SOCIAL QUESTIONS|health|pharmaceutical industry
- athchur Reference an Ghníomhaireacht Eorpach Comhshaoil (GEC)
- ga
- Ersatz
- de
- replacement
- en
- Definition 1.Substitution of an atom or atomic group with a different one. Reference 1.ZINZAN;
39 results
- SOCIAL QUESTIONS|health|medical science|toxicology · SCIENCE|natural and applied sciences|life sciences|biology
- só-ghineach lena spreagtar ionadú péire bunaidh Reference Faomhadh an téarma seo mar chuid de Thionscadal Lex
- ga
- Basenaustauschmutagen | Basenpaaraustauschmutagen
- de
- Definition Agenzien, die in DNA eine Basenveränderung verursachen Reference "Verordnung (EG) Nr. 440/2008 der Kommission zur Festlegung von Prüfmethoden gemäß der Verordnung (EG) Nr. 1907/2006 des Europäischen Parlaments und des Rates zur Registrierung, Bewertung, Zulassung und Beschränkung chemischer Stoffe (REACH) CELEX:32008R0440/DE"
- Comment "siehe auch IATE:1106591"
- base pair substitution mutagen | base substitution mutagen
- en
- Definition agent that causes a base change in DNA Reference "Council Regulation (EC) No 440/2008 laying down test methods pursuant to Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 of the European Parliament and of the Council on the Registration, Evaluation, Authorisation and Restriction of Chemicals (REACH) CELEX:32008R0440/EN"
- Comment "In a reversion test [ IATE:3526642 ] this change may occur at the site of the original mutation, or at a second site in the bacterial genomeSee also base pair substitution [ IATE:1594439 ]"
- mutagène provoquant la substitution de paires de base
- fr
- Definition agent qui entraîne le remplacement d'une base de l'ADN. Lors d'un essai de réversion, cette modification peut avoir lieu sur le site de la mutationinitiale ou sur un autre site du génome bactérien Reference "Règlement (CE) n° 440/2008 de la Commission du 30 mai 2008 établissant des méthodes d'essai conformément au règlement (CE) n° 1907/2006 du Parlement européen et du Conseil concernant l'enregistrement, l'évaluation et l'autorisation des substances chimiques, ainsi que les restrictions applicables à ces substances (REACH) , http://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=OJ:L:2008:142:0001:01:FR:HTML"
- SOCIAL QUESTIONS|health|pharmaceutical industry · SOCIAL QUESTIONS|health|pharmaceutical industry|pharmaceutical product|medicament · SOCIAL QUESTIONS|health|pharmaceutical industry|pharmaceutical product|medicament|generic drug
- malartú druga chineálaigh Reference Faomhadh an téarma seo mar chuid de Thionscadal Lex
- ga
- generic substitution
- en
- Definition "practice in which a pharmacist fills a prescription with a therapeutically equivalent generic drug instead of an originator product" Reference "COM-Terminology Coordination, based on: Håkonsen, H., and Toverud, E.-L., 'A review of patient perspectives on generics substitution: what are the challenges for optimal drug use (10.1.2020)', Generics and Biosimilars Initiative Journal, 2012; 1(1): 28-32."
- Comment "Generic drugs are off-patent drugs but not necessarily unbranded drugs; see also branded generics. The generic drug will contain the same active substance as the prescribed drug but in a different form."
- ECONOMICS · TRADE|trade policy|import policy
- ionadú allmhairí Reference Faomhadh an téarma seo mar chuid de Thionscadal Lex
- ga
- Importsubstitution
- de
- Definition Ersetzen von Importen durch inländische Produktion zur Stimulierung der ínländischen Wirtschaft Reference "Council-DE, Gabler Wirtschaftslexikon http://wirtschaftslexikon.gabler.de/Definition/importsubstitution.html (17.3.2014)"
- Comment dient u.a. der Gewährung von Entwicklungschancen für junge Industrien und wird v.a. für Entwicklungsländer diskutiertDIV: aih, 17.3.2014
- import substitution
- en
- Definition method employed by a government to stimulate the economy by substituting domestic products for similar imported products Reference "'import substitution'. Investor words. http://www.investorwords.com/16474/import_substitution.html [12.3.2014]"
- Comment "Import substitution may be encouraged through publicity campaigns, such as the ""Buy American"" campaign launched to decrease trade deficits in the United States, or enforced by means of tariffs and other trade barriers."
- LAW
- príosúnacht in ionad ... Reference Coinbhinsiún um fhorghníomhú pianbhreitheanna coiriúla coigríche
- ga
- TRADE|tariff policy
- mar mhalairt ar chúotaí Reference Conradh CEE, Airt. 44(1)
- ga
- anstelle von Kontingenten
- de
- Comment MISC: aus EG-Wörterverzeichnis.
- SOCIAL QUESTIONS|social affairs|social problem · SOCIAL QUESTIONS|health|health policy · SOCIAL QUESTIONS|health|medical science
- teiripe ionadaithe le hóipiamóidigh Reference Faomhadh an téarma seo mar chuid de Thionscadal Lex
- ga
- opioid substitution treatment | opioid substitution therapy | OST | opioid substitution | substitution treatment | substitution therapy
- en
- Definition form of medical care offered to opiate addicts (primarily heroin addicts) based on a similar or identical substance to the drug normally used Reference "European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA) > Key role of substitutionin drug treatment, http://www.emcdda.europa.eu/attachements.cfm/att_33470_EN_Dif01en.pdf (24.11.2009)"
- Comment It is offered in two forms: maintenance — providing the user with enough of the substance to reduce risky or harmful behaviour; or detoxification — gradually cutting the quantity of the drug to zero.
- FINANCE|financial institutions and credit
- sócmhainn ionadaíochta Reference "Togra le haghaidh Treoir maidir le ceist na mbannaí faoi chumhdach agus na maoirseachta poiblí ar bhannaí faoi chumhdach lena leasaítear Treoir 2009/65/CE agus Treoir 2014/59/AE, CELEX:52018PC0094/GA ;Faomhadh an téarma seo mar chuid de Thionscadal Lex"
- ga
- Definition sócmhainn a rannchuidíonn le ceanglais chumhdaigh, cé is moite de na sócmhainní príomhúla Reference "Togra le haghaidh Treoir maidir le ceist na mbannaí faoi chumhdach agus na maoirseachta poiblí ar bhannaí faoi chumhdach lena leasaítear Treoir 2009/65/CE agus Treoir 2014/59/AE, CELEX:52018PC0094/GA"
- substituierende Aktiva
- de
- Definition Vermögenswerte, die zur Erfüllung der Deckungsanforderungen beitragen und keine Primäraktiva sind Reference "Vorschlag für eine Richtlinie über die Emission gedeckter Schuldverschreibungen und die öffentliche Aufsicht über gedeckte Schuldverschreibungen und zur Änderung der Richtlinien 2009/65/EG und 2014/59/EU COM/2018/094 final CELEX:52018PC0094/DE"
- substitution asset
- en
- Definition "asset contributing to the coverage requirements, other than the primary asset" Reference "Directive (EU) 2019/2162 on the issue of covered bonds and covered bond public supervision (20.8.2020)"
- actif de substitution
- fr
- Definition actif contribuant aux exigences de couverture autre qu'un actif principal Reference "Proposition de directive concernant l’émission d’obligations garanties et la surveillance publique des obligations garanties, CELEX:52018PC0094/FR [16.4.2018]"
- BUSINESS AND COMPETITION|competition|competition law
- córas aisíocaíochta na n-ionaduithe Reference Faomhadh an téarma seo mar chuid de Thionscadal Lex
- ga
- substitution drawback system
- en
- Definition system allowing for the refund or drawback of import charges on inputs which are consumed in the production process of another product and where the export of this latter product contains domestic inputs having the same quality and characteristics as those substituted for the imported Reference "COM-EN, based on:World Trade Organization. home > documents > legal texts > subsidies & countervailing measures. http://www.wto.org/english/docs_e/legal_e/24-scm_03_e.htm#annIII_i [4.1.2011]"
- Comment Pursuant to paragraph (i) of the Illustrative List of Export Subsidies in Annex I, substitution drawback systems can constitute an export subsidy to the extent that they result in an excess drawback of the import charges levied initially on the imported inputs for which drawback is being claimed.
- ECONOMICS · TRADE|trade policy · AGRICULTURE, FORESTRY AND FISHERIES
- iarmhairt ó ionadú Reference Foclóir Staidéir Ghnó
- ga
- substitution effect
- en
- Definition "Ammer and Ammer : Dictionary of Business and Economics defines ""substitution effect"" as : ""the effect on the overall demand for a product of a price change that results in users' substituting a cheaper product for it ...""" Reference ---
- Comment CONTEXT: Market supply and demand.
- FINANCE|financial institutions and credit
- iarmhairt ar ionadú Reference Faomhadh an téarma seo mar chuid de Thionscadal Lex
- ga
- substitution effect
- en
- Definition effect of a credit risk mitigation technique whereby the risk weight of the issuer of the collateral or the guarantor of an exposure is substituted for that of the underlying obligor Reference "COM-EN, based on publication ""Industry views on Credit Risk Mitigation"", Basel Committee on Banking Supervision, January 2000, http://www.bis.org/publ/bcbs67.pdf [15.1.2014]"
- INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS|defence · EUROPEAN UNION|European construction|European Union
- misean ionadaíochta póilíneachta Reference Faomhadh an téarma seo mar chuid de Thionscadal Lex
- ga
- Mission zur Ersetzung der örtlichen Polizeikräfte | Substituierungsmission
- de
- Definition Gegenstück zur Mission zur Stärkung der lokalen Polizeikräfte: Wenn im Krisengebiet die lokalen Strukturen zusammengebrochen sind, wird die lokale Polizei durch Polizeikräfte der Europäischen Union ersetzt (Beispiel: Kosovo) Reference ---
- Comment CONTEXT: Krisenbewältigung;XREF: A336450 (strengthening mission/Mission zur Stärkung der lokalen Polizeikräfte);DIV: ST 10/09/2003;UPDATED: ST 15/12/2000
- substitution mission | substituting for local police forces | police substitution mission
- en
- Definition The Nice European Council identified two generic concepts in the use of police forces as part of crisis management under the CFSP: strengthening of local police forces and substituting for local police forces. The main task of a European Union police force substituting for local police in the post crisis stage of civil reconstruction and the return of local institutions to proper operation is to help restore public security (keep order, protect people and property) by tackling violence, reducing tension and defusing disputes of all kinds, as well as facilitating the reactivation of judicial and penal facilities. Reference 400/1/00 ADD 1 REV 1, p. 65
- mission de substitution aux polices locales
- fr
- Definition Deux concepts génériques d'emploi de forces de police ont été définis: le renforcement des polices locales et la substitution aux polices locales. En ce qui concerne les missions de substitution aux polices locales, la tâche principale des forces de police de l'UE est de contribuer au rétablissement de la sécurité publique (maintien de l'ordre, protection des biens et des personnes). Il s'agit de lutter contre les violences, de réduire les tensions, de désamorcer les contentieux de tous niveaux en facilitant notamment la réactivation des organes judiciaires et pénitentiaires. Reference ---
- Comment "Voir aussi: ""renforcement des polices locales""."
- SCIENCE|natural and applied sciences|life sciences|biology · SOCIAL QUESTIONS|health|medical science
- ionadú péire bunaidh Reference Faomhadh an téarma seo mar chuid de Thionscadal Lex
- ga
- Punktmutation
- de
- Definition Deletion oder Insertion eines einzigen Basenpaares Reference Manfred Eichhorn, Langenscheidt-Redaktion (Hrsg.): Langenscheidt Fachwörterbuch Biologie Englisch-Deutsch. Langenscheidt: München, 2007, s. v. „point mutation“.
- point mutation | gene point mutation | substitution mutation | base pair substitution | base-pair mutation | simple mutation | single-site mutation
- en
- Definition mutation in DNA or RNA molecule involving the replacement or substitution of only one nucleotide base Reference "COM-EN, based on: - Biology Online > Dictionary > Point mutation (8.5.2025) - Biology Online > Dictionary > Base pair substitution (8.5.2025)"
- Comment "This type of mutation occurring in noncoding sequences often does not result in an altered amino acid sequence during translation. If a mutation in the promoter sequence of a gene occurs, the effect may be apparent since the expression of the gene may cause changes in the amino acid sequence, as well as the structure and function of the protein product.Point mutations may be classified on the basis of functionality:- nonsense mutation- missense mutation- silent mutation Depending on the type of nitrogenous base involved, this type of mutation may be categorized as:- transition- transversion Not to be confused with the broader term gene mutation which also covers frame shift mutation."
- ENVIRONMENT
- ionadaíocht a dhéanamh ar chomhdhúil halaiginithe Reference an Ghníomhaireacht Eorpach Comhshaoil (GEC)
- ga
- substitution of halogenated compounds
- en
- Definition 1.Halogenated compounds, because of their toxical and persistent character, should be substituted by environmental friendly compounds, like water-based fat solvents in metal processing industry or water-based coating agents. Reference 1.RRDA;
- ENVIRONMENT
- ionadaíocht a dhéanamh ar fhosfáit Reference an Ghníomhaireacht Eorpach Comhshaoil (GEC)
- ga
- substitution of phosphate
- en
- Definition 1.Replacement of phosphate in detergents by environmentally safer substances, such as zeolite. The substitute will not act as a nutrient, and so will not cause eutrophication as a result of the accelerated growth of plants and microorganisms if it is released into waterways. Reference 1.WRIGHTa;
- SOCIAL QUESTIONS|social affairs|social problem
- cóireáil le substaint ionadaíoch Reference Faomhadh an téarma seo mar chuid de Thionscadal Lex
- ga
- Definition cineál cóireála míochaine a thairgtear d’andúiligh codlaidíneach ina n-úsáidtear substaint chomhchosúil nó macasamhail den druga neamhdhleathach a úsáidtear de ghnáth Reference an Lárionad Faireacháin Eorpach um Dhrugaí agus um Andúil i nDrugaí (EMCDDA), url: EMCDDA.europa.eu [16/10/2013]
- Substitutionsbehandlung | Erhaltungstherapie
- de
- Definition Ärztliche Betreuung von Personen, die von Opiaten abhängig sind, unter Einsatz einer Substanz, die der illegalen Droge, die normalerweise konsumiert wird, ähnlich oder identisch mit ihr ist. Reference European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA), url:EMCDDA.europa.eu [14.12.2010]
- substitution treatment | maintenance treatment
- en
- Definition form of medical care offered to opiate addicts using a similar or identical substance to the illicit drug normally used. (see also medically assisted and pharmacological treatment) Reference European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA), url:EMCDDA.europa.eu [14.12.2010]
- traitement de substitution
- fr
- Definition forme de soins médicaux offerts aux opiomanes et faisant appel à une substance similaire ou identique à la drogue illicite normalement consommée. Reference Observatoire européen des drogues et des toxicomanies (OEDT), url:EMCDDA.europa.eu [23.02.2011]
- POLITICS|parliamentary proceedings · EDUCATION AND COMMUNICATIONS|documentation · EUROPEAN UNION|EU institutions and European civil service|EU institution|European Parliament
- measúnú tionchair ionaid Reference ---
- ga
- substitute impact assessment | alternative impact assessment
- en
- Definition the European Parliament’s own impact assessment of the aspects not dealt with at all in the Commission’s original impact assessment, prepared or commissioned by the Ex-Ante Impact Assessment Unit of the European Parliamentary Research Service at the request of the committee(s) responsible, on the basis of a decision by the coordinators Reference "EP-Terminology Coordination, based on:European Parliament, Conference of Committee Chairs, Impact Assessment Handbook. Guidelines for Committees, Section II, Point 14, 12 September 2017, http://www.europarl.europa.eu/EPRS/IA_Handbook_12_September_2017.pdf [29.5.2018]"
- analyse d’impact de substitution
- fr
- Definition analyse d’impact réalisée par l’unité «Évaluation ex ante de l’impact» du Parlement européen en l’absence d’analyse d’impact produite par la Commission Reference "PE-FR, d’après le Rapport de la Commission – Rapport annuel 2013 sur la subsidiarité et la proportionnalité, CELEX:52014DC0506/FR"
- ECONOMICS · TRADE|marketing|preparation for market
- earraí ionaid Reference Faomhadh an téarma seo mar chuid de Thionscadal Lex
- ga
- substitutional goods | substitute goods
- en
- Definition a relationship between two or more commodities such that commodity X is substitutive for commodity Y in the customer's budget... Reference ---
- biens de substitution | biens succédanés | biens apparentés
- fr
- Definition ..-- ou biens succédanés, procurent des satisfactions de besoins identiques et peuvent donc être utilisés indifféremment...fiche.. Reference ---
- ENERGY|energy policy|energy policy|substitute fuel
- breosla inionadaithe Reference "Faofa ag an gCoiste Téarmaíochta, www.tearma.ieFaomhadh an téarma seo mar chuid de Thionscadal Lex"
- ga
- drop-in-fähiger Kraftstoff | Drop-in-Kraftstoff | Ersatzkraftstoff
- de
- Definition flüssiger Kraftstoff, der konventionellen Kraft- und Brennstoffen in bestimmten Anteilen zugemischt werden kann und kaum Veränderung an der Fahrzeugtechnik erfordert und auf die gleiche Infrastruktur (Lagerung, Verteilung/Vertrieb) zurückgreift Reference "Technische Universität Bergakademie Freiberg, Professur für Reaktionstechnik: Herstellung THG-reduzierterflüssiger Kraft- und Brennstoffe. Kurzstudie im Auftrag des Instituts für Wärme und Oeltechnik IWO e.V. und mit freundlicher Unterstützung von eurofuel, 4.9.2017, https://www.zukunftsheizen.de/fileadmin/user_upload/3_Technik/3.6_Projekte_und_Studien/Studie_THG_reduzierte_Kraftstoffe_.pdf (20.4.2018)"
- drop-in fuel
- en
- Definition synthetic and completely interchangeable substitute for conventional petroleum-derived hydrocarbons Reference "AINSWORTH ENERGY. 'Drop-in Fuels' (14.7.2020)"
- Comment It does not require adaptation of the engine, fuel system or the fuel distribution network. It can be used “as is” in currently available engines either in pure form and/or blended in any amount with other drop-in neat, drop-in blend, or conventional fuels.
- carburant de substitution
- fr
- Definition carburant issu de la conversion de résidus de biomasse de faible valeur en gaz de synthèse ultrapur, appelé «gaz biomassique de synthèse», pouvant être transformé par la suite en biocarburants liquides, qui sont chimiquement identiques aux carburants hydrocarbonés Reference "PE-FR, d'après le site de Ressources naturelles du Canada, «Transformation de résidus riches en biomasse en carburants de substitution» (24.4.2017), http://www.rncan.gc.ca/energie/financement/programmes-financement-actuels/iei/16081 [3.4.2018]"
- TRANSPORT · ENERGY|energy policy|energy industry|fuel · ENERGY|energy policy|energy policy|substitute fuel
- breosla malartach Reference "Rialachán (AE) 2019/1242 lena socraítear na caighdeáin feidhmíochta maidir le hastaíochtaí CO2 d’fheithiclí nua tromshaothair"
- ga
- Context 'Breosla malartach atá ar fáil d’fheithiclí tromshaothair is ea an gás nádúrtha leachtaithe (GNL) in áit díosail' Reference "Rialachán (AE) 2019/1242 lena socraítear na caighdeáin feidhmíochta maidir le hastaíochtaí CO2 d’fheithiclí nua tromshaothair"
- breosla ionadúil Reference Faomhadh an téarma seo mar chuid de Thionscadal Lex
- ga
- alternativer Kraftstoff | alternativer Energieträger | alternativer Brennstoff
- de
- Definition Kraftstoff oder Energiequellen, der/die zumindest teilweise als Ersatz für Erdöl als Energieträger für den Verkehrssektor dient, damit zur Reduzierung der CO2-Emissionen beiträgt und die Umweltverträglichkeit des Verkehrssektors erhöhen kann Reference "Council-DE, gestützt auf Richtlinie 2014/94/EU über den Aufbau der Infrastruktur für alternative Kraftstoffe, Art. 2 Abs. 1"
- Comment "Dazu zählen u.a. - Elektrizität, - Wasserstoff, - Biokraftstoff [XREF: Biodiesel ]- synthetische und paraffinhaltige Kraftstoffe, - Erdgas, einschließlich Biomethan, gasförmig (komprimiertes Erdgas (CNG)) und flüssig (Flüssigerdgas (LNG)) und - Flüssiggas (LPG)"
- alternative fuel | alternative motor fuel
- en
- Definition fuel or power source which serves, at least partly, as a substitute for fossil oil sources in the energy used for transport and which have the potential to contribute to its decarbonisation and enhance the environmental performance of the transport sector Reference "Council-EN based on: Regulation (EU) 2023/1804 on the deployment of alternative fuels infrastructure"
- Comment They include, inter alia: electricity, hydrogen, ammonia, biomass fuels and biofuels, synthetic and paraffinic fuels, natural gas, and liquefied petroleum gas
- carburant alternatif | combustible de substitution | combustible alternatif
- fr
- Definition carburant ou source d’énergie qui sert, au moins partiellement, de substitut aux carburants fossiles dans l’énergie utilisée pour les transports et peut contribuer à la décarbonation de ces derniers et à améliorer la performance environnementale du secteur des transports Reference "Conseil-FR, d'après le règlement (UE) 2023/1804 sur le déploiement d’une infrastructure pour carburants alternatifs et abrogeant la directive 2014/94/UE "
- Comment "Voir aussi: - biocarburant, - combustible dérivé de déchets et - biomasse."