Gaois

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55 results

  1. SOCIAL QUESTIONS|health|medical science|immunology

    #664468

    IATE #3592027
    imdhíonacht éighníomhach fhaighte nádúrtha Reference Faomhadh an téarma seo mar chuid de Thionscadal Lex
    ga
    natural passive acquired immunity | natural passive immunity
    en
    Definition short-lasting immunity of a newborn baby due to antibodies that are transferred through the placenta from its mother Reference "COM-Terminology Coordination, based on:- David Baxter, 'Active and passive immunity, vaccine types, excipients and licensing' (27.11.2020), Occupational Medicine (Lond) (2007) 57 (8): 552-556- MedlinePlus, 'Immune response' (27.11.2020)"
    Comment These antibodies are degraded between the ages of 6 and 12 months and immunity is lost.
  3. SOCIAL QUESTIONS|health|medical science|immunology

    #663947

    IATE #3590760
    imdhíonacht fhadtéarmach Reference Faomhadh an téarma seo mar chuid de Thionscadal Lex
    ga
    long-term immunity
    en
    Definition immunity that lasts for a long time, not just for some months Reference "COM-Terminology Coordination, based on:CDC. 'Immunity Types' (21.8.2020)"
    Comment Type of immunity as seen according to the time it lasts and now it is induced. With the current knowledge only active immunity confers long-term immunity
  4. SOCIAL QUESTIONS|health|medical science|immunology

    #628254

    IATE #1431364
    imdhíonacht fhaighte Reference Faomhadh an téarma seo mar chuid de Thionscadal Lex
    ga
    Context 'Déanfar meastóireacht leormhaith, más iomchuí, ar thionchar antasubstaintí a fhaightear go héighníomhach ón máthair ar éifeachtúlacht vacsaíní i gcás ina dtugtar na vacsaíní sin ag aois ag a bhfuil an imdhíonacht fhaighte ón máthair ann i gcónaí.' Reference "Rialachán Tarmligthe (AE) 2021/805 lena leasaítear Iarscríbhinn II a ghabhann le Rialachán (AE) 2019/6 ó Pharlaimint na hEorpa agus ón gComhairle, CELEX:32021R0805/GA"
    erworbene Immunität | adaptive Immunität | spezifische Immunität
    de
    Definition Immunität, die nur gegen ein bestimmtes (homologes) Antigen gerichtet ist Reference Reallex Med
    acquired immunity | adaptive immunity | specific immunity | acquired immunity against infectious disease | AIID
    en
    Definition specific resistance to infection developed during the life of an individual Reference "COM-Terminology Coordination, based on:Fernando Monroy. 'Immunology' (16.4.2020). Parasite World. Microbiology (BIO 205) (16.4.2020). Northern Arizona University."
    Comment It corresponds to the production (active immunity) or transmission (passive immunity) of a state of resistance to an antigen through the direct action of antibodies or cellss pecific to that antigen.
    immunité acquise | immunité adaptative | adaptive | immunité spécifique
    fr
    Definition état de résistance à une maladie, acquise après un premier contact avec le pathogène, soit par vaccination, soit par infection naturelle Reference Lexique des sciences biologiques, Ph. Bourbeau et P. Quirion, Éd. Brault et Bourthillier, 2ème éd. (1996), ISBN: 2-7615-0153-5
  5. SOCIAL QUESTIONS|health|medical science|immunology

    #620201

    IATE #1128235
    imdhíonacht fhaighte Reference Faomhadh an téarma seo mar chuid de Thionscadal Lex
    ga
    adaptives Immunsystem | spezifisches Immunsystem
    de
    Definition erworbener Teil des Immunsystems, der sich gezielt gegen spezifische Antigene richtet und mittels Gedächtniszellen ein immunologisches Gedächtnis bildet, wodurch bei erneutem Kontakt mit dem jeweiligen Antigen eine schnellere und effektivere Immunantwort erfolgt Reference "Nach: DocCheck Flexikon, „Spezifische Immunreaktion“, http://flexikon.doccheck.com/de/Adaptive_Immunreaktion (31.10.2015)"
    Comment "Man unterscheidet zwei Arten erworbener Immunreaktion: die T-Lymphozyten vermittelte zelluläre Immunantwort und die durch Antikörper von B-Lymphozyten und Plasmazellen vermittelte humorale Immunantwort. T-Lymphozyt [ IATE:1431862 ] 2 zelluläre Immunität [ IATE:1528623 ] B-Lymphozyt [ IATE:1431861 ] Plasmazelle [ IATE:1073797 ] humorale Immunantwort [ IATE:1528606 ] Siehe auch: erworbene Immunität [ IATE:1431364 ]"
    adaptive immune system | acquired immune system
    en
    Definition "subsystem of the overall immune system that is composed of highly specialised systemic cells and processes that eliminate or prevent pathogen growth by creating immunological memory after an initial response to a specific pathogen, leading to an enhanced response to subsequent encounters with that same pathogen" Reference "COM-Terminology Coordination, based on:Wikipedia > Adaptive immune system (14.6.2021)"
    Comment "It is called into action against pathogens that are able to evade or overcome innate immune defences. Components of the adaptive immune system are normally silent; however, when activated, these components ‘adapt’ to the presence of infectious agents by activating, proliferating, and creating potent mechanisms for neutralising or eliminating the microbes. There are two types of adaptive immune response: humoral immunity, mediated by antibodies produced by B lymphocytes, and cell-mediated immunity, mediated by T lymphocytes."
    système immunitaire adaptatif | adaptif | système immunitaire spécifique
    fr
    Definition système immunitaire adapté à la défense contre un antigène donné Reference Lexique des sciences biologiques, Ph. Bourbeau et P. Quirion, Éd. Brault et Bourthillier, 2ème éd. (1996), ISBN: 2-7615-0153-5
    Comment "Le système immunitaire est l'ensemble des organes lymphoïdes qui assurent la protection d'un organisme contre les agressions extérieures.(Source: ibidem)Voir aussi: système immunitaire inné [ IATE:1128234 ]"
  6. SOCIAL QUESTIONS|health|medical science|immunology · SOCIAL QUESTIONS|health|medical science

    #617707

    IATE #1073807
    imdhíonacht ghníomhach Reference Faomhadh an téarma seo mar chuid de Thionscadal Lex
    ga
    aktive Immunität | aktiv erworbene Immunität | adaptive Immunität
    de
    Definition Auf der Entwicklung einer Immunantwort beruhender Schutz, der sich in einem Individuum nach Antigenstimulation, z.B.durch einen Impfstoff oder nach einer Infektion, entwickelt. Reference Lex.Biochemie;W'buch Immunologie
    active acquired immunity | active immunity
    en
    Definition "immunity due to the development of an immune response following stimulation of the immune system by an antigen" Reference "COM-Terminology Coordination, based on:David Baxter, 'Active and passive immunity, vaccine types, excipients and licensing' (22.3.2021), Occupational Medicine (Lond) (2007) 57 (8): 552-556"
    Comment It is an adaptive immune response: the response takes days/weeks to develop but may be long lasting—even lifelong. Active immunity is usually classified as natural or acquired. Wild infection for example with hepatitis A virus (HAV) and subsequent recovery gives rise to a natural active immune response usually leading to lifelong protection. In a similar manner, administration of two doses of hepatitis A vaccine generates an acquired active immune response leading to long-lasting (possibly lifelong) protection. Hepatitis A vaccine has only been licensed since the late 1980s so that follow-up studies of duration of protection are limited to
    immunité active
    fr
  7. SOCIAL QUESTIONS|health|medical science|immunology

    #664469

    IATE #3592029
    imdhíonacht ghníomhach fhaighte nádúrtha Reference Faomhadh an téarma seo mar chuid de Thionscadal Lex
    ga
    natural active acquired immunity | natural active immunity | naturally acquired immunity | natural immunity
    en
    Definition immunity that results from an infection Reference "Government of Nunavut (Canada) > Health > Health Professionals > Manuals/Guidelines > Immunization Manual > 2. Principles of Immunology and Immunization (27.11.2020)"
  8. SOCIAL QUESTIONS|health|medical science|immunology

    #630206

    IATE #1528611
    imdhíonacht iarmharach Reference Faomhadh an téarma seo mar chuid de Thionscadal Lex
    ga
    residual immunity
    en
    Definition immunity remaining many years after a vaccination Reference "COM-Terminology Coordination, based on: Hsinchun Chen, Reagan Moore, Daniel D. Zeng, John Leavitt. 'Intelligence and Security Informatics: Second Symposium on Intelligence and Security Informatics' (27.11.2020), ISI 2004, Tucson, AZ, USA, June 10-11, 2004, Proceedings. Springer, 24 août 2004"
  9. SOCIAL QUESTIONS|health|medical science

    #666841

    IATE #3626875
    imdhíonacht lagaithe Reference "'Éilliú Uisce,' Comhairle Chontae na Gaillimhe, https://www.galway.ie/ga/seirbhisi/uisce/eilliu/ [11.7.2022]Faomhadh an téarma seo mar chuid de Thionscadal Lex"
    ga
    Context 'Daoine le galair ainsealach riospráide, croí, duáin, ae, nó galar néareolaíoch, imdhíonacht lagaithe (bíodh is gur galar nó cóir leighis is cúis leis), diaibéiteas, galair a bhaineann le haemaglóibin...' Reference "'Eolas do mhúinteoirí agus foireann scoile maidir le scaipeadh an fhliú ar scoil a chosc. Fliú Séasúrach 2013-2014. Leagan 1.1 22 Samhain 2012,' Feidhmeannacht na Seirbhíse Sláinte agus HPSC, https://www.hpsc.ie/a-z/otherlanguages/hpscfactsheetsinirish/File,14264,en.pdf [11.7.2022]"
    compromised immunity | impaired immunity
    en
    Definition condition that prevents a person's immune system from functioning as it should Reference "COM-Terminology Coordination, based on: Doenhoff, M., & Davies, A. (1992). 'Hypothesis: Impaired immunity as a factor which contributes to the spread of drug-resistance' (7.2.2022). Parasitology, 105(S1), S103-S105. doi:10.1017/S0031182000075417"
    Comment For example, a medical condition that directly affects the immune response or a medical condition that is managed using immunosuppressive drugs.
  10. TRANSPORT|land transport|land transport|road transport · INDUSTRY|electronics and electrical engineering

    #628769

    IATE #1443651
    imdhíonacht leictreamaighnéadach Reference Faomhadh an téarma seo mar chuid de Thionscadal Lex
    ga
    Context 'Leictreafhuaimíocht - Áiseanna éisteachta - Cuid 13: Riachtanais agus modhanna tomhais maidir le himdhíonacht leictreamaighnéadach in aghaidh feistí digiteacha móibíleacha gan sreang...' Reference "Cinneadh Cur Chun Feidhme (AE) 2021/610 ón gCoimisiún an 14 Aibreán 2021 lena leasaítear Cinneadh Cur Chun Feidhme (AE) 2020/437 a mhéid a bhaineann le caighdeáin chomhchuibhithe maidir le feithiclí leighis agus a dtrealamh, trealamh ainéistéiseach agus riospráide, measúnú bitheolaíoch ar fheistí leighis, pacáistiú le haghaidh feistí leighis atá críochsteirilithe, steiriliú táirgí cúraim sláinte, imscrúdú cliniciúil ar fheistí leighis le haghaidh daoine, ionchlannáin mháinliachta neamhghníomhacha, feistí leighis a úsáideann fíocháin ainmhithe agus a ndíorthaigh, leictreafhuaimíocht agus trealamh leictreach leighis,CELEX:32021D0610/GA"
    Definition acmhainneacht feithicle nó comhpháirte(anna) nó aona(i)d t(h)eicniúil ar leithligh chun oibriú gan díghrádú feidhmíochta agus suaitheadh (sonraithe) leictreamaighnéadach ann lena n-áirítear comharthaí inmhianaithe radaimhinicíochta ó tharchuradóirí nó astaíochtaí radaithe ionbhanda ó threalamh tionsclaíochta eolaíochta leighis (ISM), bíodh go bhfuil siad sin laistigh den fheithicil nó lasmuigh di Reference "Rialachán Uimh. 10 ó na Náisiúin Aontaithe — Forálacha aonfhoirmeacha maidir le mótarfheithiclí a cheadú i ndáil le comhoiriúnacht leictreamaighnéadach [2022/2263],CELEX:42022X2263/GA"
    elektromagnetische Störfestigkeit
    de
    Definition Eigenschaft eines Fahrzeugs, von Bauteilen oder selbständigen technischen Einheiten, bei (bestimmten) elektromagnetischen Störungen, darunter gewünschte Hochfrequenzsignale von Funksendern oder gestrahlte In-band-Aussendungen von ISM-Geräten (Industrial, Scientific, Medical) innerhalb oder außerhalb des Fahrzeugs, ohne Leistungsminderung zu funktionieren Reference "Regelung Nr. 10 der Wirtschaftskommission der Vereinten Nationen für Europa (UNECE) — Einheitliche Bedingungen für die Genehmigung der Fahrzeuge hinsichtlich der elektromagnetischen Verträglichkeit [2017/260]"
    electromagnetic immunity
    en
    Definition ability of a vehicle or component(s) or separate technical unit(s) to operate without degradation of performance in the presence of (specified) electromagnetic disturbances which includes wanted radio frequency signals from radio transmitters or radiated in-band emissions of industrial-scientific-medical (ISM) apparatus, internal or external to the vehicle Reference "Regulation No 10 of the Economic Commission for Europe of the United Nations (UNECE) — Uniform provisions concerning the approval of vehicles with regard to electromagnetic compatibility [2017/260]"
    immunité électromagnétique
    fr
    Definition aptitude d'un véhicule ou d'un ou plusieurs composants ou entités techniques distinctes à fonctionner sans dégradation de leurs performances en présence de perturbations électromagnétiques (spécifiées), notamment les signaux Radio Fréquence (RF) utiles d'émetteurs de radio ou les émissions rayonnées dans la bande d'appareils industriels, scientifiques et médicaux (ISM), à l'intérieur ou l'extérieur du véhicule Reference "Règlement n° 10 de la Commission économique pour l'Europe des Nations unies (CEE-ONU) — Prescriptions uniformes relatives à l'homologation des véhicules en ce qui concerne la compatibilité électromagnétique [2017/260]"
  11. SCIENCE|natural and applied sciences|life sciences|biology · SOCIAL QUESTIONS|health|medical science|immunology

    #665046

    IATE #3593374
    imdhíonacht lionnach inbheirthe Reference Faomhadh an téarma seo mar chuid de Thionscadal Lex
    ga
    humoral innate immunity | innate humoral immunity
    en
    Definition part of the innate immunity that comes in a protein chemical form Reference "COM-Terminology Coordination, based on: MedlinePlus. Medical Encyclopedia → 'Immune response' (22.3.2021)"
  12. SOCIAL QUESTIONS|health|medical science

    #630205

    IATE #1528606
    imdhíonacht llionnach Reference Faomhadh an téarma seo mar chuid de Thionscadal Lex
    ga
    humorale Immunität | humarale Immunantwort | antikörpervermittelte Immunantwort
    de
    Definition fast stets allgemeine Immunitaet aufgrund einer AG-AK-Reaktion mit humoralen Antikoerpern Reference Reallex Med
    humoral immunity | antibody-mediated system
    en
    Definition "acquired immunity mediated by antibodies" Reference "COM-Terminology Coordination, based on:Francisco A Bonilla. The humoral immune response. UpToDate, http://www.uptodate.com/contents/the-humoral-immune-response [22.1.2014]"
    Comment "Humoral immunity includes the primary and secondary immune responses to antigen. During the primary immune response, an antigen is encountered by the host for the first time. Virgin B cells need to be activated and proliferate before an effective immune response can be generated. This primary response may be too slow to protect against many pathogens, therefore polyspecific natural antibodies with low affinity and the innate immune system may be utilized to limit microbial replication at the onset of infection. By comparison, the secondary antibody response, which results from the activation of a memory B cell, is faster and more effective in halting the progress of infection due to increased antibody binding affinities.See also:- cell-mediated immunity"
    immunité humorale | réaction humorale | réaction immunitaire humorale | réponse humorale
    fr
    Definition Etat d'immunité dû à la présence d'anticorps dans le sérum sanguin. Reference Manuila
  13. SOCIAL QUESTIONS|health|medical science|immunology

    #603031

    IATE #267206
    imdhíonacht mhúcóis Reference Faomhadh an téarma seo mar chuid de Thionscadal Lex
    ga
    Mukosa-Immunität
    de
    mucosal immunity | mucous immunity
    en
    Definition immunity that encompasses adaptive immune regulation that can involve systemic processes, local tissue-based innate and inflammatory events, intrinsic defenses and highly conserved cell autonomous cytoprotective responses. Reference "Neish, A. S., 'Mucosal immunity and the microbiome' (27.11.2020), Annals of the American Thoracic Society 2014;11 Suppl 1(Suppl 1):S28-S32, doi:10.1513/AnnalsATS.201306-161MG"
    immunité muqueuse
    fr
  14. SOCIAL QUESTIONS|health|medical science|immunology

    #630207

    IATE #1528612
    imdhíonacht nádúrtha Reference Faomhadh an téarma seo mar chuid de Thionscadal Lex
    ga
    natürliche erworbene Immunität | natürliche Immunität
    de
    Definition durch Krankheit oder diaplazentare AK-Uebertragung erworbene aktive beziehungsweise passive Immunitaet Reference Reallex Med
    natural immunity | innate immunity
    en
    Definition "immunity that an organism is born with" Reference "Nicole Gleichmann. 'Active vs Passive Immunity: Differences and Definition' (27.11.2020). Immunology & Microbiology from Technology Networks"
    immunité naturelle | immunité innée
    fr
  15. SOCIAL QUESTIONS|health|medical science|immunology · SCIENCE|natural and applied sciences|life sciences|biology

    #665048

    IATE #3593379
    imdhíonacht oilte Reference Faomhadh an téarma seo mar chuid de Thionscadal Lex
    ga
    trained immunity
    en
    Definition "modification of cells in the innate immune system (the one with which an organism is born) to create a ""memory"" of a pathogen" Reference "Wikipedia > Trained immunity (22.3.2021)"
  16. SOCIAL QUESTIONS|health|medical science · AGRICULTURE, FORESTRY AND FISHERIES|agricultural activity|animal health

    #658480

    IATE #3573660
    imdhíonacht ón máthair Reference Faomhadh an téarma seo mar chuid de Thionscadal Lex
    ga
    maternal immunity
    en
    Definition immunity transferred across the placenta, colostrum, milk or eggs from mother to offspring Reference "Shicui Zhang, Zhiping Wang, Hongmiao Wang, 'Maternal immunity in fish' (3.1.2023), Developmental & Comparative Immunology, Volume 39, Issues 1–2, January–February 2013, Pages 72-78."
  17. SOCIAL QUESTIONS|health|medical science|immunology

    #630144

    IATE #1522343
    imdhíonacht phríomhúil Reference Faomhadh an téarma seo mar chuid de Thionscadal Lex
    ga
    primary immunity
    en
    Definition "humoral immunity where antibodies produced by plasma cells inhibit the pathogen" Reference "COM-Terminology Coordination, based on: A level biology student. 'The Specific Immune system' (27.11.2020)"
  18. SOCIAL QUESTIONS|health|medical science|immunology

    #637911

    IATE #1911478
    imdhíonacht steiriliúcháin Reference Faomhadh an téarma seo mar chuid de Thionscadal Lex
    ga
    sterilising immunity | sterilizing immunity
    en
    Definition vaccination induced immunity which prevents effective virus infection into the host Reference "COM-Terminology Coordination, based on:1) Andre, F. E., et al. 'Vaccination greatly reduces disease, disability, death and inequity worldwide' (21.8.2020), Bulletin of the World Health Organization, Vol 86 No 2 20082) Dutta, A., et al., 'Sterilizing immunity to influenza virus infection requires local antigen-specific T cell response in the lungs' (21.8.2020), Scientific Reports, 2016;6:32973, Published 2016 Sep 6. doi:10.1038/srep32973"
  19. SOCIAL QUESTIONS|health|medical science|immunology

    #664466

    IATE #3592025
    imdhíonacht thánaisteach Reference Faomhadh an téarma seo mar chuid de Thionscadal Lex
    ga
    secondary immunity
    en
    Definition "humoral immunity in which antibodies produced by memory cells inhibit the pathogen upon second infection" Reference "COM-Terminology Coordination, based on: A level biology student. 'The Specific Immune system' (27.11.2020)"
  20. SOCIAL QUESTIONS|health|medical science · SOCIAL QUESTIONS|health|medical science|epidemiology

    #619369

    IATE #1109120
    imdhíonacht tréada Reference Faomhadh an téarma seo mar chuid de Thionscadal Lex
    ga
    Context '“Imdhíonacht tréada” nó “imdhíonacht phobail” a thugtar ar an bhfeiniméan sin.' Reference "'An tAontas Eorpach,' https://europa.eu/euprotects/our-health/unity-and-immunity-how-eu-makes-sure-vaccines-are-safe-and-available-throughout-europe_ga [21.2.20]"
    Herdenimmunität | Herdenschutz
    de
    Definition indirekte Form des Schutzes vor einer ansteckenden Krankheit, der entsteht, wenn ein hoher Prozentsatz einer Population bereits immun geworden ist – sei es durch Infektion oder durch Impfung –, sodass sich die Ausbreitungsmöglichkeiten des Erregers innerhalb der Population insgesamt vermindern Reference "Wikipedia, Stichwort Herdenimmunität (16.4.2020)"
    herd immunity | community immunity
    en
    Definition level of immunity reached when a significant percentage of a population is immunised against a contagious disease, thereby providing a measure of protection for individuals who are not immune Reference "COM-Terminology Coordination, based on: Wikipedia > Herd immunity (14.1.2020)"
    Comment Herd immunity, also known as indirect protection, community immunity, or community protection, refers to the protection of susceptible individuals against an infection when a sufficiently large proportion of immune individuals exist in a population. In other words, herd immunity is the inability of infected individuals to propagate an epidemic outbreak due to lack of contact with sufficient numbers of susceptible individuals. It stems from the individual immunity that may be gained through natural infection or through vaccination. The term herd immunity was initially introduced more than a century ago. In the latter half of the 20th century, the use of the term became more prevalent with the expansion of immunization programs and the need for describing targets for immunization coverage, discussions on disease eradication, and cost-effectiveness analyses of vaccination programs.Eradication of smallpox and sustained reductions in disease incidence in adults and those who are not vaccinated following routine childhood immunization with conjugated Haemophilus influenzae type B and pneumococcal vaccines are successful examples of the effects of vaccine-induced herd immunity.
    immunité collective | immunité de groupe | immunité de communauté | immunité grégaire
    fr
    Definition "niveau d'immunité atteint lorsqu'un certain pourcentage d'une population est immunisée contre une maladie contagieuse, permettant ainsi de diminuer le risque de rencontre entre un malade et une personne non immunisée et, dès lors, de diminuer le risque d'une épidémie; principe sur lequel repose la vaccination" Reference "Conseil-FR, d'après:- Site de l'Organisation mondiale de la santé, ""Immunité collective, la lutte contre la rougeole est une responsabilité collective"" (16.4.2020) - Site de franceinfo, ""Coronavirus: on vous explique le principe de l'""immunité collective"", sur laquelle misent le Royaume-Uni et les Pays-Bas"" (16.4.2020)"