Suíodh praghas margaidh UAN an Aontais (‘praghas UAN’) trí úsáid a bhaint as meánphraghas UAN 30 ex-tanc Rouen, arb é an praghas margaidh ionadaíoch is mó clú san Eoraip é, agus is í an Fhrainc an tír is mó a úsáideann UAN san Aontas Eorpach.
Union UAN market price (‘UAN price’) was established using the average price of UAN 30 ex-tank Rouen, which is the most widely recognised representative market price in Europe, and France is the largest UAN consuming country in the European Union.
Praghsanna allmhairiúcháin agus UAN 30 ex-tank Rouen atá foilsithe
Import and Rouen UAN 30 ex-tank published prices
Rouen (na Fraince) UAN 30 ex tanc
Rouen (France) UAN 30 ex-tank
Tá ualach airgeadais ar úsáideoirí mar gheall ar an méadú sin ar phraghas UAN, ós rud é nach féidir leasacháin nítrigine eile a chur in áit UAN go héasca.
This increase in UAN price is putting a financial burden on users since UAN cannot be easily replaced with other nitrogen fertilisers.
Is ábhar leachtach é UAN agus tá feirmeoirí a cheannaíonn UAN faoi réir éifeacht ghlasála mar gheall ar an trealamh is gá a úsáidtear chun an leacht sin a dháileadh.
UAN is liquid and farmers buying UAN are subject to a lock-in effect because of the necessary equipment used for distributing this liquid.
Thairis sin, méid UAN atá ag teastáil ó fheirmeoirí, tá sé neamhleaisteach.
Moreover, the quantity of UAN needed by farmers is also inelastic.
Le linn an timthrialla plandaí, tá solúbthacht áirithe ag feirmeoirí maidir leis an am a bhaineann le UAN a úsáid, ach ní féidir leo méid iomlán UAN a laghdú go mór gan an fómhar a chur i mbaol agus riosca a chruthú go laghdófar cáilíocht.
During the plant cycle, farmers have a certain flexibility about the time of using UAN, but they cannot reduce the overall UAN quantity too much without risking that harvest and quality decrease.
Is é an chúis atá leis sin forbairt praghsanna gáis nádúrtha agus praghsanna UAN.
The reason for this is the development of natural gas prices and UAN prices.
Mhéadaigh praghas UAN ar feadh tamaill agus bhain sé a bhuaic amach i mí an Mhárta 2022 (875 EUR/tona).
UAN price developed positively for a while and reached their peak in March 2022 (875 EUR/tonne).
Sna barúlacha uaidh maidir le nochtadh, luaigh Copa-Cogeca féin nach raibh praghsanna UAN i mí Mheán Fómhair 2022 in ann costas an gháis a theastaíonn chun UAN a tháirgeadh a chumhdach.
In their comments on disclosure Copa-Cogeca itself noted that the prices of UAN in September 2022 were unable to cover the cost of gas that is required to produce UAN.
Bhí an figiúr brabúsachta sin bunaithe ar láimhdeachas agus costais UAN tháirgeoirí an Aontais.
This profitability figure was based on the turnover and costs of UAN of the Union producers.
Líomhain Copa-Cogeca nach bhfuil gá le bearta cosanta ós rud é nach bhfuil tionscal an Aontais in ann aon UAN a tháirgeadh faoi láthair toisc go bhfuil an praghas gáis i bhfad níos airde ná praghas UAN agus dá bhrí sin tá laghdú suntasach tagtha ar aschur UAN san Aontas.
Copa-Cogeca alleged that protective measures are unnecessary given that the Union industry is not in the position to produce any UAN currently as the gas price is much higher than the UAN price and consequently the UAN output in the Union has dropped considerably.
Is é gás an príomh-amhábhar chun UAN a tháirgeadh.
Gas is the main raw material for the production of UAN.
Tháinig méadú mór ar phraghas UAN san Aontas sa dara leath de 2021.
UAN price in the Union increased sharply in the second half of 2021.
Ansin thosaigh praghas UAN ag titim agus shroich sé 595 EUR/tona i mí an Mheithimh 2022.
UAN price then started to fall to reach 595 EUR/tonne in June 2022.
Níl aon eolas ag an gCoimisiún a chuirfeadh le fios go dtiocfaidh méadú ar phraghsanna UAN sna míonna amach romhainn.
The Commission does not have any indication that UAN prices will increase in the coming months.
Níotráit amóiniam úiré (UAN)
Urea ammonium nitrate (UAN)
“UAAN” - UAN (úiré agus níotráit amóiniam)
‘UAAN’ - UAN (urea and ammonium nitrate)
Níotráit amóiniam úiré (UAN) 27-37 %
Urea ammonium nitrate (UAN) 27-37 %
Níotráit amóiniam úiré + S (UAN-26S) 22-32 % N+S
Urea ammonium nitrate + S (UAN-26S) 22-32 % N+S
Sna barúlacha uaidh maidir le nochtadh, luaigh Copa-Cogeca féin gur “a mhéid a bhaineann sé le tionscal an Aontais, tháinig laghdú mór ar a dhíolachán in 2022” agus “faoi dhálaí an mhargaidh atá ann faoi láthair, níl sé brabúsach gás nádúrtha a phróiseáil ina UAN. Mar sin, luíonn sé le loighic go ndearnadh saoráidí UAN uile san Aontas a chur as feidhm.”
In their comments on disclosure Copa-Cogeca itself notes that ‘[a]s far as the Union industry is concerned […] its sales should have dropped dramatically in 2022’ and that ‘[u]nder current market conditions, it is therefore not profitable to process natural gas into UAN. It is thus logical that almost all EU UAN facilities have been idled.’
Ó forchuireadh na bearta, staidreamh Eurostat a chumhdaíonn an tréimhse suas go dtí deireadh 2021, tugann sé le fios gur tháinig laghdú mór ar allmhairí UAN.
Since the imposition of the measures, Eurostat statistics covering up to the end of 2021 indicated that UAN imports sharply decreased.
Maidir leis na forbairtí a d’fhéadfadh a bheith ann amach anseo ó thaobh allmhairí de, thug an Coimisiún faoi deara gur cosúil gur dhírigh Stáit Aontaithe Mheiriceá a dhíolacháin UAN ar an margadh intíre ó bhí 2020 ann.
With respect to the possible future developments in imports, the Commission observed that the United States of America (‘US’) seems to have concentrated its UAN sales on the domestic market since 2020.
Mar sin, is cosúil go bhfuil méideanna suntasacha de UAN fós ag teacht isteach san Aontas ó Oileán na Tríonóide agus Tobága.
Thus, it appears that UAN from Trinidad and Tobago is indeed still entering the Union in significant quantities.
Maidir le hallmhairí ón Rúis, tugann fógraí agus smachtbhannaí údar dúinn a chreidiúint gur beag an seans go dtiocfaidh méadú ar allmhairí UAN ón Rúis.
As regards imports from Russia, announcements and sanctions gave us reasons to believe that any increase in Russian UAN imports was highly unlikely.
An 12 Márta 2022, d’fhógair an tAire um Beartas Talúntais na hÚcráine, Roman Leschenko, toirmeasc freisin ar onnmhairiú leasachán – UAN san áireamh.
On 12 March 2022, the Ukrainian Agrarian Policy Minister Roman Leschenko also announced a ban on exports of fertilisers – including UAN.
Ar bhonn an mhéid thuas, tháinig an Coimisiún ar an gconclúid go bhféadfaí le réasún a bheith ag súil leis go mbeidh Oileán na Tríonóide agus Tobága fós ina phríomhfhoinse allmhairí UAN don Aontas.
Based on the above, the Commission concluded that it could reasonably be expected that Trinidad and Tobago will remain the main source of imports of UAN in the Union.
Ba é meánphraghas UAN le linn na tréimhse imscrúdúcháin bunaidh 154 EUR/tona, agus shroich sé EUR 598/tona i mí na Nollag 2021.
The average UAN price that was 154 EUR/tonne during the original IP, reached 598 EUR/tonne in December 2021.
Tháinig méadú freisin ar phraghsanna allmhairiúcháin UAN freisin, ach ní raibh sé chomh mór leis an méadú ar phraghsanna thionscal an Aontais.
Imports prices of UAN showed an increase too, but to a smaller extent than the Union industry’s prices.
Le linn 2021, bhí praghsanna ó Oileán na Tríonóide agus Tobága agus ón Rúis níos ísle i gcónaí ná praghsanna margaidh UAN a foilsíodh.
During 2021, prices from Trinidad and Tobago and Russia have consistently been lower than the published UAN market prices.
Sa chéad dhá ráithe de 2022 b’amhlaidh an scéal cé is moite d’Oileán na Tríonóide agus Tobága, a raibh a phraghsanna beagáinín os cionn phraghsanna margaidh UAN foilsithe sa dara ráithe de 2022.
In the first two quarters of 2022, this is still the case except for Trinidad and Tobago that came just slightly above published UAN market prices in the second quarter 2022.
Mar a leagtar amach in aithris (25), d’aithin an Coimisiún nach bhféadfadh an soláthar an t-éileamh a shásamh agus gur tháinig méadú ar phraghsanna UAN.
As set out in recital (25), the Commission acknowledged that the supply could not meet the demand and prices of UAN had increased.
D’ainneoin an ardaithe ar phraghsanna UAN, bhí tionchar diúltach mór ag an méadú comhthreomhar ar phraghsanna gáis nádúrtha ar bhrabúsacht thionscal an Aontais.
Despite the spike in UAN prices, the parallel increase in natural gas prices had a major negative impact on the profitability of the Union industry.
Mar sin féin, thug an Coimisiún dá aire gur sholáthair Copa-Cogeca sonraí a léiríonn go bhfuil UAN á tháirgeadh fós san Aontas agus go bhfuil díobháil ábhartha á déanamh do thionscal an Aontais.
However, the Commission noted that Copa-Cogeca provided data showing that there is still production of UAN in the Union and that the Union industry is suffering material injury.
Tá athrú sealadach tagtha ar dhálaí an mhargaidh sa mhéid nach leor an soláthar UAN ar mhargadh an Aontais faoi láthair ar phraghsanna inacmhainne chun freastal ar an éileamh seasta.
Market conditions have temporarily changed in the sense that there is insufficient supply of UAN currently on the Union market at affordable prices to meet the steady demand.
Is é is cúis leis sin, den chuid is mó, go bhfuil laghdú suntasach tagtha ar allmhairí UAN agus ní féidir le táirgeoirí an Aontais na méideanna allmhairí a cailleadh a chúiteamh go hiomlán, mar gheall ar mhéadú mór ar chostas an táirgthe.
This is mainly because imports of UAN have decreased significantly and the Union producers cannot fully compensate for the lost import volumes, because of a large increase in the cost of production.
Go deimhin, is é an rud atá taobh thiar de phraghsanna arda UAN atá ann faoi láthair na praghsanna arda atá ar an ngás nádúrtha faoi láthair, praghsanna is airde ná riamh.
Indeed, the driver behind the high current UAN record prices are the current record high natural gas prices.
Ar an gcéad dul síos, mar gheall ar an tsolúbthacht a luaitear in aithris (24), chinn feirmeoirí a gceannach UAN a chur siar chuig an séasúr leasacháin (an t-earrach).
First, due to the flexibility noted in recital (24), farmers decided to postpone their purchase of UAN to the fertilising (spring) season.
Rinneadh na torthaí sin a thabhairt cothrom le dáta trí úsáid a bhaint as treochtaí i bpraghsanna gáis nádúrtha (an rud is mó ar fad a bhfuil tionchar aige ar chostas) agus i bpraghas UAN idir an chéad ráithe de 2021 agus an dara ráithe de 2022.
This update was done by using trends in natural gas prices (by far the biggest cost driver) and UAN price between the first quarter of 2021 and the second quarter of 2022.
An 8 Deireadh Fómhair 2019, le Rialachán Cur Chun Feidhme (AE) 2019/1688 (“an bun-Rialachán”), d’fhorchuir an Coimisiún dleachtanna frithdhumpála cinntitheacha ar allmhairí meascáin d’úire agus níotráit amóiniam (“UAN” nó an “táirge lena mbaineann”) de thionscnamh na Rúise, Oileán na Tríonóide agus Tobága agus Stáit Aontaithe Mheiriceá (na “tíortha lena mbaineann”).
On 8 October 2019, the Commission, by Implementing Regulation (EU) 2019/1688 (‘the original Regulation’), imposed definitive anti-dumping duties on imports of mixtures of urea and ammonium nitrate (‘UAN’ or ‘product concerned’) originating in Russia, Trinidad and Tobago and the United States of America (‘countries concerned’).
Thairis sin, príomh-scairshealbhóirí tháirgeoirí móra UAN na Rúise amhail an tUasal Melnichenko de chuid EuroChem, agus a Phríomhfheidhmeannach, Vladimir Rashevsky; an tUasal Mazepin de chuid Uralchem; agus an tUasal Moshe Kantor de chuid ACRON, tá siad ar liosta smachtbhannaí an Aontais.
Furthermore, the main shareholders of major Russian UAN producers such as EuroChem’s Mr Melnichenko, and its CEO, Vladimir Rashevsky; Uralchem’s Mr Mazepin; and ACRON’s Mr Moshe Kantor, are on the EU’s sanctions list.
Ós rud é, mar a luaitear in aithris (9), go raibh an t-éileamh ar UAN san Aontas fós réasúnta cobhsaí ó bhí an tréimhse imscrúdúcháin bhunaidh ann, níl an bhearna soláthair a cruthaíodh de bharr méid níos ísle allmhairí á líonadh go hiomlán leis an méadú ar dhíolacháin thionscal an Aontais, agus dá bharr sin meastar gurb é thart ar 371000 tona an éagothroime idir soláthar agus éileamh in 2021.
Given that, as mentioned in recital (9), the demand of UAN in the Union remained relatively stable since the original IP, the gap in supply created by the lower volume of imports is not being completely filled by the increase of Union industry’s sales, leading to an estimated imbalance between supply and demand of around 371000 tonnes in 2021.
Tar éis an nochta, mhaígh Interore agus Copa-Cogeca arís, mar gheall ar phraghsanna gáis arda san Aontas, nár mhéadaigh tionscal an Aontais a tháirgeacht chun dul in ionad na n-allmhairí agus, dá bhrí sin, go raibh na hallmhairí ó SAM agus ó Oileán na Tríonóide agus Tobága fós ag teastáil ó úsáideoirí UAN.
Following disclosure, Interore and Copa-Cogeca repeated their claim that because of the high gas prices in the Union, the Union industry did not increase its production to replace the imports and therefore the users of UAN needed the imports from the US and Trinidad and Tobago.
Chuir Fertilizers Europe sonraí ar fáil don chéad trí ráithe de 2021 maidir le costais UAN a díoladh, na praghsanna a bhí ann roimhe sin, chomh maith le figiúirí brabúsachta do tháirgeoirí an Aontais a bhfuil 65 % de tháirgeacht iomlán thionscal an Aontais acu.
Fertilizers Europe provided data for the first three quarters of 2021 on costs of UAN sold, the ex-work prices as well as profitability figures for Union producers representing 65% of the Union industry.
Ós rud é go raibh cuid de na costais os cionn praghsanna díola UAN ar mhargadh an Aontais cheana féin agus go raibh méadú suntasach tagtha ar chostais sheasta in aghaidh an aonaid táirgthe mar gheall ar an laghdú ar tháirgeacht, níl aon amhras ann go raibh díobháil ábhartha fós á déanamh do thionscal an Aontais.
With only part of variable costs already above the sales prices of UAN on the Union market and fixed costs per unit of production significantly increased due to the drop in production, it is undisputed that the Union industry was still suffering material injury.
Bhí margadh UAN an Aontais an-luaineach sa tréimhse tar éis do Copa-Cogeca a chéad aighneacht a dhéanamh, rud a dhéanann difear don mheasúnú ar dhálaí an mhargaidh agus ar an dóchúlacht go dtosófaí an díobháil arís.
The Union market of UAN has shown to be very volatile in the period after the initial submission of Copa-Cogeca, affecting the assessment of the changed market conditions and the likelihood of resumption of injury.
Thairis sin, mar a d’aithin na páirtithe, faoi dhálaí an mhargaidh mar atá siad faoi láthair ní féidir le tionscal an Aontais UAN a tháirgeadh agus a dhíol ar bhrabús agus, dá bhrí sin, tá cuid shuntasach dá acmhainneacht táirgeachta gan úsáid.
Furthermore, as acknowledged by the parties, under current market conditions, the Union industry is unable to produce and sell UAN at a profit and thus a significant part of its production capacity is idle.
Is féidir é a mheascadh a thuilleadh chun cineálacha eile leasachán nítrigine a dhéanamh, e.g. níotráit úiré amóiniam (‘UAN’). níotráit amóiniam arna meascadh le húiré) nó níotráit chailciam amóiniam ( ‘CAN’; níotráit amóiniam arna meascadh le cailciam ó aolchloch).
It can be further mixed to make other types of nitrogen fertilisers, e.g. urea ammonium nitrate (‘UAN’; ammonium nitrate mixed with urea) or calcium ammonium nitrate ( ‘CAN’; ammonium nitrate mixed with calcium from limestone).
Is féidir é a mheascadh a thuilleadh chun cineálacha eile leasachán nítrigine a dhéanamh, e.g. níotráit úiré amóiniam (‘UAN’; níotráit amóiniam arna meascadh le húiré) nó níotráit chailciam amóiniam ( ‘CAN’; níotráit amóiniam arna meascadh le cailciam ó aolchloch).
It can be further mixed to make other types of nitrogen fertilisers, e.g. urea ammonium nitrate (‘UAN’; ammonium nitrate mixed with urea) or calcium ammonium nitrate ( ‘CAN’; ammonium nitrate mixed with calcium from limestone).