Gaois

Similar terms:

This is a static copy of data that is exported from IATE on an occasional basis. It should not be assumed that information provided about an entry here will always correspond to the current version of the entry in IATE. That current version can be checked by clicking on the link on the upper right hand side of each entry. More information »

42 results

  1. SCIENCE|natural and applied sciences|physical sciences

    #677119

    IATE #1073588
    polaiméaráis ADN ARN-spleách Reference Téarmeolaithe COM-GA
    ga
    polaiméaráis ADN RNA-spleách Reference Faomhadh an téarma seo mar chuid de Thionscadal Lex
    ga
    RNA-dependent DNA polymerase
    en
    Definition "enzyme that can synthesise a single complementary strand of DNA (cDNA)1 from an mRNA2 sequence1 cDNA [ IATE:1073342 ]2 mRNA [ IATE:1073360 ]" Reference "COM-Terminology Coordination, based on:R. A. Bowen. Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, http://www.vivo.colostate.edu/hbooks/genetics/biotech/index.html > Restriction Endonucleases and DNA Modifying Enzymes > Reverse Transcriptases, http://www.vivo.colostate.edu/hbooks/genetics/biotech/enzymes/rt.html [3.11.2014]"
    ADN-polymérase ARN dépendante
    fr
    Definition "L'ARN messager correspondant à un gène de structure précise peut être recopié in vitro en donnant une molécule d'ADN continue et homogène grâce à une enzyme, la transcriptase reverse. Ce "" gène synthétique"" peut être introduit dans un plasmide, puis dans une cellule bactérienne" Reference Biotecnología Tendencias,p.94
  2. SCIENCE|natural and applied sciences|life sciences|biology

    #677098

    IATE #1073324
    polaiméaráis ARN Reference Téarmeolaithe COM-GA
    ga
    polaiméaráis ARN ADN-spleách Reference Téarmeolaithe COM-GA
    ga
    polaiméaráis RNA Reference "Faofa ag an gCoiste Téarmaíochta, www.tearma.ie Faomhadh an téarma seo mar chuid de Thionscadal Lex"
    ga
    polaiméaráis RNA DNA-spléach Reference "Faofa ag an gCoiste Téarmaíochta, www.tearma.ie Faomhadh an téarma seo mar chuid de Thionscadal Lex"
    ga
    RNA-Polymerase | DNS-abhängige RNS-Polymerase | RNS-Polymerase
    de
    Definition Ein Enzym, das an einer DNS-Matrize aus Ribonucleosidtriphosphatasen RNS synthetisiert, die der Matrize komplementär ist. Reference Lex.Biochemie
    RNA polymerase | RNAP | RNApol | DNA-dependent RNA polymerase | RNA transcriptase | RNAPs
    en
    Definition "RNA enzyme that is responsible for copying a DNA sequence into an RNA sequence during the process of transcription" Reference "COM-Terminology Coordination, based on:Griffiths AJF, Miller JH, Suzuki DT, et al. An Introduction to Genetic Analysis. 7th edition. New York: W. H. Freeman; 2000. 'Transcription and RNA polymerase'(28.5.2020)."
    ARN polymérase | ARN-polymérase ADN dépendante
    fr
    Definition Enzyme qui se fixe sur le promoteur d'un gène et transcrit l'ADN en remplaçant simplement chaque thymidine (T) par une uridine (U).L'ARN messager qui en résulte se compose de séquences situées en avant des séquences codantes du gène, du gène lui-même et des séquences situées juste après Reference Biofutur 1/85,p.14
  3. SCIENCE|natural and applied sciences|life sciences|biology

    #677106

    IATE #1073400
    próiseáil ARN teachtaire Reference Téarmeolaithe COM-GA
    ga
    aibiú ARN teachtaire Reference Téarmeolaithe COM-GA
    ga
    próiseáil mRNA Reference Faomhadh an téarma seo mar chuid de Thionscadal Lex
    ga
    aibiú mRNA Reference Faomhadh an téarma seo mar chuid de Thionscadal Lex
    ga
    Reifung der mRNS
    de
    mRNA processing | RNA processing | mRNA maturation | RNA maturation
    en
    Definition "5' capping, splicing, 3'-end processing of pre-mRNA, that take place in the cell nucleus before mRNAcan be exported from the nucleus to the cytoplasm in order to be translated" Reference "COM-Terminology Coordination, based on: Hocine S, Singer RH, Grünwald D. 'RNA processing and export' (17.11.2020). Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol. 2010;2(12):a000752. doi:10.1101/cshperspect.a000752"
    maturation de l'ARN messager
    fr
    Definition On sait maintenant que l'ADN est transcrit d'abord en ARN pré-messager. Pour quitter le noyau, l'ARN doit être liberé de ses introns par excision-soudure. Ce processus est appelé maturation Reference Génétique,p.93
  4. SCIENCE|natural and applied sciences|life sciences|biology

    #686117

    IATE #3593000
    scoilteadh RNA Reference Faomhadh an téarma seo mar chuid de Thionscadal Lex
    ga
    scoilteadh ARN Reference Téarmeolaithe COM-GA
    ga
    RNA cleavage
    en
    Definition "cleavage of double stranded RNA, generating two RNA halves, or cleavage of a single-stranded RNA" Reference "COM-Terminology Coordination, based on: Thomason MK, Storz G, 'Bacterial antisense RNAs: how many are there, and what are they doing?' (26.2.2021), Annual Review of Genetics, 2010; 44:167-188, doi:10.1146/annurev-genet-102209-163523"
    Comment RNase III is an endoribonuclease that cleaves double stranded RNARNase E is endoribonuclease that cleaves single stranded RNA
  5. PRODUCTION, TECHNOLOGY AND RESEARCH|technology and technical regulations|biotechnology · SCIENCE|natural and applied sciences|life sciences|biology

    #685545

    IATE #3588945
    seicheamhú ARN Reference Téarmeolaithe COM-GA
    ga
    seicheamhú RNA Reference Faomhadh an téarma seo mar chuid de Thionscadal Lex
    ga
    RNA-Sequenzierung
    de
    RNA sequencing | RNA-seq
    en
    Definition particular technology-based sequencing technique (i.e. determining the nucleic acid sequence) which uses next-generation sequencing (NGS) (i.e. a DNA sequencing technology which has revolutionised genomic research) to reveal the presence and quantity of RNA in a biological sample at a given moment, analysing the continuously changing cellular transcriptome (i.e. the set of all RNA molecules in one cell or a population of cells) Reference "COM-Terminology Coordination, based on:1) Wikipedia. 'RNA-Seq' (5.3.2020)2) Wikipedia. 'Transcriptome' (5.3.2020)3) Behjati S, Tarpey PS. 'What is next generation sequencing?' (5.3.2020) Arch Dis Child Educ Pract Ed. 2013 Dec;98(6):236-8. "
    séquençage des ARN | RNA-seq
    fr
    Definition technologie basée sur le séquençage de l’ADNc et non une technique d’hybridation de l’ADNc comme la technologie des puces à ADN Reference "Melina Gallopin. Classification et inférence de réseaux pour les données RNA-seq. Statistiques [math.ST]. Université Paris-Saclay, 2015. Français. ffNNT : 2015SACLS174 (20.7.2021)"
    Comment Cette technique peut être utilisée pour séquencer directement l’ADN d’un individu (DNA-seq) afin de créer un génome de référence ou pour détecter des altérations de la séquence d’ADN. Le RNA-seq est une technique de séquençage de seconde génération.
  6. SCIENCE|natural and applied sciences|life sciences · SCIENCE|natural and applied sciences|life sciences|biology

    #677754

    IATE #1128244
    spladhsáil ARN Reference Téarmeolaithe COM-GA
    ga
    spladhsáil RNA Reference Faomhadh an téarma seo mar chuid de Thionscadal Lex
    ga
    RNA splicing
    en
    Definition "removal or ""splicing out"" of certain sequences referred to as intervening sequences, or introns, from the initial RNA (pre-mRNA) that is transcribed from a gene's DNA template so that it becomes a mature messenger RNA (mRNA) which can direct the synthesis of protein" Reference "COM-Terminology Coordination, based on: Clancy, S. (2008) 'RNA splicing: introns, exons and spliceosome' (25.5.2020). Nature Education 1(1):31"
    épissage de l'ARN | épissage
    fr
    Definition mécanisme d'après lequel les blocs codants forment un message continu Reference Pour la Science,novembre 1993
  7. SCIENCE|natural and applied sciences|life sciences|biology

    #686192

    IATE #3593413
    tóireadóir hibridiúcháin ARN Reference Téarmeolaithe COM-GA
    ga
    tóireadóir hibridiúcháin RNA Reference Faomhadh an téarma seo mar chuid de Thionscadal Lex
    ga
    riboprobe | RNA probe | RNA hybridisation probe
    en
    Definition stretch of single-stranded RNA which is used to detect the presence of complementary nucleic acid sequences (target sequences) by hybridisation and is tagged with a label that can be detected Reference "COM-Terminology Coordination, based on: Arun Kumar. 'What are the Differences Between DNA and RNA Probes?' (24.3.2021)"
    Comment Riboprobes are conveniently produced by in vitro transcription and are particularly useful for detecting specific mRNAs by hybridization in situ, and for ribonuclease protection assays.
  8. SCIENCE|natural and applied sciences|life sciences|biology

    #680601

    IATE #1684115
    tras-scríbhinn ARN Reference Téarmeolaithe COM-GA
    ga
    tras-scríbhinn Reference Faomhadh an téarma seo mar chuid de Thionscadal Lex
    ga
    transkribierend
    de
    transcript | RNA transcript
    en
    Definition "single-stranded RNA resulting from transcription of a cell's DNA using RNA polymerase(s)" Reference "COM-Terminology Coordination, based on: LUMEN Microbiology. 'RNA Transcription' (17.11.2020)"
    Comment "1) There are different types of primary RNA transcripts (containing introns and exons produced during transcription): pre-rRNA, pre-tRNA and pre-rRNA.2) In bacteria, primary mRNA transcripts can act as messenger RNAs (mRNAs) right away. In eukaryotes, the primary transcript of a protein-coding gene is called a pre-mRNA and must go through extra processing before it can direct translation."
    transcrit
    fr
    Definition ARN obtenu par transcription d'un gène par l'ARN polymérase Reference Dict.de génétique,CILF,1991
  9. SCIENCE|natural and applied sciences|life sciences|biology

    #685911

    IATE #3591871
    tras-scríbhinn ARN phríomhúil Reference Téarmeolaithe COM-GA
    ga
    tras-scríbhinn RNA phríomhúil Reference Faomhadh an téarma seo mar chuid de Thionscadal Lex
    ga
    primary transcript | primary RNA transcript
    en
    Definition "initial RNA product, containing introns and exons, produced by transcription of DNA" Reference "Lodish H, Berk A, Zipursky SL, et al. Molecular Cell Biology. 4th edition. New York: W. H. Freeman; 2000. 'Glossary' (17.11.2020)."
    Comment Many primary transcripts must undergo RNA processing to form the physiologically active RNA species
  10. SOCIAL QUESTIONS|health|pharmaceutical industry|pharmaceutical product|vaccine

    #686133

    IATE #3593130
    vacsaín ARN Reference Téarmeolaithe COM-GA
    ga
    vacsaín RNA Reference Faomhadh an téarma seo mar chuid de Thionscadal Lex
    ga
    RNA vaccine
    en
    Definition "an mRNA vaccine or an saRNA vaccine" Reference "COM-Terminology Coordination, based on: GAVI, 'What are nucleic acid vaccines and how could they be turned against COVID-19?' (9.3.2021)"
    Comment There are currently two different types of synthetic RNA vaccines: conventional mRNA and self-amplifying RNA (saRNA) (Fig. 1). Use of conventional mRNA strategies (also referred to as nonreplicating or non-amplifying mRNA) against infectious diseases and cancers has been investigated in several preclinical and clinical trials [7]. In vitro transcribed mRNAs encoding viral antigens have been explored as vaccines, while those encoding therapeutic proteins, such as antibodies or immune modulators, have been considered for immunotherapy. The incorporation of chemically modified nucleotides, sequence optimization, and different purification strategies improve efficiency of mRNA translation and reduce intrinsic immunogenic properties [7]. However, antigen expression is proportional to the number of conventional mRNA transcripts successfully delivered during vaccination. Achieving adequate expression for protection or immunomodulation may thus require large doses or repeat administrations. saRNA vaccines, which are genetically engineered replicons derived from self-replicating single-stranded RNA viruses [8, 9], address this limitation.
  11. SOCIAL QUESTIONS|health|pharmaceutical industry|pharmaceutical product|vaccine

    #685667

    IATE #3590601
    vacsaín ARN teachtaire Reference Téarmeolaithe COM-GA
    ga
    vacsaín mRNA Reference Faomhadh an téarma seo mar chuid de Thionscadal Lex
    ga
    Context 'Tar éis duit vacsaín mRNA a fháil, cruthaíonn do cholainn antasubstaintí a chabhraíonn leat ionfhabhtú a throid má théann víreas isteach i do cholainn sa todhchaí.' Reference "'Feidhmeannacht na Seirbhíse Sláinte,' https://www2.hse.ie/gaeilge/coroinvireas/vacsan-covid-19-mrna-agus-veicteoir-vreasach.html [6.4.2021]"
    mRNA vaccine | mRNA-based vaccine
    en
    Definition "vaccine that works by introducing an mRNA sequence (the molecule which tells cells what to build) which is coded for a disease specific antigen which elicits an immune response once expressed in the infected human cells" Reference "COM-Terminology Coordination, based on:University of Cambridge. PHG Foundation. RNA vaccines: an introduction (31.7.2020)"
    vaccin à ARN messager | vaccin à ARN | vaccin à ARNm
    fr
  12. SCIENCE|natural and applied sciences|life sciences · AGRICULTURE, FORESTRY AND FISHERIES|agricultural activity|animal health · SOCIAL QUESTIONS|health|medical science|epidemiology|disease vector

    #674178

    IATE #202135
    víreas ARN Reference Téarmeolaithe COM-GA
    ga
    víreas RNA Reference Faomhadh an téarma seo mar chuid de Thionscadal Lex
    ga
    Context 'Maidir le víreas SARS-CoV-2, arb é an gníomhaire é is cúis le COVID-19, is víreas é a bhaineann leis an aicme Coronaviridae (géineas:, Betacoronavirus), is é sin le rá, aicme mhór víreas RNA imchlúdaithe duail aonair de chineál dearfach.' Reference "'Nithe a bhaineann le láimhseáil shábháilte corpán daoine éagtha a bhfuil amhras ann ina leith, nó ar daingníodh ina leith, go raibh COVID-19 orthu,' an Lárionad Eorpach um Ghalair a Chosc agus a Rialú, https://www.ecdc.europa.eu/sites/default/files/documents/Safe%20handling%20of%20bodies%20of%20persons%20dying%20from%20COVID19_GA.pdf [7.4.2021]"
    RNA Virus
    de
    RNA virus
    en
    Definition "virus in which the genetic information is stored in the form of RNA (as opposed to DNA)" Reference "‘RNA virus’ (27.7.2021), Lexico.com, Oxford University Press, 2021."
    virus à ARN | virus ARN
    fr
    Definition virus dont l'acide nucléique est un ARN en simple ou double brin Reference arrêté du 6/07/87 relatif à l'enrichissement du voc.des sciences et techniques de l'agriculture,JORF 18/08/87
  13. SCIENCE|natural and applied sciences|life sciences|biology|microorganism

    #685675

    IATE #3590686
    víreas ARN aonsnáithe chialldeimhnigh Reference Téarmeolaithe COM-GA
    ga
    víreas RNA aonsnáithe cialldheimhní Reference "Faofa ag an gCoiste Téarmaíochta, www.tearma.ie ;Faomhadh an téarma seo mar chuid de Thionscadal Lex"
    ga
    positive-strand RNA virus | positive-sense single-stranded RNA virus | (+)ssRNA
    en
    Definition virus whose genome consists of a single-strand of RNA with polarity similar to mRNA and thus can be immediately translated by the host cell Reference "COM-Terminology Coordination, based on:Lumen. 'Positive-Strand RNA Viruses in Animals' (17.8.2020)"
    Comment Single stranded RNA viruses can be classified according to the sense or polarity of their RNA into negative-sense and positive-sense, or ambisense RNA viruses. Positive-sense viral RNA is similar to mRNA and thus can be immediately translated by the host cell. Negative-sense viral RNA is complementary to mRNA and thus must be converted to positive-sense RNA by an RNA polymerase before translation. As such, purified RNA of a positive-sense virus can directly cause infection though it may be less infectious than the whole virus particle. Purified RNA of a negative-sense virus is not infectious by itself as it needs to be transcribed into positive-sense RNA; each virion can be transcribed to several positive-sense RNAs. Ambisense RNA viruses resemble negative-sense RNA viruses, except they also translate genes from the positive strand.
  14. SCIENCE|natural and applied sciences|life sciences|biology|microorganism

    #685605

    IATE #3589887
    víreas ARN aonsnáithe chialldiúltaigh Reference Téarmeolaithe COM-GA
    ga
    víreas RNA aonsnáithe cialldhiúltaí Reference "Faofa ag an gCoiste Téarmaíochta, www.tearma.ie ;Faomhadh an téarma seo mar chuid de Thionscadal Lex"
    ga
    negative-sense single-stranded RNA virus | negative-stranded RNA virus | (-)ssRNA virus | antisense-strand RNA virus | negative-strand RNA virus
    en
    Definition virus that uses negative sense, single-stranded RNA as its genetic material Reference "Wikipedia > Negative-sense single-stranded RNA virus (28.5.2020)"
    Comment "The genome of an RNA virus can be said to be either positive-sense, also known as a ""plus-strand"", or negative-sense, also known as a ""minus-strand"". In most cases, the terms ""sense"" and ""strand"" are used interchangeably, making terms such as ""positive-strand"" equivalent to ""positive-sense"", and ""plus-strand"" equivalent to ""plus-sense"". Whether a viral genome is positive-sense or negative-sense can be used as a basis for classifying viruses.Negative-sense (3′-to-5′) viral RNA is complementary to the viral mRNA, thus a positive-sense RNA must be produced by an RNA-dependent RNA polymerase from it prior to translation. Like DNA, negative-sense RNA has a nucleotide sequence complementary to the mRNA that it encodes; also like DNA, this RNA cannot be translated into protein directly. Instead, it must first be transcribed into a positive-sense RNA that acts as an mRNA. Some viruses (e.g. influenza viruses) have negative-sense genomes and so must carry an RNA polymerase inside the virion."
  15. SCIENCE|natural and applied sciences|life sciences|biology|microorganism

    #681661

    IATE #2231895
    víreas ARN imchlúdaithe Reference Téarmeolaithe COM-GA
    ga
    víreas RNA imchlúdaithe Reference Faomhadh an téarma seo mar chuid de Thionscadal Lex
    ga
    enveloped RNA virus
    en
    Definition "RNA virus which, in addition to the protein shell that surrounds and protects its nucleic acid (capsid), is also surrounded by an envelope" Reference "COM-Terminology Coordination, based on:Dr. Amy Rogers. 'Chapter 10: Viruses' (17.8.2020)"
    virus ARN à enveloppe
    fr
  17. SCIENCE|natural and applied sciences|life sciences|biology|microorganism

    #685674

    IATE #3590685
    víreas ARN imchlúdaithe aonsnáithe chialldiúltaigh Reference Téarmeolaithe COM-GA
    ga
    víreas RNA imchlúdaithe aonsnáithe a bhfuil polaraíocht dhiúltach aige Reference "Faofa ag an gCoiste Téarmaíochta, www.tearma.ie ;Faomhadh an téarma seo mar chuid de Thionscadal Lex"
    ga
    enveloped negative-sense single-stranded RNA virus
    en
    Definition "negative-strand RNA virus which contains an outer viral envelope, a type of a lipid membrane which surrounds the capsid" Reference "COM-Terminology Coordination, based on:Wikipedia > Negative-strand RNA virus (17.8.2020)"
  19. SCIENCE|natural and applied sciences|life sciences|biology

    #634645

    IATE #1687470
    spladhsáil mhalartach Reference Faomhadh an téarma seo mar chuid de Thionscadal Lex
    ga
    spladhsáil mhalartach mRNA Reference Faomhadh an téarma seo mar chuid de Thionscadal Lex
    ga
    differentielles Splicing
    de
    alternative splicing | alternative mRNA splicing | alternative pre-mRNA splicing
    en
    Definition "mechanism through which particular exons of a gene may be included within or excluded from the final, processed messenger RNA (mRNA) produced from that gene by selecting different combinations of splice sites within a pre-mRNA" Reference "COM-Terminology Coordination, based on: - Wikipedia > Alternative splicing (27.4.2021)- D.S. Greenberg, H.Soreq., 'Alternative Splicing' (18.11.2020), In: Reference Module in Biomedical Sciences Brenner's Encyclopedia of Genetics (Second Edition) 2013, Pages 97-98"
    Comment It differs from constitutive splicing in that alternative exons might or might not be included, and there may be exon skipping, intron retention, alternative 5′ and 3′ splice sites and mutually exclusive exons, leading to the generation of potentially hundreds of proteins from a single mRNA. In some instances, multiple mRNAs are generated that all lead to the translation of the same protein product, for example brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF).
    épissage différentiel | épissage alternatif de l'ARN messager | épissage alternatif de l'ARNm
    fr
    Definition existence de plusieurs schémas d'épissage d'un transcrit primaire aboutissant à la formation de différents RNA messagers, et pouvant donner lieu à la synthèse de plusieurs protéines différentes Reference Schorderet,D.,Gloss.génétique,Division de génétique médicale,CHUV,Lausanne,1993
  20. SCIENCE|natural and applied sciences|life sciences|biology · SCIENCE|natural and applied sciences|life sciences|biology|genetics

    #637022

    IATE #1887713
    trasnaíocht trí mheán RNA Reference Faomhadh an téarma seo mar chuid de Thionscadal Lex
    ga
    Ribonukleinsäure-Interferenz | RNAi | RNA-Interferenz
    de
    Definition Die Ribonukleinsäure (RNS, engl.: RNA) fungiert als körpereigener Bote, indem sie genetische Informationen an den Ort einer Zelle bringt, an dem Proteine – wichtige Bausteine des Lebens – gebildet werden. Bei der RNAi handelt es sich um einen natürlichen Prozess, durch den der beschriebene Vorgang bei Tieren und Pflanzen verlangsamt oder völlig unterbunden wird. Reference "EFSA>Nachrichten & Veranstaltungen> Nachrichten>Internationaler Workshop befasst sich mit ... http://www.efsa.europa.eu/de/press/news/140527.htm [05.12/2014]"
    RNAi | RNA interference | RNA-mediated interference | post-transcriptional gene silencing | post-translational silencing of gene expression | PTGS | RNA silencing | RNA knockout
    en
    Definition "mechanism by which small double-stranded RNAs specifically interfere with expression of any mRNA having a similar sequence and thus silence the expression of homologous genes " Reference "COM-Terminology Coordination, based on: - Hammond, S., Caudy, A. & Hannon, G. 'Post-transcriptional gene silencing by double-stranded RNA' (17.11.2020). Nature Reviews Genetics 2, 110–119 (2001)- Dr. Sangita Pawa. 'Common Terms in Molecular Biology' (17.11.2020). College of Medicine, University of Arizona"
    interférence à l’ARN | iARN | interférence par ARN | interférence ARN
    fr
    Definition processus cellulaire capable de réguler l’expression d’un gène aux niveaux transcriptionnel et post-transcriptionnel Reference "Institut Albert Bonniot > La Recherche > Equipes > DÉPARTEMENT DIFFÉRENCIATION ET TRANSFORMATION CELLULAIRE ÉQUIPE 13 Avenir - INTERFÉRENCE ARN et ÉPIGÉNÉTIQUE. Directeur d'équipe : André Verdel. Activité de recherche http://www-iab.ujf-grenoble.fr/equ_d.php?b=2&c=22&i=41 [21.9.2011]"
    Comment "Pour plus d'informations, voir: Wikipédia > ARN interférent http://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/ARN_interf%C3%A9rent [21.9.2011]"