INDUSTRY|chemistry
- imoibriú a thiomáint Tagairt Faomhadh an téarma seo mar chuid de Thionscadal Lex
- ga
38 toradh
- SCIENCE|natural and applied sciences|life sciences
- imoibriú aibitheach trasfhoirmiúcháin Tagairt Faomhadh an téarma seo mar chuid de Thionscadal Lex
- ga
- abiotic transformation reaction | reactions
- en
- Sainmhíniú transformation processes which occur without the mediation of microorganisms, including hydrolysis, oxidation-reduction and photochemical reactions Tagairt "COM-EN, based on: Raymond Nen Yong. Geoenvironmental engineering: contaminated soils, pollutant fate and mitigation (1.12.2020)"
- AGRICULTURE, FORESTRY AND FISHERIES|agricultural activity|animal health
- imoibriú aigéad sáriadach Schiff Tagairt Faomhadh an téarma seo mar chuid de Thionscadal Lex
- ga
- imoibriú ASS Tagairt Faomhadh an téarma seo mar chuid de Thionscadal Lex
- ga
- SCIENCE|natural and applied sciences|life sciences|biology|genetics
- imoibriú aimpliúcháin einsíme eangúcháin Tagairt Faomhadh an téarma seo mar chuid de Thionscadal Lex
- ga
- NEAR Tagairt Faomhadh an téarma seo mar chuid de Thionscadal Lex
- ga
- nicking enzyme amplification reaction | NEAR
- en
- Sainmhíniú isothermal amplification method where a set of target-specific primers, a nicking endonuclease, and a strand displacing DNA polymerase are used for isothermal unwinding and subsequent generation and amplification of these small DNA or RNA fragments Tagairt "COM-PT based on: Dunbar, S., Das, S., 'Amplification chemistries in clinical virology' (1.9.2021), Journal of Clinical Virology, 019 Jun; 115: 18–31."
- INDUSTRY|chemistry|chemical compound · PRODUCTION, TECHNOLOGY AND RESEARCH|technology and technical regulations|technology|choice of technology|clean technology|carbon capture and storage · INDUSTRY|electronics and electrical engineering · INDUSTRY|chemistry|chemical industry|hydrogen production
- imoibriú aistrithe uisce chuig gás Tagairt "Rialachán Tarmligthe (AE) 2024/873 lena leasaítear Rialachán Tarmligthe (AE) 2019/331 a mhéid a bhaineann le rialacha idirthréimhseacha uile-Aontais maidir le leithdháileadh lamháltas astaíochtaí saor in aisce comhchuibhithe, CELEX:32024R0873/GA Faomhadh an téarma seo mar chuid de Thionscadal Lex"
- ga
- water gas shift reaction
- en
- Sainmhíniú reaction of carbon monoxide and water vapor to form carbon dioxide and hydrogen Tagairt "Wikipedia > 'water gas shift reaction' (20.7.2020)"
- Nóta The WGSR is an important industrial reaction that is used in the manufacture of ammonia, hydrocarbons, methanol, and hydrogen. It is also often used in conjunction with steam forming of methane and other hydrocarbons.
- SCIENCE|natural and applied sciences|life sciences
- imoibriú bitheach trasfhoirmiúcháin Tagairt Faomhadh an téarma seo mar chuid de Thionscadal Lex
- ga
- biotic transformation reaction
- en
- Sainmhíniú biologically mediated tranformation reactions, including associated chemical reactions arising from microbial activities Tagairt "Raymond Nen Yong. Geoenvironmental engineering: contaminated soils, pollutant fate and mitigation (1.12.2020)"
- Nóta They are the only types of transformation processes that can lead to mineralisation of the subject organic compound
- INDUSTRY|chemistry|chemical industry|hydrogen production · SCIENCE|natural and applied sciences|applied sciences|industrial chemistry
- imoibriú Boudouard Tagairt Faomhadh an téarma seo mar chuid de Thionscadal Lex
- ga
- Boudouard reaction
- en
- Sainmhíniú "redox reaction of a chemical equilibrium mixture of carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide at a given temperature" Tagairt "Wikipedia > Boudouard reaction (24.4.2024)"
- INDUSTRY|chemistry
- imoibriú catalaíoch Tagairt Faomhadh an téarma seo mar chuid de Thionscadal Lex
- ga
- catalytic action
- en
- Sainmhíniú chemical reaction between a catalyst and a reactant, forming chemical intermediates that are able to react more readily with each other or with another reactant, to form the desired end product Tagairt "COM-EN, based on: Brittannica Academic Edition > catalyst. http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/99128/catalyst [4.4.2013]"
- Nóta During the reaction between the chemical intermediates and the reactants, the catalyst is regenerated. The modes of reactions between the catalysts and the reactants vary widely and in solid catalysts are often complex. Typical of these reactions are acid–base reactions, oxidation–reduction reactions, formation of coordination complexes, and formation of free radicals. With solid catalysts the reaction mechanism is strongly influenced by surface properties and electronic or crystal structures. Certain solid catalysts, called polyfunctional catalysts, are capable of more than one mode of interaction with the reactants; bifunctional catalysts are used extensively for reforming reactions in the petroleum industry.
- INDUSTRY|chemistry
- imoibriú ceimiceach Tagairt an Ghníomhaireacht Eorpach Comhshaoil (GEC)
- ga
- réaction chimique
- fr
- Sainmhíniú changement de la composition chimique d'une matière dans des conditions comme l'exposition à la chaleur, à la lumière ou au feu et le contact avec d'autres produits chimiques Tagairt d'après Gloss.Produits dangereux,ANPAT,1990
- SCIENCE|natural and applied sciences|life sciences|pharmacology
- imoibriú comhchuingiúcháin Tagairt Faomhadh an téarma seo mar chuid de Thionscadal Lex
- ga
- conjugation | conjugation reaction | phase II reaction | phase II metabolism | phase 2 metabolism
- en
- Sainmhíniú attachment of an ionised group to a xenobiotic to make it more water soluble and facilitate its excretion Tagairt "COM-Terminology Coordination, based on: University of Nottingham. 'Phase 2 Metabolism' (7.2.2023)"
- Nóta Conjugation reactions usually involve metabolite activation by a high–energy intermediate and have been classified into two general types: type I (e.g., glucuronidation and sulfonation), in which an activated conjugating agent combines with substrate to yield the conjugated product, and type II (e.g., amino acid conjugation), in which the substrate is activated and then combined with an amino acid to yield a conjugated product.
- INDUSTRY|chemistry
- imoibriú deascúcháin Tagairt Faomhadh an téarma seo mar chuid de Thionscadal Lex
- ga
- Fällungsreaktion
- de
- Sainmhíniú Umsetzung zwischen Fällungsmittel und gelöster Substanz, die beim Überschreiten des Löslichkeitsprodukts zur Bildung eines Niederschlags führt Tagairt Reallex Med
- precipitation reaction
- en
- Sainmhíniú a chemical reaction in which a dissolved substance is converted into an insoluble form Tagairt "Victoria Museum > Scientists & Discovery. Chemical Reactions Glossary. http://museumvictoria.com.au/scidiscovery/reactions/glossary.asp [16.3.2011]"
- réaction de précipitation
- fr
- Sainmhíniú réaction chimique entre deux ou plusieurs composés initialement en solution, dont le résultat est la formation d'une substance insoluble qui se sépare de la solution en formant un précipité (élément solide qui se dépose au fond du récipient) Tagairt Schayes,Guy,Docteur en sciences,et Ronneau,Claude,Docteur en chimie,Université catholique de Louvain
- INDUSTRY|chemistry
- imoibriú den bhréagchéad ord Tagairt Faomhadh an téarma seo mar chuid de Thionscadal Lex
- ga
- pseudo-first order reaction | reactions
- en
- Nóta "See IATE:3523313"
- INDUSTRY|chemistry
- cinéitic den chéad ord Tagairt Faomhadh an téarma seo mar chuid de Thionscadal Lex
- ga
- imoibriú den chéad ord Tagairt Faomhadh an téarma seo mar chuid de Thionscadal Lex
- ga
- first order reaction rate | catalyzed | first order kinetics
- en
- Sainmhíniú a reaction, the rate of which is directly proportional to the concentration of one of the reactants Tagairt "Davidson College. Chemistry Department. Chemistry Resources. Chemical Kinetics: Differential Rate Laws http://www.chm.davidson.edu/vce/kinetics/differentialratelaws.html [13.7.2010]"
- Nóta "See also: IATE:3523310 & IATE:3523313 See: Chemguide. Helping you to understand Chemistry http://www.chemguide.co.uk/ > ORDERS OF REACTION AND RATE EQUATIONS http://www.chemguide.co.uk/physical/basicrates/orders.html [2.7.2010]"
- cinétique de premier ordre
- fr
- Sainmhíniú cela signifie que la vitesse de dégradation (mg/l/jour) est proportionnelle à la concentration du substrat qui diminue au cours du temps Tagairt "Règlement (CE) no761/2009 de la Commission du 23 juillet 2009 modifiant, aux fins de son adaptation au progrès technique, le règlement (CE) no 440/2008 établissant des méthodes d'essai conformément au règlement (CE) no 1907/2006 du Parlement européen et du Conseil concernant l'enregistrement, l'évaluation et l'autorisation des substances chimiques, ainsi que les restrictions applicables à ces substances (REACH) , JO L 220 du 24 août 2009 , http://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=OJ:L:2009:220:0001:0094:FR:PDF"
- SCIENCE|natural and applied sciences|life sciences|biology · SCIENCE|natural and applied sciences|physical sciences|chemistry|biochemistry
- imoibriú eiseargónach Tagairt Faomhadh an téarma seo mar chuid de Thionscadal Lex
- ga
- imoibriú spontáineach Tagairt Faomhadh an téarma seo mar chuid de Thionscadal Lex
- ga
- exergonic reaction | spontaneous reaction
- en
- Sainmhíniú "chemical reaction where the change in the free energy is negative (there is a net release of free energy)" Tagairt "Wikipedia > Exergonic reaction (7.4.2021)"
- Nóta "Do not confuse with exothermic reaction."
- INDUSTRY|chemistry
- imoibriú eisiteirmeach Tagairt Faomhadh an téarma seo mar chuid de Thionscadal Lex
- ga
- Comhthéacs 'Scaoiltear le fuinneamh teasa ón aer comhbhrúite agus le fuinneamh poitéinsiúil ón meatán trí imoibriú eisiteirmeach sa chuasán.' Tagairt "'Tuiscint ar Ghiniúint an Leictreachais ag Stáisiúin Ath Fhada, An Geata Bán, Co. Chorcaí,' Bord Soláthair an Leictreachais, https://www.ista.ie/wp-content/uploads/2016/10/ESB.pdf [11.4.2019]"
- frithghníomhú eisiteirmeach Tagairt "Liosta Comhchoiteann Míleata an Aontais Eorpaigh"
- ga
- exotherme Reaktion
- de
- Sainmhíniú Reaktion, bei der Energie in Form von Wärme an die Umgebung abgegeben wird Tagairt "Chemie.de > Lexikon > Exotherme Reaktion (15.2.2024)"
- Nóta Eine typische exotherme Reaktion ist die Verbrennung fossiler oder nachwachsender Brennstoffe.
- exothermic reaction | exothermal reaction
- en
- Sainmhíniú chemical reaction which produces energy, normally given off in the form of heat Tagairt "Teacher Notes: Shooting – Exothermic reactions and the fire triangle (10.2.2020). The Royal Society of Chemistry."
- ENVIRONMENT
- imoibriú fótaiceimiceach Tagairt an Ghníomhaireacht Eorpach Comhshaoil (GEC)
- ga
- photochemical reaction
- en
- Sainmhíniú 1.Chemical reaction which is initiated by light of a specific wavelength. In an environmental context an example is the potential action of ultraviolet light on CFCs which may bring about the detrimental degradation of the ozone layer. Photochemical reactions initiate the process of photosynthesis in which plants convert carbon dioxide into sugars, which are incorporated into cell materials. Tagairt 1.GRAHAW;
- SCIENCE|natural and applied sciences|life sciences|biology · SOCIAL QUESTIONS|health|medical science
- imoibriú idir óstach agus pataigin Tagairt "Faofa ag an gCoiste Téarmaíochta, www.tearma.ie Faomhadh an téarma seo mar chuid de Thionscadal Lex"
- ga
- host-pathogen interaction
- en
- Sainmhíniú way in which pathogens sustain themselves within host organisms on a molecular, cellular, organismal or population level Tagairt "COM-EN, based on:Wikipedia > host-pathogen interaction (15.1.2024)"
- SOCIAL QUESTIONS|health|medical science · SOCIAL QUESTIONS|health|medical science|immunology
- freagairt imdhíonachta Tagairt "'Galar Tógálach a Bhainistiú i Scoileanna,' Feidhmeannacht na Seirbhíse Sláinte, http://www.hpsc.ie/a-z/lifestages/schoolhealth/File,14939,en.pdf [1.8.2018];Faomhadh an téarma seo mar chuid de Thionscadal Lex"
- ga
- imoibriú imdhíoneolaíoch Tagairt Faomhadh an téarma seo mar chuid de Thionscadal Lex
- ga
- Immunantwort | Immunreaktion | Immunmechanismus
- de
- Sainmhíniú Reaktion des Immunsystems auf fremde Zellen oder Substanzen wie Allergene, Bakterien, Parasiten, Pilze, Tumorzellen, Viren Tagairt "Biologie.Schule.de > Immunreaktion (Immunantwort), http://www.biologie-schule.de/immunreaktion.php (20.5.2016)"
- immune response | immune reaction | immune mechanism | immunological reaction
- en
- Sainmhíniú reaction of the body to an antigen, such as bacteria, virus, parasite, allergen, or tumour cell Tagairt "Queensland Institute of Medical Research > Glossary of research terms, http://www.qimr.edu.au/page/Our_Research/Glossary_of_research_terms/ [22.1.2014]"
- Nóta "The immune response can be divided into several phases – the ""innate"" first response, mediated by cells able to destroy and phagocytose (engulf) a large range of foreign organisms; the secondary, ""adaptive"" response, characterised by the generation of antibodies and T cells that are specific for the antigen; and a third, ""suppression"" phase, where the production of immune cells reverts to normal (homeostasis), and the information necessary to mount a future immune response to that antigen is retained in bone marrow memory cells"
- SOCIAL QUESTIONS|health|medical science
- imoibriú imdhíoneolaíoch ar an gcraiceann Tagairt Faomhadh an téarma seo mar chuid de Thionscadal Lex
- ga
- SCIENCE|natural and applied sciences|life sciences|biology · SCIENCE|natural and applied sciences|physical sciences|chemistry|biochemistry
- imoibriú ineargónach Tagairt Faomhadh an téarma seo mar chuid de Thionscadal Lex
- ga
- endergonic reaction
- en
- Sainmhíniú "chemical reaction in which the standard change in free energy is positive, and an additional driving force is needed to perform this reaction" Tagairt "Wikipedia > Endergonic reaction (8.4.2021)"
- Nóta In layman's terms, the total amount of useful energy is negative (it takes more energy to start the reaction than what is received out of it) so the total energy is a negative net result.