#2181131
Saolré eacnamaíoch 20 bliain a bheadh ag STW ar talamh go hiondúil.
Onshore SWT would typically have an economic life of 20 years.
Scag na torthaí
Bailiúcháin
23 toradh in 2 dhoiciméad
#3051604
Fóirdheontas pá + STW
Wage subsidy + STW
#3051827
Cé is moite de leagan as a chosc, le STW luasghéaraítear ar théarnamh eacnamaíoch.
Besides preventing layoffs, STW accelerates economic recovery.
#3051815
Leis an mbosca seo úsáidtear samhail Iltíre Domhanda (GM) an Choimisiúin chun an tionchar atá ag scéimeanna oibre gearr-ama (STW) a mhaoinítear le SURE a ionsamhlú le linn phaindéim COVID-19.
This box uses the Commission’s Global Multi-country (GM) model to simulate the impact of SURE-financed short-time work (STW) schemes during the COVID-19 pandemic.
#3051823
Chun an tionchar atá ag scéimeanna STW a ghabháil ar bhealach níos fearr, méadaítear samhail GM chaighdeánach trí struchtúr margaidh saothair níos cuimsithí.
To better capture the impact of STW schemes, the standard GM model is augmented with a more comprehensive labour market structure.
#3051825
Trí uaireanta nár oibríodh le linn suaití diúltacha sealadacha a fhóirdheonú, is é a thagann as scéimeanna STW coinneáil poist ó thaobh an lín daoine.
By subsidising hours not worked during temporary negative shocks, STW schemes result in job retention in terms of headcount.
#3051826
I bhfocail eile, le scéimeanna STW is féidir gnólachtaí a spreagadh chun saothar a choigeartú trí uaireanta laghdaithe seachas trí leagan as.
In other words, STW schemes can encourage firms to adjust labour through reduced hours instead of through layoffs.
#3051828
Ach a bhfoireann a choinneáil a bhuí le scéimeanna STW, seachnaíonn fostóirí freisin na próisis chostasacha deighilte, athfhostaithe agus oiliúna le linn na dtéarnamh eacnamaíoch faoi dheireadh.
By retaining their staff thanks to STW schemes, employers also avoid the costly separation, re-hiring, and training processes during the eventual economic upturns.
#3051830
Ina theannta sin trí dhífhostaíocht a mhaolú, le STW cuidítear le héileamh ioncaim agus tomhaltais oibrithe a chobhsú.
Additionally, by mitigating unemployment, STW help stabilise workers’ income and consumption demand.
#3051831
Ar an bhforiomlán, le scéimeanna STW is féidir tionchar diúltach suaití díobhálacha sa mhargadh saothair a mhaolú agus rannchuidiú le geilleagar níos athléimní.
Overall, STW schemes can mitigate the negative impact of adverse shocks in the labour market and contribute to a more resilient economy.
#3051833
Sa chleachtadh samhaltaithe sin, meastar gur idirghabháil rialtais lánroghnach chun uaireanta nár oibríodh a fhóirdheonú iad scéimeanna STW a mhaoinítear le SURE.
In this modelling exercise, STW schemes financed by SURE are considered as a discretionary government intervention to subsidise non-worked hours.
#3051841
Lena chur ar bhealach eile, gan scéimeanna STW a mhaoinítear le SURE, bheadh 8,6 % sroichte ag ráta dífhostaíochta an limistéir euro in 2020 (seachas an 8,0 % a breathnaíodh).
Put differently, without STW schemes financed by SURE, the euro area unemployment rate would have reached 8.6% in 2020 (instead of the observed 8.0%).
#3051845
Leis na hionsamhlúcháin léirítear an tionchar láidir atá ag SURE ar fhostaíocht a bhuí le scéimeanna STW.
The simulations show the strong impact of SURE on employment thanks to STW schemes.
#3051847
(+) I bprionsabal, le STW is féidir tuilleadh easnaimh éilimh atá bainteach le húdair imní dhífhostaíochta a mhaolú.
(+) In principle, STW can mitigate further demand shortfalls associated with unemployment fears.
#3051849
Thairis sin, d’fhéadfadh na sochair ó scéimeanna STW mar chobhsaitheoirí uathoibríocha sochair na hidirghabhála rialtais lánroghnaí a mhaoinítear le SURE a shárú.
Moreover, the benefits from STW schemes as automatic stabilisers could exceed those of the discretionary government intervention financed by SURE.
#3051850
(+) Trí phoist agus fostaíocht a choinneáil ar bun, le scéimeanna STW is féidir díobhálacha fadtéarmacha ó dhífhostaíocht a chosc, amhail caillteanais scileanna nó díspreagadh ó bheith rannpháirteach sa mhargadh saothair.
(+) By maintaining jobs and employment, STW schemes can prevent scarring effects from unemployment, such as skill losses or discouragement from participating in the labour market.
#3051853
(-) Ina theannta sin, leis an tsamhail ní chuirtear fadhbanna baoil mhorálta ionchasacha san áireamh, amhail gnólachtaí a bheith á ndreasú chun uaireanta a laghdú níos mó ná mar is gá faoi STW.
(-) Additionally, the model does not account for potential moral hazard problems, such as firms being incentivised to reduce hours more than necessary under STW.
#3052164
Measann Dengler agus Gehrke gur féidir poitéinseal cobhsúcháin STW a mhéadú le suas le 55 % ach coigilteas réamhchúraim a chur san áireamh.
Dengler and Gehrke estimate that accounting for precautionary savings can increase the stabilisation potential of STW by up to 55%.
#3051819
Úsáidtear samhail GM anseo chun staidéar a dhéanamh ar thionchar na scéimeanna STW a mhaoinítear le SURE, lena n-áirítear freisin fóirdheontais phá agus tacaíocht chomhchosúil le haghaidh daoine féinfhostaithe (seachas bearta eile amhail bearta a bhaineann le sláinte).
The GM model is used here to study the impact of the STW schemes financed by SURE, which also include wage subsidies and similar support to the self-employed (excluding other measures such as health-related ones).
#3051835
Bunaithe ar na cainéil ar a dtugtar tuairisc thuas, leis na hionsamhlúcháin samhla ‘chaighdeánacha’ tugtar le tuiscint gurb amhlaidh a bhí tionchar dearfach substaintiúil ag scéimeanna STW a mhaoinítear le SURE ar fhostaíocht, agus caillteanais poist a bhí cothrom le thart ar thrí cheathrú cuid de mhilliún á gcosc sa limistéar euro.
Based on the channels described above, “standard” model simulations suggest that STW schemes financed by SURE have had a substantial positive impact on employment, preventing around ¾ million job losses in the euro area.
#3051843
Murab ionann agus anailís Dhlí Okun a chuirtear i láthair i nGraf 16, leis an ionsamhlúchán sin ní dhírítear ach ar éifeachtaí scéimeanna STW a mhaoinítear le SURE, seachas ar an bhfreagairt bheartais fhoriomlán ar COVID-19.
Unlike the Okun’s Law analysis presented in Graph 16, this simulation focuses only on the effects of STW schemes financed by SURE, rather than the overall policy response to COVID-19.
#3051851
(-) Ar an drochuair, áfach, leis na hionsamhlúcháin samhla eisiatar éifeachtaí athdháilte díobhálacha féideartha sa mhargadh saothair, ós rud é go bhféadfaí le STW oibrithe a dhíspreagadh ó aistriú chuig gnólachtaí nó earnálacha níos táirgiúla.
(-) On the downside, however, the model simulations exclude possible adverse reallocation effects in the labour market, as STW could discourage workers from moving to more productive firms or sectors.
#3052161
Cé go bhfuil sé stílithe, ar an iomlán tá an paraiméadrú sin i gcomhréir le Gehrke agus Hochmuth a léiríonn gur féidir an éifeacht ar fhostaíocht tar éis suaitheadh STW lánroghnach dúbailt i gcúlú níos mó.
While stylised, this parametrisation is broadly in line with Gehrke and Hochmuth, who show that the effect on employment after a discretionary STW shock can double in a deeper recession.