INDUSTRY|chemistry|chemical industry
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- ga
- chain polymerization | chain extending
- en
- Definition chain reaction in which the growth of a polymer chain proceeds exclusively by reaction(s) between monomer(s) and reactive site(s) on the polymer chain with regeneration of the reactive site(s) at the end of each growth step Reference "IUPAC. Compendium of Chemical Terminology, 2nd ed. (the ""Gold Book""). Compiled by A. D. McNaught and A. Wilkinson. Blackwell Scientific Publications, Oxford (1997). XML on-line corrected version: http://goldbook.iupac.org (2006-) created by M. Nic, J. Jirat, B. Kosata; updates compiled by A. Jenkins. ISBN 0-9678550-9-8. http://goldbook.iupac.org/C00958.html [3.5.2010]"
- Comment 1. A chain polymerization consists of initiation and propagation reactions, and may also include termination and chain transfer reactions.2. The adjective 'chain' in 'chain polymerization' denotes a 'chain reaction' rather than a 'polymer chain'.3. Propagation in chain polymerization usually occurs without the formation of small molecules. However, cases exist where a low-molar-mass by-product is formed, as in the polymerization of oxazolidine-2,5-diones derived from amino acids (commonly termed amino-acid N-carboxy anhydrides). When a low-molar-mass by-product is formed, the adjective 'condensative' is recommended to give the term condensative chain polymerization.4. The growth steps are expressed by:P x + M → P x + 1 ( + L ) { x } ∈ { 1 , 2 , ... ∞ }where Px denotes the growing chain of degree of polymerization x, M a monomer and L a low-molar-mass by-product formed in the case of condensative chain polymerization.5. The term 'chain polymerization' may be qualified further, if necessary, to specify the type of chemical reactions involved in the growth step, e.g. ring-opening chain polymerization, cationic chain polymerization.6. There exist, exceptionally, some polymerizations that proceed via chain reactions that, according to the definition, are not chain polymerizations.