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69 results

  2. SCIENCE|natural and applied sciences|life sciences

    #645567

    IATE #3524262
    briseadh agus athaontú Reference Faomhadh an téarma seo mar chuid de Thionscadal Lex
    ga
    Bruch und Reunion
    de
    breakage and reunion | DNA
    en
    Definition "classical model of crossing over by means of physical breakage and crossways reunion of completed chromatids during the process of meiosis [ IATE:1254621 ]" Reference "The Free Dictionary http://encyclopedia2.thefreedictionary.com/breakage+and+reunion [12.8.2010]"
    cassure et réunion
    fr
  3. SOCIAL QUESTIONS|health · SCIENCE|natural and applied sciences|life sciences|biology|genetics · INDUSTRY|chemistry

    #677100

    IATE #1073333
    aigéad dí-ocsairibeanúicléasach Reference Faomhadh an téarma seo mar chuid de Thionscadal Lex
    ga
    ADN Reference "Vicipéid (17.2.2025)"
    ga
    DNA Reference Faomhadh an téarma seo mar chuid de Thionscadal Lex
    ga
    Desoxyribonucleinsäure | DNA | DNS
    de
    Definition Diejenige Substanz, in der in den meisten Organismen die Erbinformationen codiert sind, die bei jeder Zellteilung an die Tochterzellen weitergegeben werden. Sie ist damit für die Struktur und physiologischen und biochemischen Charakteristika fast aller lebender Organismen verantwortlich. Reference Knippers R.,Molekulare Genetik,Georg Thieme Verlag,Stuttgart
    deoxyribonucleic acid | DNA
    en
    Definition "polymer of subunits called deoxyribonucleotides which is the primary genetic material of a cell, the material equivalent to genetic information" Reference Rieger R., Michaelis A., Green M.M., Glossary of Classical and Molecular Genetics
    Comment "One of the two types of nucleic acid, the other being ribonucleic acid."
    acide désoxyribonucléique | ADN
    fr
    Definition le plus important des acides nucléiques naturels; son rôle est fondamental dans la vie et la reproduction cellulaires. ; L'ADN est le support de l'information génétique chez la grande majorité des formes vivantes. Cette information génétique est portée par de l'ARN chez certains virus, dont le VIH. Reference "Lehninger,p.305 ; < http://www.aventispasteur.com/french/media/kit_aids7.html > (11.3.2002)"
  4. SCIENCE|natural and applied sciences|life sciences

    #636186

    IATE #1878551
    aimpliúchán randamach de DNA polamorfach Reference Faomhadh an téarma seo mar chuid de Thionscadal Lex
    ga
    random amplification of polymorphic DNA | RAPD
    en
    Definition "type of PCR [ IATE:1431892 ] reaction, where the segments of DNA that are amplified are random (unknown to the scientist)" Reference "COM-EN, based on:Genes, Genomes, and Human Genetics. RAPD PCR http://avery.rutgers.edu/WSSP/StudentScholars/project/archives/onions/rapd.html [6.3.2012]"
    amplification aléatoire polymorphique de l'ADN | RAPD
    fr
  6. PRODUCTION, TECHNOLOGY AND RESEARCH|technology and technical regulations|biotechnology

    #617628

    IATE #1073550
    banc de DNA comhlántach Reference Faomhadh an téarma seo mar chuid de Thionscadal Lex
    ga
    cDNA-Bibliothek
    de
    cDNA library
    en
    Definition "type of gene library made using mRNA instead of DNA as the starting material" Reference "COM-Terminology Coordination, based on: Lesson: Plant and Soil Sciences eLibrary. Gene Cloning Part 1: The Mechanics of Recombinant DNA. Page 15: cDNA library (7.4.2021)"
    Comment "A cDNA library is smaller than a gene library and especially it lacks intron sequences."
    banque d'ADNc
    fr
    Definition Les molécules d'ADNc sont integrées dans un plasmide qui pénètre dans l'hôte qui se divise, multipliant les séquences en un grand nombre de copies (clonage).Une banque d'ADNc sera représentative des séquences d'ARNc exprimées dans la cellule-type dont elle est dérivée Reference Génétique,p.220
  7. SCIENCE|natural and applied sciences|life sciences|biology

    #653653

    IATE #3564175
    barrachódú DNA Reference "Rialachán Tarmligthe (AE) 2021/1353 lena bhforlíontar Rialachán (AE) 2017/625 ó Pharlaimint na hEorpa agus ón gComhairle a mhéid a bhaineann leis na cásanna agus na coinníollacha faoina bhféadfaidh údaráis inniúla saotharlanna oifigiúla a ainmniú nach gcomhlíonann na coinníollacha maidir leis na modhanna ar fad a úsáideann siad le haghaidh rialuithe oifigiúla nó gníomhaíochtaí oifigiúla eile, CELEX:32021R1353/GA ;Faomhadh an téarma seo mar chuid de Thionscadal Lex"
    ga
    DNA-Barcoding
    de
    Definition Identifizierung einer Art anhand ihrer DNA-Sequens mittels Marker-Genen Reference "Deutsches Institut für Integrative Biodiversitätsforschung (iDiv): Nationales Monitoring-Zentrum für Biodiversität - Notwendigkeit, Aufgaben, Organisation - Internes iDiv Positionspapier (26.5.2021)"
    DNA barcoding
    en
    Definition system of species identification and discovery using a short section of DNA from a a 648 base-pair region in the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase 1 gene (“CO1”) Reference "COM-PL based on: International Barcode of Life > About > DNA barcoding (24.11.2021) "
    Comment That DNA sequence can be used to identify different species, in the same way a supermarket scanner uses a barcode to identify a purchase.
    codification de l'ADN en codes-barres | codage à barres de l'ADN | codification à barres de l'ADN
    fr
    Definition technique consistant, dans la grande majorité des cas, à séquencer le gène se trouvant dans le génome mitochondrial et codant pour une sous-unité de la cytochrome oxydase (COI), une enzyme impliquée dans la respiration Reference "COM-FR d'après Encyclopédie de l'environnement > Vivant > Biodiversité, adaptation et évolution > Code-barres ADN pour caractériser la biodiversité (8.11.2021) (03-02-2019)"
    Comment Ce gène a en effet la particularité d'être présent en grande quantité (dans chaque mitochondrie), ce qui est pratique lorsqu'il faut travailler sur de petits échantillons ou s'ils sont fortement dégradés et est, de plus, assez similaire chez les individus d'une même espèce, tout en montrant une forte variabilité interspécifique.
  10. SCIENCE|natural and applied sciences|life sciences|biology · PRODUCTION, TECHNOLOGY AND RESEARCH|technology and technical regulations|biotechnology

    #634456

    IATE #1684813
    briseadh déshnáithe DNA Reference Faomhadh an téarma seo mar chuid de Thionscadal Lex
    ga
    Spaltung der DNA
    de
    DNA cleavage
    en
    Definition reaction that severs one of the covalent sugar-phosphate linkages between nucleotides that compose the sugar phosphate backbone of DNA Reference "'DNA cleavage' (10.10.2022). MeSH. UMass Profiles"
    Comment It is catalyzed enzymatically, chemically or by radiation. Cleavage may be exonucleolytic - removing the end nucleotide, or endonucleolytic - splitting the strand in two.
    coupure de l'ADN
    fr
    Definition solution de continuité d'une molécule d'ADN double brin aboutissant à la formation de deux extrémités franches ou de deux extrémités cohésives Reference Dict.de génétique,CILF,1991
  11. PRODUCTION, TECHNOLOGY AND RESEARCH|technology and technical regulations|biotechnology

    #645949

    IATE #3527834
    clón Reference Faomhadh an téarma seo mar chuid de Thionscadal Lex
    ga
    clón DNA Reference Faomhadh an téarma seo mar chuid de Thionscadal Lex
    ga
    DNA clone | clone
    en
    Definition "any of a large number of copies of a gene or other piece of DNA created by DNA cloning" Reference "COM-Terminology Coordination, based on: New Zealand Government. Curious Minds. 'DNA cloning' (8.3.2021). Science Learning Hub – Pokapū Akoranga Pūtaiao © 2007-2021 The University of Waikato Te Whare Wānanga o Waikato"
  12. PRODUCTION, TECHNOLOGY AND RESEARCH|technology and technical regulations|biotechnology · SCIENCE|natural and applied sciences|life sciences|biology

    #617626

    IATE #1073545
    clónáil DNA Reference Faomhadh an téarma seo mar chuid de Thionscadal Lex
    ga
    DNS-Klonierung
    de
    Definition Der Einbau eines Gens oder DNA-Abschnittes in einen Klonierungsvektor und dessen anschließende Vermehrung in geeigneten Wirtszellen. Reference Umschau 13/79,p.417;Ibelgaufts H.,Gentechnologie von A bis Z,VCH,Weinheim
    DNA cloning
    en
    Definition recombinant DNA technique in which DNA fragments are inserted into a cloning vector, which then is incorporated into cultured host cells and maintained during growth of the host cells Reference "COM-Terminology Coordination, based on: - Lodish H, Berk A, Zipursky SL, et al. Molecular Cell Biology. 4th edition. New York: W. H. Freeman; 2000. 'Glossary' (8.3.2021).- New Zealand Government. Curious Minds. 'DNA cloning' (8.3.2021). Science Learning Hub – Pokapū Akoranga Pūtaiao © 2007-2021 The University of Waikato Te Whare Wānanga o Waikato"
    clonage de l'ADN
    fr
  13. SCIENCE|natural and applied sciences|life sciences

    #649372

    IATE #3545749
    cóimheastóir deimhneach ar eastóscadh DNA Reference Faomhadh an téarma seo mar chuid de Thionscadal Lex
    ga
    positive DNA-Extraktionskontrolle
    de
    positive DNA extraction control
    en
    Definition "positive control sample [ IATE:3510269 ] that is generated by performing all required steps in an extraction procedure with a sample containing known target DNA [ IATE:1073333 ]" Reference "ISO 21572:2004. Foodstuffs - Methods for the detection of genetically modified organisms and derived products - Protein based methods, cited in Definitions Document in Agricultural Biotechnology ISO/TC 34/SC 16 Horizontal methods for the detection of molecular biomarkers in: foods; seeds and propagules of food crops; commodity food crops; fruits; vegetables and derived foods (Molecular Biomarker Analysis), http://standardsproposals.bsigroup.com/Home/getPDF/364 [19.12.2012]"
    Comment "The positive DNA extraction control is used to demonstrate that the DNA extraction procedure has been performed in a manner that allows for extraction of sufficient amounts of target DNA so as to generate a positive result in polymerase chain reaction [ IATE:1431892 ]."
    témoin positif d'extraction de l'ADN
    fr
  14. PRODUCTION, TECHNOLOGY AND RESEARCH|technology and technical regulations|biotechnology

    #622033

    IATE #1200513
    comhstruchtúr DNA Reference Faomhadh an téarma seo mar chuid de Thionscadal Lex
    ga
    DNA construct | gene construct | construct
    en
    Definition "artificial assembly of DNA sequences, usually a gene1, inserted into a vector2 such as a plasmid3, and able to be transferred into a ""host"" cell that will incorporate the gene into its own genome41 gene [ IATE:1254664 ]2 vector [ IATE:1624779 ]3 plasmid [ IATE:1684610 ]4 genome [ IATE:1073540 ]" Reference "COM-Terminology Coordination, based on:Mouse Genome Informatics. MGI Glossary, http://www.informatics.jax.org/glossary/dna_construct [20.1.2014] & QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute. Glossary of research terms, http://www.qimr.edu.au/page/our_research/glossary_of_research_terms/ [20.1.2014]"
    Comment "Apart from the gene of interest itself, a so-called promoter1 (“starter”) and a terminator (“stop signal”) are required for expression. In most cases, additional sequences are included, e.g. marker genes2, which are also accompanied by a promoter and a terminator. The name “construct” is used because the sequences normally do not exist in this combination, but must be “put together” (constructed).1 promoter [ IATE:1073413 ]2 marker gene [ IATE:1096547 ]Reference: ""gene construct"". GMO Compass. Glossary, http://www.gmo-compass.org/eng/glossary/ [5.2.2014]"
    constituant du gène
    fr
  15. SCIENCE|natural and applied sciences|life sciences

    #646355

    IATE #3529296
    córas deisiúcháin DNA Reference Faomhadh an téarma seo mar chuid de Thionscadal Lex
    ga
    DNA-Reparatursystem | DNA-Reparaturmechanismus
    de
    Definition verschiedene biochemische Mechanismen, die mit Hilfe von Enzymen Schäden in der DNA beseitigen Reference "DocCheckFlexikon, s. v. „DNA-Reparatur“, http://flexikon.doccheck.com/de/DNA-Reparaturmechanismus (25.7.2017)"
    Comment Ohne diese Reparaturmechanismen, wäre eine fehlerfreie Replikation der DNA nicht möglich, insbesonders, da es während der Replikation ständig zu Fehlern durch die replizierenden Enzyme kommt.
    DNA repair system
    en
    Definition collection of processes for the identification and the repairing DNA errors and damage Reference "COM-EN, based on: What is DNA repair ? http://www.nih.gov/sigs/dna-rep/whatis.html [20.5.2011]"
    système de réparation de l'ADN
    fr
  16. SCIENCE|natural and applied sciences|life sciences

    #634593

    IATE #1686815
    deisiú DNA Reference Faomhadh an téarma seo mar chuid de Thionscadal Lex
    ga
    DNA-Reparatur
    de
    Definition Mechanismen zur Wiederherstellung der normalen DNA-Struktur (d.h. der genetischen Unversehrtheit), nach Beschädigung z.B. durch Toxine, UV- oder ionisierende Strahlung sowie spontane Bindungsspaltung (z.B. Spaltung glycosidischer Bindungen Reference "Lexikon der Biochemie. Spektrum Akademischer Verlag: Heidelberg, 1999, s. v. „DNA-Reparatur“, http://www.spektrum.de/lexikon/biochemie/dna-reparatur/1768 (24.10.2017)"
    DNA repair | process processes mechanism mechanims
    en
    Definition process by which a cell identifies and corrects damage to the DNA molecules that encode its genome Reference "COM-EN, based on: Wikipedia > DNA repair, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DNA_repair [7.5.2012]"
    Comment "The types of molecules involved and the mechanism of repair that is mobilized depend on the type of damage that has occurred and the phase of the cell cycle that the cell is in.- Direct reversal- Single strand damage, see IATE:1686845 - Double-strand breaks- Translesion synthesis"
    réparation de l'ADN
    fr
    Definition ensemble des processus qui permettent la reconstitution d'un duplex normal à partir de structures présentant des anomalies diverses, telles que des interruptions plus ou moins importantes dans la continuité de l'un des brins, la présence de brins surnuméraires ou des défauts de complémentarité Reference arrêté du 14/09/90 relatif à la terminologie du génie génétique,JORF 26/09/90
  17. SCIENCE|natural and applied sciences|life sciences

    #634598

    IATE #1686845
    deisiú DNA trí eisceadh Reference Faomhadh an téarma seo mar chuid de Thionscadal Lex
    ga
    deisiú trí eisceadh Reference Faomhadh an téarma seo mar chuid de Thionscadal Lex
    ga
    Reparatur der DNA durch Exzisionsresynthese
    de
    excision repair | excision repair process | excision and repair
    en
    Definition the single strand repair mechanism of DNA wherein the damaged segment is removed and subsequently replaced through DNA synthesis using the undamaged strand as a template Reference "COM-EN, based on:Hedgehog Signaling Glossary. Excision repair http://groups.molbiosci.northwestern.edu/holmgren/Glossary/Definitions/Def-E/excision_repair.html [1.3.2011]"
    Comment "These mechanisms include:- Base excision repair [ IATE:2109769 ] - Nucleotide excision repair- Mismatch repair [ IATE:1686084 ]"
    réparation de l'ADN par excision-resynthèse
    fr
    Definition système de réparation fidèle de l'ADN qui agit sur la lésion d'un seul brin de l'ADN double brin Reference Dict.de génétique,CILF,1991
  18. SCIENCE|natural and applied sciences|life sciences

    #634570

    IATE #1686084
    deisiú mímheaitseála Reference Faomhadh an téarma seo mar chuid de Thionscadal Lex
    ga
    deisiú mímheaitseála DNA Reference Faomhadh an téarma seo mar chuid de Thionscadal Lex
    ga
    mismatch repair | DNA mismatch repair | MMR
    en
    Definition one of the three excision repair mechanisms, employed by all organisms to repair their DNA, involving the recognition and repair of erroneous insertion, deletion and misincorporation of bases that can arise during DNA replication and recombination, as well as the repair of some forms of DNA damage Reference "COM-EN based on: D. Kowalski. University of Buffalo. DNA Damage and Repair Oncology for Scientists: RPN530 http://www.acsu.buffalo.edu/~kowalsk/dnarepair/lecture2.html > Lecture 2. Mismatch Repair http://www.acsu.buffalo.edu/~kowalsk/dnarepair/mmr.html [1.3.2011] & Wikipedia http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DNA_mismatch_repair [1.3.2011]"
    réparation d'un mésappariement de bases
    fr
    Definition chez les bactéries, réparation de l'ADN corrigeant un mésappariement entre deux bases survenu au cours de la réplication et qui a échappé à la correction d'épreuve d'une ADN polymérase Reference Dict.de génétique,CILF,1991
  19. SCIENCE|natural and applied sciences|life sciences|biology

    #677516

    IATE #1106825
    DNA athráiteach Reference Faomhadh an téarma seo mar chuid de Thionscadal Lex
    ga
    seicheamh athráiteach DNA Reference Faomhadh an téarma seo mar chuid de Thionscadal Lex
    ga
    deighleog DNA athráitigh Reference Faomhadh an téarma seo mar chuid de Thionscadal Lex
    ga
    repetitive DNA | repetitive DNA sequence | repetitive DNA segment
    en
    Definition sequence motif repeated hundreds or thousands of times in the genome Reference "Biscotti, M. A., Olmo, E., Heslop-Harrison, J. S., 'Repetitive DNA in eukaryotic genomes' (24.3.2021), Chromosome Research 2015 Sep;23(3):415-20, doi: 10.1007/s10577-015-9499-z. PMID: 26514350."
  20. SCIENCE|natural and applied sciences|life sciences

    #646335

    IATE #3529218
    DNA ceintriméireach Reference Faomhadh an téarma seo mar chuid de Thionscadal Lex
    ga
    Zentromer-DNA | CEN-DNA
    de
    Definition hochkondensierte DNA am Verbindungspunkt der beiden Chromatiden eines Chromosoms Reference "Deutscher Fachmann für Medizin 2017 nach DocCheckFlexikon, s. v. „Centromer“, http://flexikon.doccheck.com/de/Centromer (25.7.2017)"
    centromeric DNA
    en
    Definition the genetic locus or cis-acting DNA sequence required for chromosome segregation during mitosis and/or meiosis Reference "US Patent Application 20090298910 - REGULATION OF EPIGENETIC CONTROL OF GENE EXPRESSION http://www.patentstorm.us/applications/20090298910/fulltext.html [1.6.2011]"
    Comment For example, eukaryotic centromere regions are composed of multiple spatial and functional domains, and yet these centromeric DNA sequences are not evolutionarily conserved between species. Despite this lack of conservation in centromeric DNA sequence, in higher eukaryotes, (A+T)-rich and/or repetitive satellite DNA is generally believed to be a substrate for kinetochore nucleation, association of a highly conserved centromere-binding kinetochore proteins, and subsequent spindle microtubule attachment.
    ADN centromérique
    fr