SCIENCE|natural and applied sciences|life sciences|biology
- ancaire gliocóisiolfosfáitidilionóisíotóil Tagairt "Faofa ag an gCoiste Téarmaíochta, www.tearma.ie Faomhadh an téarma seo mar chuid de Thionscadal Lex"
- ga
- GPI anchor | glycosyl phosphatidylinositol anchor
- en
- Sainmhíniú "lipid anchor for many cell-surface proteins which consists in a post-translational modification of proteins with a glycolipid and is used ubiquitously in eukaryotes and most likely in some Archaea, but not in Eubacteria" Tagairt "Kinoshita, T., 'Glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) Anchors: Biochemistry and Cell Biology: Introduction to a Thematic Review Series' (15.3.2021), Journal of Lipid Research 2016;57(1):4-5, doi:10.1194/jlr.E065417"
- Nóta The GPI anchor is assembled on a phosphatidylinositol lipid in the endoplasmic reticulum by a series of enzymatic reactions and then is covalently attached to the carboxyl terminus of proteins. The core of GPI consists of phosphatidylinositol, glycans comprising one glucosamine and three mannoses, and a terminal phosphoethanolamine, which is amide-bonded to the newly formed carboxyl terminus of the protein during the process of GPI attachment. Depending on the organism, cell type, and protein, the GPI backbone can be modified with phosphoethanolamine and/or various glycan side-branches. The lipid moiety of the GPI anchor can be a 1-alkyl-2-acyl phosphatidylinositol, diacyl phosphatidylinositol, or inositol-phosphoceramide. In some cases, the inositol ring in the phosphatidylinositol moiety is palmitoylated or myristoylated.