SOCIAL QUESTIONS|health|illness
- céim ailse Tagairt Faomhadh an téarma seo mar chuid de Thionscadal Lex
- ga
- cancer stage
- en
- Sainmhíniú measure of how much a cancer has grown and spread Tagairt "National Cancer Registration and Analysis Service. 'Survival by stage' (27.5.2020)"
- Nóta "Cancer staging can be divided into a clinical stage and a pathologic stage. In the TNM (Tumor, Node, Metastasis) system, clinical stage and pathologic stage are denoted by a small ""c"" or ""p"" before the stage (e.g., cT3N1M0 or pT2N0). This staging system is used for most forms of cancer, except brain tumors and hematological malignancies. Clinical stage is based on all of the available information obtained before a surgery to remove the tumor. This stage may include information about the tumor obtained by physical examination, blood tests, radiologic examination, biopsy, and endoscopy. Pathologic stage adds additional information gained by examination of the tumor microscopically by a pathologist after it has been surgically removed. Because they use different criteria, clinical stage and pathologic stage often differ. Pathologic staging is usually considered to be more accurate because it allows direct examination of the tumor in its entirety, contrasted with clinical staging which is limited by the fact that the information is obtained by making indirect observations of a tumor which is still in the body. However, clinical staging and pathologic staging often complement each other. Not every tumor is treated surgically, so pathologic staging is not always available. Also, sometimes surgery is preceded by other treatments such as chemotherapy and radiation therapy which shrink the tumor, so the pathologic stage may underestimate the true stage."
- stade du cancer
- fr
- Sainmhíniú état d'avancement du cancer Tagairt "COM-FR d'après: Institut universitaire de cardiologie et de pneumologie de Québec – Université Laval » Soins et services » Usagers » Oncologie thoracique » Qu’est-ce que le cancer du poumon? (15.7.2020)"
- Nóta Une description par stade reposant sur l'étendue et le volume de la tumeur est parfois utilisée. Elle distingue quatre stades :le stade 1 qui correspond à une tumeur unique et de petite taille,le stade 2 qui correspond à un volume local plus important,le stade 3 qui correspond à un envahissement des ganglions lymphatiques ou des tissus avoisinants,le stade 4 qui correspond à une extension plus large dans l'organisme sous forme de métastases.