposon at a new site. They also have repeated sequences 20-40 nucleotides in length at each end. Insertion sequences are short (600-1500 base pairs long) simple transposons that do not carry genes beyond those essential for insertion of the transposon into E. coli. Complex transposons are much larger and carry additional genes. Genes incorporated in a complex transposon are known as jumping genes since they can move about on the chromosome (even from chromosome to chromosome). Often the complex transposons are flanked by simple transposons.
    élément transposable | élément génétique transposable | transposon | élément mobile | élément instable | gène mobile | gène sauteur
    fr
    Sainmhíniú segment d'ADN qui peut se déplacer d'un point à un autre du génome d'un organisme, ce qui provoque des mutations sans cause apparente ; Fragment d'ADN susceptible de se déplacer d'un endroit du génome dans un autre. Note : 1. Les transposons sont composés de deux courtes séquences répétées inverses encadrant les gènes codant pour leurs fonctions de mobilité. 2. Les transposons bactériens portent souvent des gènes codant pour des protéines qui confèrent une résistance à un agent toxique. Tagairt Biofutur,février 1986 ; < http://www.ens-lyon.fr/RELIE/PCR/glossary/t.htm > (19/05/2004)
    Nóta SYN/ANT: élément instable, n.m., élément mobile, n.m., élément transposable, n.m., gène sauteur, n.m., gène mobile, n.m.;CONTEXT: Génétique moléculaire - Génie génétique