Gaois

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32 results

  1. INDUSTRY|chemistry
    ocsaídiú Reference Faomhadh an téarma seo mar chuid de Thionscadal Lex
    ga
    ocsaídiúchán Reference 'ocsaídiúchán'. Hussey, M. Fréamh an Eolais. Coiscéim, Baile Átha Cliath, 2011. Faomhadh an téarma seo mar chuid de Thionscadal Lex
    ga
    Definition cailliúint leictreon ina dtarlaíonn dí-ocsaídiúchán ag an am céanna i gcónaí le gnóthú an leictreoin chéanna Reference Fiontar agus Scoil na Gaeilge, Ollscoil Chathair Bhaile Átha Cliath (DCU), bunaithe ar: 'ocsaídiúchán'. Hussey, M. Fréamh an Eolais. Coiscéim, Baile Átha Cliath, 2011.
    Oxidation
    de
    Definition Elektronenabgabe von Elementen, Ionen oder Verbindungen, sodass sich deren Oxidationszahl erhöht Reference "Bibliographisches Institut & F. A. Brockhaus AG (Hg), ""Der Brockhaus multimedial 2007 premium"", DVD, Bibliographisches Institut & F. A. Brockhaus AG, Mannheim, 2007, ISBN 3-411-06548-6, Eintrag zu ""Oxidation"""
    oxidation
    en
    Definition 1. The complete, net removal of one or more electrons from a molecular entity (also called 'de-electronation'). 2. An increase in the oxidation number of any atom within any substrate. 3. Gain of oxygen and/or loss of hydrogen of an organic substrate. All oxidations meet criteria 1 and 2, and many meet criterion 3, but this is not always easy to demonstrate Reference "IUPAC. Compendium of Chemical Terminology, 2nd ed. (the ""Gold Book""). Compiled by A. D. McNaught and A. Wilkinson. Blackwell Scientific Publications, Oxford (1997). XML on-line corrected version: http://goldbook.iupac.org (2006-) created by M. Nic, J. Jirat, B. Kosata; updates compiled by A. Jenkins. ISBN 0-9678550-9-8 Last update: 2009-09-07; version: 2.1.5 http://goldbook.iupac.org/O04362.html [19.11.2009]"
    Comment Alternatively, an oxidation can be described as a transformation of an organic substrate that can be rationally dissected into steps or primitive changes. The latter consist in removal of one or several electrons from the substrate followed or preceded by gain or loss of water and/or hydrons or hydroxide ions, or by nucleophilic substitution by water or its reverse and/or by an intramolecular molecular rearrangement. This formal definition allows the original idea of oxidation (combination with oxygen), together with its extension to removal of hydrogen, as well as processes closely akin to this type of transformation (and generally regarded in current usage of the term in organic chemistry to be oxidations and to be effected by 'oxidizing agents') to be descriptively related to definition 1.
    oxydation
    fr
    Definition Réaction chimique au cours de laquelle un corps se combine avec de l'oxygène pour former un oxyde;elle est l'une des trois causes principales de formation d'un feu;elle entraîne un affaiblissement des métaux ferreux qui se traduit par la formation de rouille Reference Glossaire multilingue en matière de protection civile 1990,Groupe de travail Commission Européenne/Etats membres
  2. SCIENCE|natural and applied sciences|life sciences|biology · SCIENCE|natural and applied sciences|life sciences · SCIENCE|natural and applied sciences|physical sciences|chemistry|biochemistry
    ocsaídiú aeróbach Reference Faomhadh an téarma seo mar chuid de Thionscadal Lex
    ga
    aerobic oxidation
    en
    Definition metabolic process in which fatty acids and sugars, principally glucose, are metabolised to CO2 and H2O, and the energy released is converted to the chemical energy of phosphoanhydride bonds in ATP, the most important molecule for capturing and transferring free energy in biological systems Reference "COM-Terminology Coordination, based on:Lodish H, Berk A, Zipursky SL, et al. Molecular Cell Biology. 4th edition. New York: W. H. Freeman; 2000. 'Chapter 16, Cellular Energetics: Glycolysis, Aerobic Oxidation, and Photosynthesis' (17.2.2020)."
    Comment At first glance, photosynthesis and aerobic oxidation appear to have little in common. However, a revolutionary discovery in cell biology is that bacteria, mitochondria, and chloroplasts all use the same (or very nearly the same) process, called chemiosmosis (or chemiosmotic coupling), to generate ATP from ADP and Pi
  3. ENVIRONMENT|environmental policy|pollution control measures · SCIENCE|natural and applied sciences|life sciences|biology
    anammox Reference Faomhadh an téarma seo mar chuid de Thionscadal Lex
    ga
    ocsaídiú anaeróbach amóiniam Reference Faomhadh an téarma seo mar chuid de Thionscadal Lex
    ga
    an­ae­ro­be Am­mo­ni­um­oxi­da­ti­on | Anammox
    de
    anaerobic ammonium oxidation | anammox | anaerobic ammonia oxidation
    en
    Definition "reaction in which anaerobic bacteria oxidise ammonium to nitrogen gas using nitrite as the electron acceptor" Reference "COM-Terminology Coordination, based on: Hu BL, Shen LD, Xu XY, Zheng P. 'Anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) in different natural ecosystems' (3.5.2019). Biochemical Society Transactions. 2011 Dec;39(6):1811-6"
    oxydation anaérobie des ions ammonium | ANAMMOX
    fr
    Definition en l'absence d'oxygène, conversion de l’ammonium en azote gazeux en utilisant le nitrite comme accepteur d’électrons Reference "COM-FR d'après: Détection des bactéries anammox (oxydation anaérobie de l’ammonium) dans les milieux continentaux (7.5.2019)"
  4. INDUSTRY|chemistry|chemical element
    anóidiú Reference 'anóidiú'. Hussey, M. Fréamh an Eolais. Coiscéim, Baile Átha Cliath, 2011. ;Faomhadh an téarma seo mar chuid de Thionscadal Lex
    ga
    Definition próiseas cosanta miotail a chuirtear i bhfeidhm ar alúmanam nó maignéisiam, de ghnáth Reference 'anóidiú'. Hussey, M. Fréamh an Eolais. Coiscéim, Baile Átha Cliath, 2011.
    Anodisierung | Anodisieren | Anodisation | Eloxieren | anodisch Oxydieren
    de
    Definition Umwandlung der Oberflaechenschicht eines Metalls in eine oxidische Deckschicht durch anodisches Oxydieren: die Deckschicht hat schuetzende, dekorative oder funktionelle Aufgaben. Vor allem Leichtmetalle werden in grossem Umfang und mit besonderem Erfolg anodisiert. Reference Werkstoffe u.Korrosion l7/l966
    anodizing | anodising | anodic oxidation
    en
    Definition "process similar to electroplating [ IATE:1369981 ], in which the article to be plated serves as the anode in the electrical circuit" Reference "COM-Terminology Coordination, based on:'plating', Encyclopaedia Britannica, https://www.britannica.com/technology/plating [20.12.2018]"
    Comment "See also:- plating [ IATE:3578771 ]- electroplating [ IATE:1369981 ]- electroless plating [ IATE:1756315 ]"
    anodisation | oxydation anodique
    fr
    Definition procédé électrolytique d'oxydation dans lequel la couche superficielle du métal est transformée en une couche ayant des propriétés protectrices, décoratives ou fonctionnelles Reference ISO 2080:1973
  5. SCIENCE|natural and applied sciences|physical sciences|chemistry
    uathocsaídiú Reference Faomhadh an téarma seo mar chuid de Thionscadal Lex
    ga
    uathocsaídiúchán Reference Faomhadh an téarma seo mar chuid de Thionscadal Lex
    ga
    Autoxidation
    de
    Definition Oxidation einer chemischen Verbindung durch atmosphärischen Sauerstoff … die – durch Radikale initiiert – autokatalytisch verläuft Reference "Thieme RÖMPP Online, Eintrag zu ""Autoxidation"", Thieme, 2010, http://www.roempp.com/prod/ (09.08.2010)"
    auto-oxidation | autoxidation
    en
    Definition "any oxidation ( IATE:1085350 ) that occurs in open air or in presence of oxygen and/or UV radiation and forms peroxides and hydroperoxides" Reference "Wikipedia http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Autoxidation [19.11.2009]"
    autoxydation
    fr
    Definition réaction chimique non induite consistant en la fixation plus ou moins rapide de l'oxygène moléculaire sur une substance chimique organique ou inorganique Reference NF T 73-000:1982
  6. SCIENCE|natural and applied sciences|physical sciences
    ocsaídiú bitheolaíoch Reference Faomhadh an téarma seo mar chuid de Thionscadal Lex
    ga
    biological oxidation
    en
    Definition biochemical reaction involving the transfer of a negatively charged electron from one organic compound to another organic compound or to oxygen Reference "Termwiki > Terms > English (EN) > biological oxidation (28.6.2022)"
  7. SCIENCE|natural and applied sciences|physical sciences|chemistry · ENVIRONMENT|deterioration of the environment|waste|wastewater
    bith-ocsaídiú Reference Faomhadh an téarma seo mar chuid de Thionscadal Lex
    ga
    bio-oxidation | B-stage | biological oxidation
    en
    Definition oxidation of a material using microorganisms Reference "COM-Terminology Coordination, based on: - Wikipedia > Adsorption/Bio-oxidation process (11.11.2021)- Obulisamy P. Karthikeyan, Aruliah Rajasekar & Rajasekhar Balasubramanian (2015) 'Bio-Oxidation and Biocyanidation of Refractory Mineral Ores for Gold Extraction: A Review' (10.8.2022), Critical Reviews in Environmental Science and Technology, 45:15, 1611-1643, DOI: 10.1080/10643389.2014.966423- European Commission. Cordis. 'THE USE OF NOVEL BIO OXYDATION TECHNIQUES IN THE HYDROMETALLURGICAL TREATMENT OF MIXED SULPHIDE ORES.' (10.8.2022)- UK Environment Agency. 'Landfill methane oxidation techniques' (10.8.2022). Report – SC160005/R"
  8. INDUSTRY|chemistry
    ocsaídiú ceimiceach Reference Faomhadh an téarma seo mar chuid de Thionscadal Lex
    ga
    chemical oxidation
    en
    Definition "oxidation [ IATE:1085350 ] using a chemical oxidant [ IATE:1617556 ]" Reference "COM-Terminology Coordination, based on:FRTR. Remediation Technologies Screening Matrix and Reference Guide, Version 4.0. Soil, Sediment, Bedrock and Sludge > 3.10 In Situ Physical/Chemical Treatment > 4.4 Chemical Oxidation, https://frtr.gov/matrix2/section4/4_4.html [2.6.2017]"
    Comment "The chemical oxidants most commonly employed to date include peroxide, ozone, and permanganate. Reference: FRTR. Remediation Technologies Screening Matrix and Reference Guide, Version 4.0. Soil, Sediment, Bedrock and Sludge > 3.10 In Situ Physical/Chemical Treatment > 4.4 Chemical Oxidation, https://frtr.gov/matrix2/section4/4_4.html [2.6.2017]"
  9. SCIENCE|natural and applied sciences|life sciences · ENVIRONMENT
    nítriginiú heitreatrófach Reference Faomhadh an téarma seo mar chuid de Thionscadal Lex
    ga
    heterotrophic oxidation | heterotrophic nitrification
    en
    Definition "nitrification1 by fungi and heterotrophic bacteria21 nitrification [ IATE:1427262 ]2 heterotrophic bacteria [ IATE:1495654 ]" Reference "COM-Terminology Coordination, based on: Pellegrini-Toole A. MetaCyc Pathway: ammonia oxidation I (aerobic), http://www.metacyc.org/META/NEW-IMAGE?type=PATHWAY&object=AMMOXID-PWY [5.11.2014]"
  10. ENVIRONMENT
    MSO Reference Faomhadh an téarma seo mar chuid de Thionscadal Lex
    ga
    ocsaídiúchán salainn leáite Reference Faomhadh an téarma seo mar chuid de Thionscadal Lex
    ga
    Abfallbehandlung mittels geschmolzenem Salz
    de
    MSO | molten salt oxidation
    en
    Definition a process for treating wastes by reacting the waste with an excess of air by injecting them into a molten salt bed Reference Molten Salt Oxidation Facility Process Description,1998,NSWC
    traitement de déchets par bain de sel fondu
    fr
    Definition méthode de destruction des composants organiques comportant, in situ, un abattage des poussières et des gaz de combustion permettant d'éviter un dégagement de produits nocifs grâce à l'immersion dans des bains de sels fondus Reference Antonini,G.,Gislais,P.,Traitements thermiques des déchets industriels,1995,Lavoisier,Technique & Documentation,Paris,p.113
  11. SCIENCE|natural and applied sciences|physical sciences · INDUSTRY|chemistry|chemical industry
    ocsaídiú neamhdhócháin Reference Faomhadh an téarma seo mar chuid de Thionscadal Lex
    ga
    non-combustion oxidation
    en
    Definition a form of oxidation other than combustion, e.g. rusting Reference Proposal for a Directive of the European Parliament and the Council on the deployment of alternative fuels infrastructure, Council document SN 1995/14 INIT.
  12. TRANSPORT|land transport · INDUSTRY|mechanical engineering
    catalaíoch ocsaídiúcháin Reference Faomhadh an téarma seo mar chuid de Thionscadal Lex
    ga
    Oxidationskatalysator | Oxydationskatalysator
    de
    Definition Katalysator, der nur eine Oxidation von Schadstoffen wie Kohlenmonoxid und Kohlenwasserstoffen bewerkstelligen kann, aber keine Reduktion von Stickoxiden Reference "Energie-Lexikon, s. v. ""Abgaskatalysator"", https://www.energie-lexikon.info/abgaskatalysator.html (10.9.2015)"
    two-way catalytic converter | two-way catalyst | oxidation catalytic converter | oxidation catalyst
    en
    Definition "catalytic converter1 designed to perform two simultaneous tasks: 1) oxidation of carbon monoxide to carbon dioxide: 2CO + O2 → 2CO22) oxidation of hydrocarbons (unburnt and partially burnt fuel) to carbon dioxide and water: CxH2x+2 + [(3x+1)/2] O2 → xCO2 + (x+1) H2O (a combustion reaction)1catalytic converter [ IATE:45523 ]" Reference "COM-Terminology Coordination, based on:Wikipedia. Catalytic converter, Catalytic converter, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catalytic_converter [22.5.2015]"
    catalyseur d'oxydation
    fr
  13. ENVIRONMENT|environmental policy|pollution control measures
    toisc ocsaídiúcháin Reference Faomhadh an téarma seo mar chuid de Thionscadal Lex
    ga
    Oxidationsfaktor
    de
    Definition Faktor mit Wichtigkeit für die Überwachung bei Verbrennungsprozessen Reference "2007/589/EG: Entscheidung der Kommission vom 18. Juli 2007 zur Festlegung von Leitlinien für die Überwachung und Berichterstattung betreffend Treibhausgasemissionen im Sinne der Richtlinie 2003/87/EG des Europäischen Parlaments und des Rates (Monitoring-Leitlinien) (Bekannt gegeben unter Aktenzeichen K(2007) 3416) CELEX:32007D0589/DE"
    Comment Der Oxidationsfaktor (Verbrennungsfaktor) trägt dem bei partieller (unvollständiger) Oxidation anfallenden und unvollständig oxidierten Kohlenstoff Rechnung. Er wird als Bruchteil von eins ausgedrückt
    oxidation factor
    en
    Definition ratio of carbon oxidised to CO2 as a consequence of combustion to the total carbon contained in the fuel, expressed as a fraction, considering carbon monoxide (CO) emitted to the atmosphere as the molar equivalent amount of CO2 Reference "Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) 2018/2066 on the monitoring and reporting of greenhouse gas emissions pursuant to Directive 2003/87/EC and amending Commission Regulation (EU) No 601/2012"
    facteur d'oxydation
    fr
  14. PRODUCTION, TECHNOLOGY AND RESEARCH|technology and technical regulations · INDUSTRY|chemistry · INDUSTRY|mechanical engineering
    cobhsaíocht ocsaídiúcháin Reference Faomhadh an téarma seo mar chuid de Thionscadal Lex
    ga
    Oxidationsbeständigkeit | Oxidationsstabilität
    de
    oxidation stability | anti-oxidative stability | oxidative stability
    en
    Definition ability of a substance to resist natural degradation upon contact with oxygen Reference "COM-EN, based on:Flowmeter Directory > Lubrication Terminology > oxidation stability. http://www.flowmeterdirectory.com/lubrication_terminology.html [16.5.2013]"
    stabilité à l'oxydation
    fr
    Definition capacité d'une huile à résister aux changements chimiques en raison d'une hausse de température et en présence d'oxygène Reference "COM-FR, d'après:La lubrification, http://tpmattitude.fr/lubrification.html [9.3.2015]"
  15. INDUSTRY|chemistry
    staid ocsaídiúcháin Reference Faomhadh an téarma seo mar chuid de Thionscadal Lex
    ga
    Context 'Tugtar staid ocsaídiúcháin nó uimhir ocsaídiúcháin ar dhúile mar thomhas ar a n-airíonna ocsaídiúcháin/dí-ocsaídiúcháin.' Reference 'ocsaídiúchán.' Hussey, M. Fréamh an Eolais. Coiscéim, Baile Átha Cliath, 2011.
    uimhir ocsaídiúcháin Reference Faomhadh an téarma seo mar chuid de Thionscadal Lex
    ga
    Context 'Tugtar staid ocsaídiúcháin nó uimhir ocsaídiúcháin ar dhúile mar thomhas ar a n-airíonna ocsaídiúcháin/dí-ocsaídiúcháin.' Reference 'ocsaídiúchán.' Hussey, M. Fréamh an Eolais. Coiscéim, Baile Átha Cliath, 2011.
    Oxydationszahl
    de
    oxidation state | oxidation number
    en
    Definition charge of an atom after ionic approximation of its heteronuclear bonds Reference "COM-EN, based on:IUPAC, Oxidation state (23.12.2020)"
    Comment Approximating all bonds to be ionic may lead to unusual results. If the N=N bond in N2O were extrapolated to be ionic, the central nitrogen atom would have an oxidation state of +5 and the terminal one −3. To obtain less extreme values, bonds between atoms of the same element should be divided equally upon ionic approximation.
  16. INDUSTRY|chemistry
    imoibriú ocsaídiúcháin agus dí-ocsaídiúcháin Reference Faomhadh an téarma seo mar chuid de Thionscadal Lex
    ga
    imoibriú ocsdí Reference Faomhadh an téarma seo mar chuid de Thionscadal Lex
    ga
    Redoxreaktion | Redoxvorgänge | Redox | Reduktions-Oxydations
    de
    Definition die dem Redoxsystem zugrundeliegende, vom Redoxpotential bestimmte Reaktion von Reduktions-und Oxidationsmitteln Reference Reallex Med
    redox reaction | oxidation-reduction reaction | reduction-oxidation | Redox
    en
    Definition reaction that involves the transfer of one or more electrons Reference "Purdue University. College of ScienceChemical Education Division Groups http://chemed.chem.purdue.edu/ > General Chemistry Help > Topic Review > Oxidation-Reduction Reactions http://chemed.chem.purdue.edu/genchem/topicreview/bp/ch19/oxred_1.php [10.1.2012]"
    Comment "It used to be defined in terms of hydrogen transfer and it can also be defined in terms of oxygen transfer For more information, see: - Chemguide. Definitions of Oxidation and Reduction (Redox) http://www.chemguide.co.uk/inorganic/redox/definitions.html [10.1.2012] - Virginia Tech College of Science - Department of Chemistry. Oxidation Numbers & Redox Reactions http://www.files.chem.vt.edu/RVGS/ACT/notes/oxidation_numbers.html [10.1.2012]"
    réaction d'oxydoréduction | réaction redox | réaction d'oxydo-réduction
    fr
    Definition Les réactions d'oxydoréduction donnent lieu à du courant électrique dans un accumulateur ou une batterie.Elles sont également utilisées dans des systèmes de stockage photochimique. Reference Duval;D'après Römpp-Chemie + Silverman,Energy Storage,p.139
  17. INDUSTRY|chemistry|chemical industry|hydrogen production · ENVIRONMENT|natural environment|natural resources|energy resources · ENERGY|energy policy|energy industry|fuel · INDUSTRY|chemistry
    ocsaídiú páirteach Reference Faomhadh an téarma seo mar chuid de Thionscadal Lex
    ga
    páirtocsaídiú Reference Faomhadh an téarma seo mar chuid de Thionscadal Lex
    ga
    partial oxidation | POx
    en
    Definition "type of chemical reaction that occurs when a substoichiometric fuel-air mixture is partially combusted in a reformer, creating a hydrogen-rich syngas which can then be put to further use, for example in a fuel cell" Reference "Wikipedia > Partial oxidation (10.12.2020)"
    Comment "See also stoichiometric air/fuel ratio."
  18. INDUSTRY|chemistry|chemical industry · ENVIRONMENT|environmental policy|pollution control measures
    ocsaídiú teirmeach athghabhála Reference Faomhadh an téarma seo mar chuid de Thionscadal Lex
    ga
    Definition ocsaídiú teirmeach a úsáideann teas na ndramhghás trí aistriú teasa indíreach Reference "Cinneadh Cur Chun Feidhme (AE) 2022/2427 lena mbunaítear conclúidí maidir leis na teicnící is fearr atá ar fáil (BAT), faoi Threoir 2010/75/AE ó Pharlaimint na hEorpa agus ón gComhairle maidir le hastaíochtaí tionsclaíocha, le haghaidh córais choiteanna bhainistíochta agus chóireála dramhgháis in earnáil na gceimiceán (a bhfuil fógra tugtha ina leith faoi dhoiciméad C(2022) 8788),CELEX:32022D2427/GA"
    recuperative thermal oxidation
    en
    Definition "'thermal oxidation' using the heat of the waste gases by indirect heat transfer" Reference "European Commission. JRC. European IPPC Bureau. 'Best Available Techniques (BAT) Reference Document for Common Waste Gas Management and Treatment Systems in the Chemical Sector' (2.8.2022). Publications Office of the European Union, Luxembourg, 2022"