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25 toradh

  1. INDUSTRY|chemistry
    ocsaídiú Tagairt Faomhadh an téarma seo mar chuid de Thionscadal Lex
    ga
    ocsaídiúchán Tagairt 'ocsaídiúchán'. Hussey, M. Fréamh an Eolais. Coiscéim, Baile Átha Cliath, 2011. Faomhadh an téarma seo mar chuid de Thionscadal Lex
    ga
    Sainmhíniú cailliúint leictreon ina dtarlaíonn dí-ocsaídiúchán ag an am céanna i gcónaí le gnóthú an leictreoin chéanna Tagairt Fiontar agus Scoil na Gaeilge, Ollscoil Chathair Bhaile Átha Cliath (DCU), bunaithe ar: 'ocsaídiúchán'. Hussey, M. Fréamh an Eolais. Coiscéim, Baile Átha Cliath, 2011.
    Oxidation
    de
    Sainmhíniú Elektronenabgabe von Elementen, Ionen oder Verbindungen, sodass sich deren Oxidationszahl erhöht Tagairt Bibliographisches Institut & F. A. Brockhaus AG (Hg), "Der Brockhaus multimedial 2007 premium", DVD, Bibliographisches Institut & F. A. Brockhaus AG, Mannheim, 2007, ISBN 3-411-06548-6, Eintrag zu "Oxidation"
    oxidation
    en
    Sainmhíniú 1. The complete, net removal of one or more electrons from a molecular entity (also called 'de-electronation'). 2. An increase in the oxidation number of any atom within any substrate. 3. Gain of oxygen and/or loss of hydrogen of an organic substrate. All oxidations meet criteria 1 and 2, and many meet criterion 3, but this is not always easy to demonstrate Tagairt IUPAC. Compendium of Chemical Terminology, 2nd ed. (the "Gold Book"). Compiled by A. D. McNaught and A. Wilkinson. Blackwell Scientific Publications, Oxford (1997). XML on-line corrected version: http://goldbook.iupac.org (2006-) created by M. Nic, J. Jirat, B. Kosata; updates compiled by A. Jenkins. ISBN 0-9678550-9-8 Last update: 2009-09-07; version: 2.1.5 http://goldbook.iupac.org/O04362.html [19.11.2009]
    Nóta Alternatively, an oxidation can be described as a transformation of an organic substrate that can be rationally dissected into steps or primitive changes. The latter consist in removal of one or several electrons from the substrate followed or preceded by gain or loss of water and/or hydrons or hydroxide ions, or by nucleophilic substitution by water or its reverse and/or by an intramolecular molecular rearrangement. This formal definition allows the original idea of oxidation (combination with oxygen), together with its extension to removal of hydrogen, as well as processes closely akin to this type of transformation (and generally regarded in current usage of the term in organic chemistry to be oxidations and to be effected by 'oxidizing agents') to be descriptively related to definition 1.
    oxydation
    fr
    Sainmhíniú Réaction chimique au cours de laquelle un corps se combine avec de l'oxygène pour former un oxyde;elle est l'une des trois causes principales de formation d'un feu;elle entraîne un affaiblissement des métaux ferreux qui se traduit par la formation de rouille Tagairt Glossaire multilingue en matière de protection civile 1990,Groupe de travail Commission Européenne/Etats membres
  2. INDUSTRY|iron, steel and other metal industries
    ocsaídiú Tagairt Faomhadh an téarma seo mar chuid de Thionscadal Lex
    ga
    ocsaídiúchán Tagairt Faomhadh an téarma seo mar chuid de Thionscadal Lex
    ga
    Verkupferung
    de
    oxidizing | oxidising
    en
    Sainmhíniú the treatment of a graphited wax surface with copper sulphate and iron filings,to produce a conducting copper coating Tagairt IEV 50-35-55
    cuivrage
    fr
    Sainmhíniú traitement d'une surface de cire graphitée par du sulfate de cuivre et de la limaille de fer, pour obtenir un revêtement conducteur en cuivre Tagairt VEI 50-35-55
  3. ENVIRONMENT|deterioration of the environment|waste|wastewater · SCIENCE|natural and applied sciences|physical sciences|chemistry
    bith-ocsaídiú Tagairt Faomhadh an téarma seo mar chuid de Thionscadal Lex
    ga
    B-stage | biological oxidation | bio-oxidation
    en
    Sainmhíniú oxidation of a material using microorganisms Tagairt COM-Terminology Coordination, based on: - Wikipedia > Adsorption/Bio-oxidation process (11.11.2021)- Obulisamy P. Karthikeyan, Aruliah Rajasekar & Rajasekhar Balasubramanian (2015) 'Bio-Oxidation and Biocyanidation of Refractory Mineral Ores for Gold Extraction: A Review' (10.8.2022), Critical Reviews in Environmental Science and Technology, 45:15, 1611-1643, DOI: 10.1080/10643389.2014.966423- European Commission. Cordis. 'THE USE OF NOVEL BIO OXYDATION TECHNIQUES IN THE HYDROMETALLURGICAL TREATMENT OF MIXED SULPHIDE ORES.' (10.8.2022)- UK Environment Agency. 'Landfill methane oxidation techniques' (10.8.2022). Report – SC160005/R
  4. INDUSTRY|iron, steel and other metal industries
    dí-ocsaídiú Tagairt Faomhadh an téarma seo mar chuid de Thionscadal Lex
    ga
    Desoxidation
    de
    Sainmhíniú Abspalten oder Austreiben von Sauerstoff, zum Beispiel aus organischen Verbindungen oder aus Metallschmelzen durch Zusatz verschiedener Substanzen Tagairt Reallex Med
    deoxidation
    en
    Sainmhíniú removal of excess oxygen present in molten metal in the form of oxydes, usually accomplished by adding materials with a high affinity for oxygen Tagairt CIATF. Dictionnaire idéologique de fonderie (Indexed Foundry Dictionary). Éditions techniques des industries de la fonderie, Paris. 1979
    Nóta See also: Key to Metals. Steel Deoxidation: Part Two http://www.keytometals.com/page.aspx?ID=CheckArticle&site=kts&NM=218 [10.1.2012]
    désoxydation
    fr
    Sainmhíniú élimination de l'oxygène d'un métal liquide où il se trouve essentiellement sous forme d'oxydes Tagairt CIATF Dic.idéologique fonderie 1979
  5. INDUSTRY|chemistry
    dí-ocsaídiú Tagairt 'díocsaídiú'. Hussey, M. Fréamh an Eolais. Coiscéim, Baile Átha Cliath, 2011. ;Faomhadh an téarma seo mar chuid de Thionscadal Lex
    ga
    Sainmhíniú próiseas nó imoibriú ceimiceach ina ngnóthaítear leictreoin, a thionlacann oscaídiú, nó cailliúint leictreon, i gcónaí Tagairt 'díocsaídiú'. Hussey, M. Fréamh an Eolais. Coiscéim, Baile Átha Cliath, 2011.
    Reduktion
    de
    Sainmhíniú die Wegnahme von O oder die Aufnahme von H beziehungsweise von Elektronen als-mit Oxidation gekoppelter-Teilprozess einer Redoxreaktion Tagairt Reallex Med
    reduction
    en
    Sainmhíniú complete transfer of one or more electrons to a molecular entity (also called 'electronation'), and, more generally, the reverse of oxidation [ IATE:1085350 ] Tagairt IUPAC. Compendium of Chemical Terminology, 2nd ed. (the "Gold Book"). Compiled by A. D. McNaught and A. Wilkinson. Blackwell Scientific Publications, Oxford (1997). XML on-line corrected version: http://goldbook.iupac.org (2006-) created by M. Nic, J. Jirat, B. Kosata; updates compiled by A. Jenkins. ISBN 0-9678550-9-8, https://goldbook.iupac.org/html/R/R05222.html [2.6.2017]
    réduction
    fr
    Sainmhíniú 2)chim.:soustraction d'oxygène ou adjonction d'hydrogène à une substance, ou captation d'électrons par un atome Tagairt 1)Reallex Med
  6. INDUSTRY|chemistry
    dí-ocsaídiú catalaíoch Tagairt Faomhadh an téarma seo mar chuid de Thionscadal Lex
    ga
    katalytische Reduktion
    de
    Nóta MISC: aus EG-Wörterverzeichnis.
    catalytic reduction
    en
    Sainmhíniú reduction [ IATE:1505717 ] of a substance in presence of a reducing agent [ IATE:1423969 ] and a catalyst [ IATE:1421099 ] Tagairt COM-Terminology Coordination, based on:Eredzhep Menumerov, Robert A. Hughes, and Svetlana Neretina. Catalytic Reduction of 4-Nitrophenol: A Quantitative Assessment of the Role of Dissolved Oxygen in Determining the Induction Time. Nano Letters 2016 16 (12), 7791-7797. DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.6b03991, http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/acs.nanolett.6b03991 [6.6.2017]
    réduction catalytique
    fr
  7. INDUSTRY|chemistry
    dí-ocsaídiú ceimiceach Tagairt Faomhadh an téarma seo mar chuid de Thionscadal Lex
    ga
    chemische Reduktion
    de
    chemical reduction
    en
    Sainmhíniú reduction using a chemical reducing agent Tagairt COM-Terminology Coordination, based on:FRTR, Remediation Technologies Screening Matrix and Reference Guide, Version 4.0, Soil, Sediment, Bedrock and Sludge > 3.10 In Situ Physical/Chemical Treatment > 4.4 Chemical Oxidation (29.1.2020)
    Nóta In contrast to reduction due to microorganisms. See also sulfate-reducing microorganism.
    réduction chimique
    fr
  8. ENERGY|coal and mining industries|mining industry
    dí-ocsaídiú leictrealaíoch Tagairt Faomhadh an téarma seo mar chuid de Thionscadal Lex
    ga
    electrolytic reduction
    en
    Sainmhíniú process used to convert highly reactive metal-oxides and metal-chlorides that cannot be easily reduced by chemical reactions into metals Tagairt Chemistry http://www.educationalelectronicsusa.com/c/index.htm > Metals and Non-Metals. Part X - Conversion of Ore into Metal Oxide, Reduction of Metal Oxide http://www.educationalelectronicsusa.com/c/metals-X.htm [17.11.2010]
    Nóta The cathode of the cell provides the electrons needed for the metal to free itself from the metal-oxide or metal-chloride bonds.
    réduction électrolytique
    fr
  9. ENVIRONMENT|environmental policy|pollution control measures
    SNCR Tagairt Faomhadh an téarma seo mar chuid de Thionscadal Lex
    ga
    dí-ocsaídiú neamhchatalaíoch roghnaitheach Tagairt Faomhadh an téarma seo mar chuid de Thionscadal Lex
    ga
    Selektive nicht-katalytische Reduktion | SNCR
    de
    Sainmhíniú DeNOx-Verfahren (Denitrifikations-Verfahren, Rauchgasentstickung), um Stickoxide (NOx) in Rauchgasen abzubauen Tagairt Chemie-Lexikon, s. v. "Selektive nicht-katalytische Reduktion", http://www.chemie.de/lexikon/Selektive_nicht-katalytische_Reduktion.html (27.8.2015)
    selective non-catalytic reduction | SNCR
    en
    Sainmhíniú technology which reduces NOx emissions by injecting urea into the furnace flue gas in an appropriate temperature window, NOx reacting with urea to form harmless nitrogen, water, and a small amount of CO Tagairt Based on: IEA Clean Coal Centre. Selective non-catalytic reduction (SNCR) for NOx control. (4.2.2020)
    Nóta This process takes place only in a narrow 200°C (390°F) temperature range, below which NH3 (ammonia) is formed and above which NOx emission levels actually increase.
    RNCS | SNCR | réduction non catalytique sélective
    fr
    Sainmhíniú procédé de traitement des gaz de combustion (fumées) pour en éliminer les oxydes de soufre, par injection d'ammoniac ou d'une solution d'urée aqueuse de 900 °C à 1 100 °C, directement après la chambre de combustion et réaction des oxydes d'azote, avec les composés d'ammonium, à l'azote et à l'eau Tagairt COM-FR d'après SICK > Épuration des gaz de combustion https://www.sick.com/fr/fr/industries/waste-and-recycling/waste-incineration-plants-waste-to-energy/exhaust-gas-purification/denitrification-systems/operation-of-an-sncr-denitrification-system-selective-non-catalytic-reduction/c/p371206 [18.5.2017]
    Nóta Voir aussi:- réduction catalytique sélective [ IATE:1409316 ]
  10. ENVIRONMENT|environmental policy|pollution control measures
    dí-ocsaídiú roghnaitheach catalaíoch Tagairt Faomhadh an téarma seo mar chuid de Thionscadal Lex
    ga
    selektive katalytische Reduktion | SCR
    de
    SCR | selective catalyst reduction | selective catalytic reduction | selective catalytic converter reduction
    en
    Sainmhíniú conversion of NOx pollutants into diatomic nitrogen (N2) and water (H2O) by adding a gaseous reduct to a stream of flue or exhaust gas Tagairt COM-Terminology Coordination, based on:Addy Majewski. Selective Catalytic Reduction, https://www.dieselnet.com/tech/cat_scr.php [31.5.2017]
    réduction catalytique sélective | RCS
    fr
    Sainmhíniú technologie de post-traitement des gaz d’échappement en aval du moteur qui permet au convertisseur catalytique une réduction importante des émissions polluantes d'oxydes d'azote grâce à l'apport d'une solution d'urée Tagairt COM-FR, d'après:Fleetguard, FAQ sur le fluide d'échappement diesel (FED), https://www.cumminsfiltration.com/pdfs/product_lit/americas_brochures/MB10033-FR.pdf [5.3.2015]
    Nóta Voir aussi:- réduction non catalytique sélective [ IATE:137838 ]
  11. INDUSTRY|chemistry|chemical industry
    dí-ocsaídiú teirmeach Tagairt Faomhadh an téarma seo mar chuid de Thionscadal Lex
    ga
    thermische Reduktion
    de
    thermal reduction
    en
    Sainmhíniú reduction [ IATE:1505717 ] of a substance at elevated temperatures in the presence of a reducing agent [ IATE:1423969 ] Tagairt COM-Terminology Coordination, based on:Iamir E. Maloka, S. M. Aliwi and S. A. Naman. Thermal Reduction of CO2 in the Presence of H2S. Petroleum Science and Technology, 24:117–127, 2006, http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1081/LFT-200041068 [2.6.2017]
    réduction thermique
    fr
  12. SCIENCE|natural and applied sciences|life sciences · SCIENCE|natural and applied sciences|life sciences|biology · SCIENCE|natural and applied sciences|physical sciences|chemistry|biochemistry
    ocsaídiú aeróbach Tagairt Faomhadh an téarma seo mar chuid de Thionscadal Lex
    ga
    aerobic oxidation
    en
    Sainmhíniú metabolic process in which fatty acids and sugars, principally glucose, are metabolised to CO2 and H2O, and the energy released is converted to the chemical energy of phosphoanhydride bonds in ATP, the most important molecule for capturing and transferring free energy in biological systems Tagairt COM-Terminology Coordination, based on:Lodish H, Berk A, Zipursky SL, et al. Molecular Cell Biology. 4th edition. New York: W. H. Freeman; 2000. 'Chapter 16, Cellular Energetics: Glycolysis, Aerobic Oxidation, and Photosynthesis' (17.2.2020).
    Nóta At first glance, photosynthesis and aerobic oxidation appear to have little in common. However, a revolutionary discovery in cell biology is that bacteria, mitochondria, and chloroplasts all use the same (or very nearly the same) process, called chemiosmosis (or chemiosmotic coupling), to generate ATP from ADP and Pi
  13. ENVIRONMENT|environmental policy|pollution control measures · SCIENCE|natural and applied sciences|life sciences|biology
    ocsaídiú anaeróbach amóiniam Tagairt Faomhadh an téarma seo mar chuid de Thionscadal Lex
    ga
    anammox Tagairt Faomhadh an téarma seo mar chuid de Thionscadal Lex
    ga
    an­ae­ro­be Am­mo­ni­um­oxi­da­ti­on | Anammox
    de
    anaerobic ammonium oxidation | anammox | anaerobic ammonia oxidation
    en
    Sainmhíniú reaction in which anaerobic bacteria oxidise ammonium to nitrogen gas using nitrite as the electron acceptor Tagairt COM-Terminology Coordination, based on: Hu BL, Shen LD, Xu XY, Zheng P. 'Anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) in different natural ecosystems' (3.5.2019). Biochemical Society Transactions. 2011 Dec;39(6):1811-6
    oxydation anaérobie des ions ammonium | ANAMMOX
    fr
    Sainmhíniú en l'absence d'oxygène, conversion de l’ammonium en azote gazeux en utilisant le nitrite comme accepteur d’électrons Tagairt COM-FR d'après: Détection des bactéries anammox (oxydation anaérobie de l’ammonium) dans les milieux continentaux (7.5.2019)
  14. SCIENCE|natural and applied sciences|physical sciences
    ocsaídiú bitheolaíoch Tagairt Faomhadh an téarma seo mar chuid de Thionscadal Lex
    ga
    biological oxidation
    en
    Sainmhíniú biochemical reaction involving the transfer of a negatively charged electron from one organic compound to another organic compound or to oxygen Tagairt Termwiki > Terms > English (EN) > biological oxidation (28.6.2022)
  15. ENVIRONMENT|environmental policy|pollution control measures|prevention of pollution · PRODUCTION, TECHNOLOGY AND RESEARCH|technology and technical regulations|materials technology · SCIENCE|natural and applied sciences|earth sciences
    ocsaídiú catalaíoch Tagairt Faomhadh an téarma seo mar chuid de Thionscadal Lex
    ga
    katalytische Oxidation
    de
    Sainmhíniú Verfahren zur Reinigung meist organisch belasteter Prozessluftströme bei geringer Temperatur Tagairt Council-DE nach Delta Umwelt-Technik GmbH „Thermische Katalytische Oxidation” (14.7.2022)
    catalytic oxidation | catalytic post-combustion | catalytic afterburning
    en
    Sainmhíniú process that oxidises a compound using a catalyst Tagairt COM-EN, based on: Wikipedia > Catalytic oxidation (14.6.2022)
    Nóta This process is similar to thermal post-combustion, with the difference being that the gas, after it has passed the flame, passes through a catalyst yet again. The catalyst ensures accelerated oxidation at lower temperatures: approximately 300 – 500 °C prior to the catalyst and typically 500 – 700 °C after the catalyst. New low temperature catalysts are able to operate at 200 – 250 °C.
    oxydation catalytique | postcombustion catalytique
    fr
    Sainmhíniú procédé qui permet l'oxydation d'un composant grâce à la présence d'un catalyseur dans une chambre de combustion Tagairt Conseil-FR, d'après - Décision d'exécution du 9 octobre 2014 établissant les conclusions sur les meilleures techniques disponibles (MTD), au titre de la directive 2010/75/UE du Parlement européen et du Conseil relative aux émissions industrielles, pour le raffinage de pétrole et de gaz - Décision d’exécution (UE) 2020/2009 du 22 juin 2020 établissant les meilleures techniques disponibles (MTD), au titre de la directive 2010/75/UE du Parlement européen et du Conseil relative aux émissions industrielles, pour le traitement de surface à l’aide de solvants organiques, y compris pour la préservation du bois et des produits dérivés du bois au moyen de produits chimiques
    Nóta Les températures de combustion utilisées pour l’oxydation catalytique sont beaucoup plus faibles que celles utilisées pour l'oxydation thermique et permettent donc de réaliser des économies d’énergie.
  16. INDUSTRY|chemistry
    ocsaídiú ceimiceach Tagairt Faomhadh an téarma seo mar chuid de Thionscadal Lex
    ga
    chemical oxidation
    en
    Sainmhíniú oxidation [ IATE:1085350 ] using a chemical oxidant [ IATE:1617556 ] Tagairt COM-Terminology Coordination, based on:FRTR. Remediation Technologies Screening Matrix and Reference Guide, Version 4.0. Soil, Sediment, Bedrock and Sludge > 3.10 In Situ Physical/Chemical Treatment > 4.4 Chemical Oxidation, https://frtr.gov/matrix2/section4/4_4.html [2.6.2017]
    Nóta The chemical oxidants most commonly employed to date include peroxide, ozone, and permanganate. Reference: FRTR. Remediation Technologies Screening Matrix and Reference Guide, Version 4.0. Soil, Sediment, Bedrock and Sludge > 3.10 In Situ Physical/Chemical Treatment > 4.4 Chemical Oxidation, https://frtr.gov/matrix2/section4/4_4.html [2.6.2017]
  17. ENVIRONMENT
    ocsaídiú ceimiceach i ndramhaíl thocsaineach agus chontúirteach Tagairt Faomhadh an téarma seo mar chuid de Thionscadal Lex
    ga
    toxic and dangerous waste chemical oxidation
    en
    oxydation chimique des déchets toxiques et dangereux
    fr
    Sainmhíniú décomposition des déchets toxiques et dangereux en gaz inertes par addition d'agents oxydants Tagairt AFNOR X 30-011:juin 1983:Environnement et ressources de base.Vocabulaire de la filière-Matières premières:Termes utilisés pour la gestion des déchets
  18. ENVIRONMENT
    ocsaídiú fliuch Tagairt Faomhadh an téarma seo mar chuid de Thionscadal Lex
    ga
    Nassoxidation
    de
    wet oxidation | WETOX
    en
    oxydation humide
    fr
    Sainmhíniú procédé de traitement de déchets aqueux qui réalise une oxydation des éléments organiques sous température(150-325°C)et pression(20-200 bars)élevées Tagairt Antonini,G.,Gislais,P.,Traitements thermiques des déchets industriels,1995,Lavoisier,Technique & Documentation,Paris,p.41