#1731962
ciallaíonn “cairtéal rúnda” cairtéal a bhfuil a láithreacht ceilte go páirteach nó go hiomlán;
‘secret cartel’ means a cartel, the existence of which is partially or wholly concealed;
Scag na torthaí
Bailiúcháin
19 toradh in 5 dhoiciméad
#1759845
Ar an dóigh chéanna, na daoine arb eol dó go bhfuil cairtéal ann nó an chaoi a bhfeidhmíonn cairtéal, nó sárú de shórt eile ar an dlí in aghaidh trustaí, ba cheart na daoine sin a spreagadh le faisnéis a thabhairt. Bealach amháin le sin a dhéanamh is ea modhanna iontaofa rúnda a chur ar fáil le tuairisciú a dhéanamh.
Similarly, individuals who have knowledge of the existence or functioning of a cartel or other types of antitrust violations should be encouraged to provide that information, e.g. including through the establishment of reliable and confidential reporting channels.
#1731857
Dá réir sin, laghdaítear éifeacht an gníomhaíochta forfheidhmiúcháin iomaíochta san Aontas toisc nach féidir an oiread céanna cairtéal rúnda a bhrath.
This in turn can lead to less effective competition enforcement in the Union, as fewer secret cartels are uncovered.
#1731863
Ní gá go mbeadh gach gné den iompar rúnda, le gur féidir a mheas gur cairtéal rúnda atá i gcairtéal.
For a cartel to be considered a secret cartel, not all aspects of the conduct need to be secret.
#1759982
Dá réir sin, laghdaítear éifeacht an gníomhaíochta forfheidhmiúcháin iomaíochta san Aontas toisc nach féidir an oiread céanna cairtéal rúnda a bhrath.
This in turn can lead to less effective competition enforcement in the Union, as fewer secret cartels are uncovered.
#2632716
I mí na Nollag 2021, ghearr an Coimisiún pionós ar an tríú cairtéal sa mhargadh airgeadraí spot-trádála.
In December 2021, the Commission sanctioned a third cartel in the Foreign Exchange spot trading market.
#1731864
Go háirithe, féadfar a mheas gur cairtéal rúnda atá i gcairtéal nuair atá eilimintí ann, nach eol don phobal ná do na custaiméirí ná do na soláthróirí, a fhágann gur deacra atá sé a fhairsinge atá an t-iompar a bhrath.
In particular, a cartel can be considered a secret cartel when elements of the cartel which make the full extent of the conduct more difficult to detect are not known to the public or the customers or suppliers.
#1731880
Iarratasóirí a rinne iarratas ar thrócaire chuig an gCoimisiún i dtaca le cairtéal rúnda líomhnaithe, ba cheart dóibh a bheith in ann iarratais achoimre do ÚINanna i dtaca leis an gcairtéal sin a chur isteach, ar choinníoll go gcumhdaítear leis an iarratas chuig an gCoimisiún níos mó ná trí cinn de na Ballstáit ó thaobh críocha dá ndéantar difear.
Applicants which have applied for leniency to the Commission in relation to an alleged secret cartel should be able to submit summary applications to NCAs in relation to the same cartel, provided that the application to the Commission covers more than three Member States as affected territories.
#1731882
De bhíthin an chórais maidir le hiarratais achoimre, is ceart go mbeadh cuideachtaí in ann iarratas ar thrócaire a chur isteach chuig ÚINanna ar bhonn na faisnéise teoranta, i gcás inar tugadh iarratas iomlán don Choimisiún maidir le cairtéal líomhnaithe.
The summary application system should allow undertakings to submit a leniency application to NCAs containing a limited set of information where a full application has been submitted to the Commission in relation to such an alleged cartel.
#1731887
Is éard is aidhm leis an gcóras maidir le hiarratais achoimre an t-ualach riaracháin atá ar iarratasóirí a laghdú a chuireann iarratas ar thrócaire chuig an gCoimisiún maidir le cairtéal rúnda líomhnaithe lena gcumhdaítear níos mó ná trí cinn de na Ballstáit ó thaobh críocha dá ndéantar difear.
The aim of the system of summary applications is to reduce the administrative burden on applicants which submit a leniency application to the Commission in relation to an alleged secret cartel that covers more than three Member States as affected territories.
#1731903
De mhaolú air sin, ionas gur féidir a áirithiú go bhfuil an chosaint ar smachtbhannaí atá le forchur ar dhaoine aonair in imeachtaí cóiriúla i gcomhréir le bunphrionsabail a gcórais dlí, d'fhéadfadh na Ballstáit foráil a dhéanamh go bhfuil na húdaráis inniúla in ann rogha a dhéanamh idir cosaint ar smachtbhannaí nó na smachtbhannaí a mhaolú amháin agus an leas maidir leis na daoine aonair sin a ionchúiseamh agus/nó smachtbhannaí a chur ar an duine aonair agus rannchuidiú an duine aonair ó thaobh an cairtéal a bhrath agus a imscrúdú a chur sa mheá.
By way of derogation, in order to ensure that the protection from sanctions to be imposed on individuals in criminal proceedings is in conformity with the existing basic principles of their legal system, Member States might provide that the competent authorities are able to choose between protecting the individual from sanctions or only mitigating those sanctions, depending on the outcome of weighing the interest in prosecuting and/or sanctioning the individual against the individual's contribution to the detection and investigation of the cartel.
#1731961
ciallaíonn “cairtéal” comhaontú nó cleachtas comhbheartaithe idir dhá iomaitheoir nó níos mó arb é is aidhm dó a n-iompraíocht iomaíoch sa mhargadh a chomhordú nó dul i gcion ar pharaiméadair ábhartha iomaíochta trí chleachtais amhail, ach gan a bheith teoranta don mhéid seo a leanas, praghsanna ceannaigh nó díola nó coinníollacha eile trádála, lena n-áirítear i ndáil le cearta maoine intleachtúla, a shocrú nó a chomhordú; cuótaí táirgeachta nó díolacháin a leithdháileadh; margaí agus custaiméirí, a pháirtiú, lena n-áirítear camastaíl tairiscintí; srianta a chur le hallmhairí nó le honnmhairí; nó gníomhartha frithiomaíocha a dhéanamh in aghaidh iomaitheoirí eile;
‘cartel’ means an agreement or concerted practice between two or more competitors aimed at coordinating their competitive behaviour on the market or influencing the relevant parameters of competition through practices such as, but not limited to, the fixing or coordination of purchase or selling prices or other trading conditions, including in relation to intellectual property rights, the allocation of production or sales quotas, the sharing of markets and customers, including bid-rigging, restrictions of imports or exports or anti-competitive actions against other competitors;
#1759634
D'fhéadfadh sé go ndéanfadh gníomhaíocht forfheidhmiúcháin ag an údarás iomaíochta náisiúnta i mBallstát amháin dul i bhfeidhm ar an iomaíocht, ar ghnólachtaí agus ar thomhaltóirí i mBallstáit eile, e.g. is gnách go ndéanann cairtéal náisiúnta iomaitheoirí as Ballstáit eile a eisiamh óna mhargadh féin.
Enforcement action by the NCA of one Member State may impact on competition, businesses and consumers in other Member States, e.g. a national-wide cartel typically excludes competitors from other Member States.
#1759986
Ba cheart a mheas gur sholáthair gnóthas don údarás iomaíochta náisiúnta fianaise i ndáil le cairtéal rúnda lenar cumasaíodh dó sárú ar Airteagal 101 CFAE a aimsiú i gcás nach raibh fianaise leordhóthanach ag an údarás sin chun sárú ar Airteagal 101 CFAE a aimsiú i dtaca leis an gcairtéal céanna tráth a chuir an gnóthas fianaise den sórt sin isteach.
Undertakings should be deemed to have provided a national competition authority with evidence in respect of a secret cartel which enables the finding of an infringement of Article 101 TFEU if that national competition authority did not have sufficient evidence to find an infringement of Article 101 TFEU in connection with the same cartel at the time of the submission by the undertaking of such evidence.
#1759989
Iarratasóirí a rinne iarratas ar thrócaire chuig an gCoimisiún Eorpach i dtaca le cairtéal rúnda líomhnaithe, ba cheart dóibh bheith in ann iarratais achoimre i dtaca leis an gcairtéal sin a chur isteach chuig na ÚINanna a mheasann siad a bheith cuí.
Applicants which have applied for leniency to the European Commission in relation to an alleged secret cartel should be able to file summary applications in relation to the same cartel to the NCAs that they deem appropriate.
#1760040
ciallaíonn ‘cairtéal rúnda’ comhaontú agus/nó cleachtas comhbheartaithe idir dhá iomaitheoir nó níos mó arb é is aidhm dó a niompraíocht iomaíoch sa mhargadh a chomhordú agus/nó dul i gcion ar pharaiméadair ábhartha iomaíochta trí chleachtais amhail praghsanna ceannaigh nó díola nó coinníollacha eile trádála a shocrú; cuótaí táirgeachta nó díolacháin a leithdháileadh; margaí a pháirtiú, lena náirítear rigeáil tairiscintí; srianta a chur le hallmhairí nó le honnmhairí agus/nó gníomhartha frithiomaíocha a dhéanamh in aghaidh iomaitheoirí eile; ar gníomhaíocht í nach bhfuil ach na rannpháirtithe eolach uirthi i bpáirt nó ina hiomláine;
̔secret cartel̕ means an agreement and/or concerted practice between two or more competitors aimed at coordinating their competitive behaviour on the market and/or influencing the relevant parameters of competition through practices such as the fixing of purchase or selling prices or other trading conditions, the allocation of production or sales quotas, the sharing of markets including bid-rigging, restrictions of imports or exports and/or anti-competitive actions against other competitors, which is not, partially or fully, known except to the participants;
#1760183
Iarratasóirí a dhéanfaidh iarratas ar thrócaire chuig an gCoimisiún trí iarratas a dhéanamh ar mharcóir nó trí iarratas iomlán a chur isteach i dtaca le cairtéal rúnda líomhnaithe, áiritheoidh na Ballstáit go bhféadfaidh siad iarratais achoimre i dtaca leis an gcairtéal sin a chur isteach chuig na húdaráis iomaíochta náisiúnta a mheasfaidh an tiarratasóir a bheith in ann déileáil leis an gcás.
Member States shall ensure that applicants that have applied for leniency, either by applying for a market or by submitting a full application, to the Commission in relation to an alleged secret cartel can file summary applications in relation to the same cartel with the national competition authorities which the applicant considers well placed to deal with the case.
#2070336
Ar a bharr sin, mhaígh SABIC, gan fianaise, gur féidir gur tháinig na corrlaigh bhrabúsachta a chláraigh tionscal an Aontais in 2017 agus 2018 maidir le díolacháin laistigh den Aontas le custaiméirí neamhghaolmhara as an gcairtéal a bhí ar bun go dtí 2017 agus, dá bhrí sin, nárbh iomchuí corrlach brabúis 18 % a úsáid le haghaidh na hanailíse ar an ngearrdhíol praghais, ós rud é go bhfuil an bhrabúsacht sin bunaithe ar uimhreacha ó 2016 nuair a bhí an cairtéal faoi lánseol.
Furthermore, SABIC claimed, without evidence, that the high profitability margins registered by the Union industry in 2017 and 2018 on domestic sales to unrelated customers might have been a consequence of the cartel that was in place until 2017 and therefore it would not be appropriate to use a profit margin of 18 % for the underselling analysis, given that this profitability is based on 2016 numbers when the cartel was in full stream.
#2152903
Sna barúlacha a thug sé tar éis an nochta dheiridh, d’athdhearbhaigh SABIC a mhaíomh, gan aon ghné nua a chur ar fáil, go raibh an brabús a úsáideadh chun an spriocphraghas a chinneadh ró-ard le haghaidh thráchtearra agus go raibh sé bunaithe ar thréimhse ina raibh cairtéal ceannaigh eitiléine i bhfeidhm.
In their comments following final disclosure, SABIC reiterated their claim, without providing any new elements, that the profit used to determine the target price was too high for a commodity and was based on a period during which an ethylene purchase cartel was in operation.