#1152033
Ar Aghaidh (CUID II Imeachtaí Coiriúla mar gheall ar Leabhal)
Next (PART II CRIMINAL PROCEEDINGS OF LIBEL)
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#1152073
CUID II Imeachtaí Coiriúla mar gheall ar Leabhal
PART II CRIMINAL PROCEEDINGS OF LIBEL
#1152104
Fiosrú i dtaobh leabhal a bheith chun leasa an phobail nó a bheith fíor.
Inquiry as to libel being for public benefit or being true.
#1152108
Forálacha maidir le ciontú achomair mar gheall ar leabhal.
Provisions as to summary conviction for libel.
#1152112
Pionós mar gheall ar leabhal clúmillteach a fhoilsiú go mailíseach.
Penalty for maliciously publishing defamatory libel.
#1152116
Pionós mar gheall ar leabhal is feasach a bheith bréagach a fhoilsiú go mailíseach.
Penalty for maliciously publishing libel known to be false.
#1152120
Pionós mar gheall ar leabhal diamhaslach nó graosta a chlóbhualadh nó a fhoilsiú.
Penalty for printing or publishing blasphemous or obscene libel.
#1152124
(2) (a) I ngach cás ina gciontófar duine i leabhal diamaslach a chumadh, a chlóbhualadh nó a fhoilsiú, féadfaidh an chúirt ordú a dhéanamh chun na cóipeanna go léir den leabhal a bheidh i seilbh an duine sin, nó i seilbh aon duine eile a bheidh ainmnithe san ordú chun a úsáide, a urghabháil agus a thabhairt chun bealaigh agus a choinneáil i slánchoimeád, i cibé slí a ordófar san ordú ar fhianaise faoi mhionn a bheith tugtha roimhe sin chun sástacht na cúirte go bhfuil cóipeanna den leabhal sin i seilbh an duine eile sin chun úsáide an duine a ciontaíodh.
( a ) In every case in which a person is convicted of composing, printing or publishing a blasphemous libel, the court may make an order for the seizure and carrying away and detaining in safe custody, in such manner as shall be directed in the order, of all copies of the, libel in the possession of such person or of any other person named in the order for his use, evidence upon oath having been previously given to the satisfaction of the court that copies of the said libel are in the possession of such other person for the use of the person convicted.
#1152266
—Ní dhéanfaidh aon ní sa Chuid seo difir don dlí a bhaineann le leabhal coiriúil.
—Nothing in this Parts hall affect the law relating to criminal libel. Section 4.
#1152110
—Más é tuairim Breithimh den Chúirt Dúiche, ar chúiseamh a éisteacht i gcoinne dílseánaigh, foilsitheora, eagarthóra nó aon duine eile atá freagrach i bhfoilsiú páipéir nuachta mar gheall ar leabhal a fhoilsiú ann, nach raibh sa leabhal, ar a shon gur taispeánadh go raibh an duine cúisithe ciontach ann, ach leabhal de chineál mionchúiseach agus go bhféadfar an cion a leorphionósú de bhua na gcumhachtaí a thugtar leis an alt seo, cuirfidh an Breitheamh faoi deara an cúiseamh a chur i scríbhinn agus a léamh don duine a cúisíodh agus fiafróidh sé de ansin an mian leis go dtrialfeadh giúiré é nó an dtoilíonn sé leis an gcás a thriail go hachomair, agus, má thoilíonn an duine sin leis an gcás a thriail go hachomair, féadfaidh sé é a chiontú go hachomair, agus fíneáil nach mó ná caoga punt a chur air, agus beidh feidhm dá réir sin ag na hAchtanna um Dhlínse Achomair.
—If a Justice of the District Court, upon the hearing of a charge against a proprietor, publisher, editor or any person responsible for the publication of a newspaper for a libel published therein, is of opinion that, though the person charged is shown to have been guilty, the libel was of a trivial character and that the offence may be adequately punished by virtue of the powers conferred by this section, the Justice shall cause the charge to be reduced into writing and read to the person charged and shall then ask him if he desires to be tried by a jury or consents to the case being dealt with summarily, and, if such person consents to the case being dealt with summarily, may summarily convict him, and impose on him a fine not exceeding fifty pounds, and the Summary Jurisdiction Acts shall apply accordingly.
#1152077
—(1) I ngach triail ar dhíotáil mar gheall ar leabhal a dhéanamh nó a fhoilsiú nach dtaifeadfar pléadáil neamhchiontachta ina leith, féadfaidh an giúiré fíorasc ginearálta ciontachta nó neamhchiontachta a thabhairt ar an ábhar go léir a cuireadh i saincheist sa díotáil, agus ní iarrfaidh an chúirt ar an ngiúiré ná ní threoróidh dóibh an duine a cúisíodh a fháil ciontach ar an gcruthú amháin gur fhoilsigh sé an páipéar ar cúisíodh gur leabhal é agus go raibh leis an bpáipéar sin an chiall a cuireadh ina leith sa díotáil.
—(1) On every trial of an indictment for making or publishing any libel to which a plea of not guilty is entered, the jury may give a general verdict of guilty or not guilty upon the whole matter put in issue on the indictment, and the jury shall not be required or directed by the court to find the person charged guilty merely on the proof of the publication by him of the paper charged to be a libel and of the sense ascribed to such paper in the indictment.
#1152126
(b) Ar ordú a dhéanamh faoi mhír (a) den fho-alt seo, féadfaidh comhalta ar bith den Gharda Síochána agus é ag gníomhú faoin ordú sin dul isteach, le héigean más gá, agus cuardach a dhéanamh le haghaidh aon chóipeanna den leabhal sin in aon fhoirgneamh, teach nó aon áit eile leis an duine a ciontaíodh nó leis an duine eile sin a bheidh ainmnithe san ordú, agus féadfaidh sé gach cóip den leabhal a gheobhaidh sé ansin a urghabháil agus a thabhairt chun bealaigh agus a choinneáil sa tslí a ordaíodh san ordú sin.
( b ) Upon the making of an order under paragraph (a)of this subsection, any member of the Garda Síochána acting under such order may enter, if necessary by the use of force, and search for any copies of the said libel any building, house or other place belonging to the person convicted or to such other person named in the order and may seize and carry away and detain in the manner directed in such order all copies of the libel found therein.
#1152254
—In aon chaingean mar gheall ar leabhal nó clúmhilleadh féadfaidh an cosantóir fianaise a thabhairt do mhaolú ar dhamáistí gur ghnóthaigh an gearánaí damáistí, nó gur thionscain sé caingne ag iarraidh damáistí, mar gheall ar leabhal nó clúmhilleadh i leith focail a fhoilsiú arb ionann éifeacht dóibh agus do na focail ar ar bunaíodh an chaingean, nó gur ghlac sé, nó gur chomhaontaigh sé glacadh, le cúiteamh i leith aon fhoilsithe den sórt sin.
—In any action for libel or slander the defendant may give evidence in mitigation of damages that the plaintiff has recovered damages, or has brought actions for damages, for libel or slander n respect of the publication of words to the same effect as the words on which the action is founded, or has received or agreed to receive compensation in respect of any such publication.
#1152577
(5) Má fhoilsíonn daoine éagsúla an leabhal nó an clúmhilleadh céanna nó an bhréag dhíobhálach chéanna nó a leithéid chéanna, go substaintiúil, de leabhal, de chlúmhilleadh nó de bhréag dhíobhálach, cuirfidh an chúirt san áireamh a mhéid is dócha a foilsíodh go díreach nó go neamhdhíreach do na daoine céanna an ráiteas a bheidh i gceist, agus sa mhéid sin féadfaidh sí a chinneadh gurb éagóiritheoirí comhthráthacha na héagóiritheoirí.
(5) Where the same or substantially the same libel or slander or injurious falsehood is published by different persons, the court shall take into consideration the extent to which it is probable that the statement in question was published directly or indirectly to the same persons, and to that extent may find the wrongdoers to be concurrent wrongdoers.
#1152075
An giúiré a bheith inniúil chun fíorasc ginearálta a thabhairt i dtriail ar dhíotáil mar gheall ar leabhal.
Competence of jury to give general verdict on trial of indictment for libel.
#1152083
Pléadáil gurbh fhíor na hábhair a cúisíodh i dtriail mar gheall ar leabhal clúmhillteach agus gurbh é leas an phobail iad a fhoilsiú.
Plea of truth of matters charged on trial for defamatory libel and that publication was for public benefit.
#1152106
—Féadfaidh Breitheamh den Chúirt Dúiche, ar chúiseamh a éisteacht i gcoinne dílseánaigh, foilsitheora, eagarthóra nó aon duine atá freagrach i bhfoilsiú páipéir nuachta mar gheall ar leabhal a foilsíodh ann, fianaise a ghlacadh i dtaobh an foilsiú a bheith chun leasa an phobail, i dtaobh na hábhair a cúisíodh sa leabhal a bheith fíor, i dtaobh an tuairisc a bheith cothrom agus cruinn agus arna foilsiú gan mhailís agus i dtaobh aon ní a d'fhéadfadh an duine a cúisíodh a thabhairt i bhfianaise mar chosaint, faoin Acht seo nó faoi aon Acht eile nó in aon slí eile, ina thriail ar dhíotáil, agus más é tuairim an Bhreithimh, tar éis an fhianaise sin a éisteacht, go bhfuil toimhde láidir nó toimhde dhóchúil ann go ndéanfadh an giúire ar an triail an duine a cúisíodh a éigiontú, féadfaidh sé an cás a dhíbheadh.
—A Justice of the District Court, upon the hearing of a charge against a proprietor, publisher or editor or any person responsible for the publication of a newspaper for a libel published therein, may receive evidence as to the publication being for the public benefit, as to the matters charged in the libel being true, as to the report being fair and accurate and published without malice and as to any matter which, under this or any other Act or otherwise, might be given in evidence by way of defence by the person charged on his trial on indictment, and the Justice, if, of opinion after hearing such evidence that there is a strong or probable presumption that the jury on the trial would acquit the person charged, may dismiss the case.
#1152137
Lch. Roimhe Seo (CUID II Imeachtaí Coiriúla mar gheall ar Leabhal)
Previous (PART II CRIMINAL PROCEEDINGS OF LIBEL)
#1152085
—Sa triail ar aon díotáil mar gheall ar leabhal clúmhillteach, i gcás an duine a cúisíodh do dhéanamh pléadáil mar a luaitear anseo ina dhiaidh seo, féadfar fírinne na n-ábhar a cúisíodh a fhiosrú ach ní bheidh sin in ionannas le cosaint, murarbh é leas an phobail é go ndéanfaí na hábhair sin a cúisíodh a fhoilsiú;
—On the trial of any indictment for a defamatory libel, the person charged having pleaded such plea as hereinafter mentioned, the truth of the matters charged may be inquired into but shall not amount to a defence, unless it was for the public benefit that the said matters charged should be published;
#1152094
(c) nach gcuirfidh aon ní san alt seo ó chion aon chosaint, ná nach ndéanfaidh dochar d'aon chosaint, faoin bpléadáil neamhchiontachta a mbeidh an duine a cúisíodh inniúil ar a déanamh faoin bpléadáil sin in aon díotáil mar gheall ar leabhal clúmhillteach.
( c ) nothing in this section shall take away or prejudice any defence under the plea of not guilty which it is competent to the person charged to make under such plea to any indictment for defamatory libel.
#1152098
—Aon uair a tharlóidh, i dtriail ar dhíotáil mar gheall ar leabhal a fhoilsiú, a ndearnadh pléadáil neamhchiontachta a thaifeadadh ina leith, go dtabharfar fianaise a shuífidh i gcoinne an duine a cúisíodh toimhde go ndearnadh an foilsiú trí ghníomh aon duine eile le húdarás uaidh, beidh an duine a cúisíodh inniúil ar a chruthú gur gan údarás ná toiliú uaidh nó gur i ganfhios dó a rinneadh an foilsiú agus nach trí easpa cúraim nó aireachais mar ba chuí aige féin a tharla sé.
—Whenever, upon the trial of an indictment for the publication of a libel, a plea of not guilty having been entered, evidence is given establishing a presumption of publication against the person charged by the act of any other person by his authority, it shall be competent for the person charged to prove that the publication was made without his authority, consent or knowledge and that the publication did not arise from want of due care or caution on his part.
#1152102
—Ní thosófar aon ionchúiseamh coiriúil i gcoinne aon dílseánaigh, foilsitheora nó eagarthóra ná i gcoinne aon duine atá freagrach i bhfoilsiú páipéir nuachta mar gheall ar aon leabhal a foilsíodh ann gan ordú ó Bhreitheamh den Ard-Chúirt ina shuí in camera a bheith tugtha agus faighte roimh ré, agus déanfar gach iarratas ar ordú den sórt sin ar fhógra a thabhairt don duine cúisithe, agus tabharfar caoi dósan éisteacht a fháil i gcoinne an iarratais.
—No criminal prosecution stall be commenced against any proprietor, publisher, editor or any person responsible for the publication of a newspaper for any libel published therein without the order of a Judge of the High Court sitting in camera being first had and obtained, and every application for such order shall be made on notice to the person accused, who shall have an opportunity of being heard against the application.
#1152114
—Gach duine a fhoilseoidh go mailíseach aon leabhal clúmhillteach dlífear, ar a chiontú ann ar dhíotáil, fíneáil nach mó ná dhá chéad punt a chur air nó príosúnacht go ceann téarma nach faide ná bliain nó an fhíneáil sin agus an phríosúnacht sin le chéile.
—Every person who maliciously publishes any defamatory libel shall, on conviction thereof on indictment, be liable to a fine not exceeding two hundred pounds or to imprisonment for a term not exceeding one year or to both such fine and imprisonment.
#1152118
—Gach duine a fhoilseoidh go mailíseach aon leabhal clúmhillteach, agus a fhios aige é a bheith bréagach dlífear, ar a chiontú ann ar dhíotáil, fíneáil nach mó ná cúig chéad punt nó príosúnacht go ceann téarma nach faide ná dhá bhliain nó an fhíneáil sin agus an phríosúnacht sin le chéile a chur air.
—Every person who maliciously publishes any defamatory libel, knowing the same to be false, shall, on conviction thereof on indictment, be liable to a fine not exceeding five hundred pounds or to imprisonment for a term not exceeding two years or to both such fine and imprisonment.
#1152122
—(1) Gach duine a chumfaidh, a chlóbhuailfidh nó a fhoilseoidh aon leabhal diamhaslach nó graosta dlífear, ar a chiontú ann ar dhíotáil, fíneáil nach mó ná cúig chéad punt nó príosúnacht go ceann téarma nach faide ná dhá bhliain nó an fhíneáil sin agus an phríosúnacht sin le chéile nó pianseirbhís go ceann téarma nach faide ná seacht mbliana a chur air.
—(1) Every person who composes, prints or publishes any blasphemous or obscene libel shall, on conviction thereof on indictment, be liable to a fine not exceeding five hundred pounds or imprisonment for a term not exceeding two years or to both fine and imprisonment or to penal servitude for a term not exceeding seven years.
#1152128
(c) Más rud é, in aon chás den sórt sin, go ndéanfar an ciontú a neamhniú de thoradh achomhairc, déanfar aon chóipeanna den leabhal a urghabhadh faoi ordú faoi mhír (a) den fho-alt seo a thabhairt ar ais saor ó mhuirear don duine nó do na daoine ónar urghabhadh iad.
( c ) If, in any such case, the conviction is quashed on appeal, any copies of the libel seized under an order under paragraph (a)of this subsection shall be returned free of charge to the person or persons from whom they were seized.
#1152130
(d) Más rud é, in aon chás den sórt sin, nach dtaiscfear achomharc nó go ndaingneofar an ciontú de thoradh achomhairc, déanfar, ar iarratas ó chomhalta den Gharda Síochána chun na cúirte a rinne an t-ordú sin, aon chóipeanna den leabhal a urghabhadh faoi ordú faoi mhír (a) den fho-alt seo a dhiúscairt i cibé slí a ordóidh an chúirt sin.
( d ) Where, in any such case, an appeal is not lodged or the conviction is confirmed on appeal, any copies of the libel seized under an order under paragraph (a)of this subsection shall, on the application of a member of the Garda Síochána to the court which made such order, be disposed of in such manner as such court may direct.
#1152195
(a) má ghlacann an páirtí éagóraithe leis an tairiscint agus go gcomhlíonfar í go cuí, ní thionscnóidh an páirtí sin aon imeachtaí, ná ní leanfaidh sé d'aon imeachtaí, mar gheall ar leabhal nó clúmhilleadh i gcoinne an duine a rinne an tairiscint maidir leis an bhfoilsiú a bheidh i gceist (ach gan dochar d'aon chúis chaingne i gcoinne aon duine eile a bhí freagrach i gcomhpháirt san fhoilsiú sin);
( a ) if the offer is accepted by the party aggrieved and is duly performed, no proceedings for libel or slander shall be taken or continued by that party against the person making the offer in respect of the publication in question (but without prejudice to any cause of action against any other person jointly responsible for that publication);
#1152197
(b) mura nglacfaidh an páirtí éagóraithe leis an tairiscint, ansin, ach amháin mar a fhoráiltear a mhalairt leis an alt seo, is cosaint é, in aon imeachtaí aige mar gheall ar leabhal nó clúmhilleadh i gcoinne an duine a rinne an tairiscint maidir leis an bhfoilsiú a bheidh i gceist, a chruthú gur go neamhurchóideach a rinne an cosantóir na focail a gearánadh a fhoilsiú maidir leis an ngearánaí agus go ndearnadh an tairiscint a luaithe ab fhéidir tar éis don chosantóir fógra a fháil go raibh siad nó go bhféadfaidís a bheith ina gclúmhilleadh ar an ngearánaí, agus nár tarraingíodh siar an tairiscint.
( b ) if the offer is not accepted by the party aggrieved, then, except as otherwise provided by this section, it shall be a defence, in any proceedings by him for libel or slander against the person making the offer in respect of the publication in question, to prove that the words complained of were published by the defendant innocently in relation to the plaintiff and that the offer was made as soon as practicable after the defendant received notice that they were or might be defamatory of the plaintiff, and has not been withdrawn.
#1152232
—I gcaingean mar gheall ar leabhal nó clúmhilleadh i leith focail ina mbeidh dhá chúiseamh ar leithligh nó níos mó i gcoinne an ghearánaí, ní chlisfidh cosaint fhírinnithe de dhroim amháin nach gcruthófar fírinne gach cúisimh, más rud é nach ndéanfaidh na focail nár cruthaíodh a bheith fíor díobháil ábhartha do chlú an ghearánaí ag féachaint d'fhírinne na gcúiseamh eile.
—In an action for libel or slander in respect of words containing two or more distinct charges against the plaintiff, a defence of justification shall not fail by reason only that the truth of every charge is not proved, if the words not proved to be true do not materially injure the plaintiff's reputation having regard to the truth of the remaining charges.
#1152236
—I gcaingean mar gheall ar leabhal nó clúmhilleadh i leith focail a bheidh go páirteach ina líomhaintí fíorais agus go páirteach ina nochtadh tuairime, ní chlisfidh cosaint gurbh imchaint dhlisteanach a bhí iontu ar an aon chúis nár cruthaíodh gach líomhain fíorais, más imchaint dhlisteanach an nochtadh tuairme ag féachaint don méid a cruthaíodh de na fíorais a líomhnaíodh nó dar tagraíodh sna focail a gearánadh.
—In an action for libel or slander in respect of words consisting partly of allegations of fact and partly of expression of opinion, a defence of fair comment shall not fail by reason only that the truth of every allegation of fact is not proved, if the expression of opinion is fair comment having regard to such of the facts alleged or referred to in the words complained of as are proved.
#1152242
(2) I gcaingean mar gheall ar leabhal i leith foilsiú nó craoladh aon tuairisce nó ábhair den sórt a luaitear i gCuid II den Dara Sceideal a ghabhann leis an Acht seo, ní cosaint iad forálacha an ailt seo má chruthaítear gur iarr an gearánaí ar an gcosantóir ráiteas réasúnach mar mhíniú nó mar bhréagnú a fhoilsiú sa pháipéar nuachta ina ndearnadh an foilsiú bunaidh nó a chraoladh ón stáisiún craolacháin óna ndearnadh an craoladh bunaidh, cibé acu é, agus gur dhiúltaigh nó gur fhailligh sé é sin a dhéanamh, nó go ndearna sé é ar chuma nár leor nó nach raibh réasúnach ag féachaint do na himthosca uile.
(2) In an action for libel in respect of the publication or broadcasting of any such report or matter as is mentioned in Part II of the Second Schedule to this Act, the provisions of this section shall not be a defence if it is proved that the defendant has been requested by the plaintiff to publish in the newspaper in which the original publication was made or to broadcast from the broadcasting station from which the original broadcast was made, whichever is the case, a reasonable statement by way of explanation or contradiction, and has refused or neglected to do so, or has done so in a manner not adequate or not reasonable having regard to all the circumstances.
#1152250
—Ní neamhdhleathach do chomhaontú chun aon duine a shlánú i gcoinne dliteanais shibhialta mar gheall ar leabhal maidir le foilsiú aon ábhair, murab eol don duine sin tráth an fhoilsithe gurbh ábhar clúmhillteach é, agus nach gcreideann sé go réasúnach go bhfuil cosaint mhaith ann ar aon chaingean a thionscnófaí mar gheall air.
—An agreement for indemnifying any person against civil ability for libel in respect of the publication of any matter shall not be unlawful unless at the time of the publication that person knows that the matter is defamatory, and does not reasonably believe there is a good defence to any action brought upon it.
#1152616
(6) Más rud é, i gcaingean mar gheall ar leabhal nó clúmhilleadh, go mbeadh duine amháin de líon tortóirí comhthráthacha i dteideal, dá mba thortóir aonair é, maolú ar na damáistí is iníoctha aige ach nach mbeadh sé sin de theideal ag duine eile de na tortóirí sin, beidh an tortóir céadluaite sin i dteideal an mhaolaithe sin ar dhamáistí agus ní bheidh sé inordaithe chun ranníoc a dhéanamh ach amháin i leith an méid damáistí is iníoctha aige;
(6) Where, in an action for libel or slander, one of concurrent tortfeasors would have been entitled to a mitigation of the damages payable by him had he been a single tortfeasor, but another of the said tortfeasors would not have been so entitled, the first-mentioned tortfeasor shall be entitled to the said mitigation of damages and shall not be compellable to make contribution except in respect of the amount of damages payable by him ;
#1266909
“(i) i gconradh, sárú conartha, tort (ach amháin béadchaint, leabhal, caidreamh collaí, meabhlú, clúmhilleadh teidil, ionchúiseamh mailíseach agus príosúnú neamhdhleathach) agus in éilimh ar dhamáistí nach mbaineann le conradh, mura mó an t-éileamh ná £250:
"(i) in contract, breach of contract, tort (except slander, libel, criminal conversation, seduction, slander of title, malicious prosecution and false imprisonment) and claims for damages unconnected with contract, where the claim does not exceed £250
#1378994
“(i) i gconradh, sárú conartha, tort (ach amháin béadchaint, leabhal, caidreamh collaí, meabhiú, clúmhilleadh teidil, ionchúiseamh mailíseach agus príosúnú neamhdhleathach) agus in éilimh ar dhamáistí nach mbaineann le conradh, mura mó an t-éileamh ná £2,500:
"(i) in contract, breach of contract, tort (except slander, libel, criminal conversation, seduction, slander of title, malicious prosecution and false imprisonment) and claims for damages unconnected with contract, where the claim does not exceed £2,500:
#1700729
I gcaingne i leith leabhail nó béadchainte, nach ndéanfaidh an cosantóir, lena chosaint, fírinne an ráitis a mbeidh gearán déanta faoi a dhearbhú iontu, ní bheidh an cosantóir i dteideal, sa triail, príomhfhianaise a thabhairt, d'fhonn damáistí a mhaolú, i dtaobh na n-imthosca faoina mbeifear tar éis an leabhal nó an bhéadchaint a fhoilsiú, nó i dtaobh charachtar an ghearánaí, gan cead ón mBreitheamh, mura mbeidh sonraí tugtha aige don ghearánaí, seacht lá ar a laghad roimh an triail, faoi na hábhair a mbeidh ar intinn aige fianaise a thabhairt ina dtaobh.
In actions for libel or slander, in which the defendant does not by his defence assert the truth of the statement complained of, the defendant shall not be entitled on the trial to give evidence in chief, with a view to mitigation of damages, as to the circumstances under which the libel or slander was published, or as to the character of the plaintiff, without the leave of the Judge, unless seven days at least before the trial he furnished particulars to the plaintiff of the matters as to which he intends giving evidence.