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  2. SOCIAL QUESTIONS|health|medical science · SOCIAL QUESTIONS|health|medical science|immunology

    #620200

    IATE #1128234
    córas imdhíonachta inbheirthe Tagairt Faomhadh an téarma seo mar chuid de Thionscadal Lex
    ga
    angeborenes Immunsystem | unspezifisches Immunsystem
    de
    Sainmhíniú "der nicht erregerspezifische angeborene Teil des Immunsystems, der bei Antigen-Erstkontakt aufgrund der verzögerten Antikörperproduktion des spezifischen Systems die initiale Komponente der Immunantwort stellt: vgl. spezifisches Immunsystem [IATE:1128235 ]" Tagairt "Nach: DocCheck Flexikon, „Unspezifische Immunreaktion“, http://flexikon.doccheck.com/de/Angeborene_Immunreaktion (31.10.2015)"
    Nóta "Man unterscheidet zwei Arten angeborerner Immunreaktion: die durch Granulozyten, Monozyten, Makrophagen, NK-Zellen vermittelte zelluläre Immunantwort und die durch Komplementsystem, Lysozym, Interferone vermittelte humorale Immunantwort. Granulozyt [ IATE:1158780 ] Monozyt [ IATE:1431865 ] Makrophage [ IATE:3510214 ] NK-Zelle [ IATE:1186855 ] zelluläre Immunität [ IATE:1528623 ] Komplementsystem [ IATE:1073801 ] Interferon [ IATE:1529957 ] humorale Immunantwort [ IATE:1528606 ]"
    innate immune system | non-specific immune system
    en
    Sainmhíniú "subsystem of the overall immune system that comprises the cells and mechanisms that defend the host from infection by other organisms in a non-specific manner as it relies on the recognition of particular types of molecules that are common to many pathogens but are absent in the host and therefore, unlike the adaptive immune system (which is found only in vertebrates), does not confer long-lasting or protective immunity to the host" Tagairt "COM-Terminology Coordination, based on:- Wikipedia > Innate immune system (4.3.2021)- Alberts B, Johnson A, Lewis J, et al. Molecular Biology of the Cell. 4th edition. New York: Garland Science; 2002.'Innate Immunity.' (3.3.2021)"
    Nóta "These pathogen-associated molecules (called pathogen-associated immunostimulants) stimulate two types of innate immune responses—inflammatory responses and phagocytosis by cells such as neutrophils and macrophages. Both of these responses can occur quickly, even if the host has never been previously exposed to a particular pathogen.The innate immune responses are the first line of defense against invading pathogens. They are also required to initiate specific adaptive immune responses"
    système immunitaire inné | système immunitaire naturel | système immunitaire non spécifique
    fr
    Sainmhíniú système immunitaire adapté à la défense de plusieurs types d'antigènes Tagairt Lexique des sciences biologiques, Ph. Bourbeau et P. Quirion, Éd. Brault et Bourthillier, 2ème éd. (1996), ISBN: 2-7615-0153-5
    Nóta "Le système immunitaire est l'ensemble des organes lymphoïdes qui assurent la protection d'un organisme contre les agressions extérieures.(Source: ibidem)Voir aussi: système immunitaire adaptatif [ IATE:1128235 ]"
  3. SCIENCE|natural and applied sciences|life sciences|biology|botany

    #617243

    IATE #1067550
    frithsheasmhacht chothrománach Tagairt Faomhadh an téarma seo mar chuid de Thionscadal Lex
    ga
    horizontale Resistenz
    de
    horizontal resistance | race non-specific resistance | non-specific resistance
    en
    Sainmhíniú any resistance to pathogens in plants that is not vertical Tagairt "P.J. Keane, 'Horizontal or Generalized Resistance to Pathogens in Plants' (11.2.2020) Plant Pathology, Department of Botany, La Trobe University, Victoria"
    Nóta Hayes et al. (1925) and Stakman and Levine (1922), in describing the infection types in wheat stem rust, considered that the presence or absence of hypersensitive necrosis marked the divide between resistance and susceptibility; it was then recognized that there are “different levels of susceptibility” (Parlevliet, 1995). Such a definition opens up a pandora’s box of possible phenotypes, genotypes and mechanisms of horizontal resistance, which is why its definition has been so difficult and contentious. Just about any attempt at precision in defining it raises exceptions that defy the particular definition (Robinson, 1976).
    résistance horizontale
    fr
    Sainmhíniú résistance d'une plante à l'ensemble des races d'un parasite Tagairt CILF