INDUSTRY|chemistry
- imoibriú a thiomáint Tagairt Faomhadh an téarma seo mar chuid de Thionscadal Lex
- ga
31 toradh
- SCIENCE|natural and applied sciences|life sciences
- imoibriú aibitheach trasfhoirmiúcháin Tagairt Faomhadh an téarma seo mar chuid de Thionscadal Lex
- ga
- abiotic transformation reaction | reactions
- en
- Sainmhíniú transformation processes which occur without the mediation of microorganisms, including hydrolysis, oxidation-reduction and photochemical reactions Tagairt "COM-EN, based on: Raymond Nen Yong. Geoenvironmental engineering: contaminated soils, pollutant fate and mitigation (1.12.2020)"
- AGRICULTURE, FORESTRY AND FISHERIES|agricultural activity|animal health
- imoibriú aigéad sáriadach Schiff Tagairt Faomhadh an téarma seo mar chuid de Thionscadal Lex
- ga
- imoibriú ASS Tagairt Faomhadh an téarma seo mar chuid de Thionscadal Lex
- ga
- SCIENCE|natural and applied sciences|life sciences|biology|genetics
- imoibriú aimpliúcháin einsíme eangúcháin Tagairt Faomhadh an téarma seo mar chuid de Thionscadal Lex
- ga
- NEAR Tagairt Faomhadh an téarma seo mar chuid de Thionscadal Lex
- ga
- nicking enzyme amplification reaction | NEAR
- en
- Sainmhíniú isothermal amplification method where a set of target-specific primers, a nicking endonuclease, and a strand displacing DNA polymerase are used for isothermal unwinding and subsequent generation and amplification of these small DNA or RNA fragments Tagairt "COM-PT based on: Dunbar, S., Das, S., 'Amplification chemistries in clinical virology' (1.9.2021), Journal of Clinical Virology, 019 Jun; 115: 18–31."
- SCIENCE|natural and applied sciences|life sciences
- imoibriú bitheach trasfhoirmiúcháin Tagairt Faomhadh an téarma seo mar chuid de Thionscadal Lex
- ga
- biotic transformation reaction
- en
- Sainmhíniú biologically mediated tranformation reactions, including associated chemical reactions arising from microbial activities Tagairt "Raymond Nen Yong. Geoenvironmental engineering: contaminated soils, pollutant fate and mitigation (1.12.2020)"
- Nóta They are the only types of transformation processes that can lead to mineralisation of the subject organic compound
- INDUSTRY|chemistry
- imoibriú catalaíoch Tagairt Faomhadh an téarma seo mar chuid de Thionscadal Lex
- ga
- catalytic action
- en
- Sainmhíniú chemical reaction between a catalyst and a reactant, forming chemical intermediates that are able to react more readily with each other or with another reactant, to form the desired end product Tagairt "COM-EN, based on: Brittannica Academic Edition > catalyst. http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/99128/catalyst [4.4.2013]"
- Nóta During the reaction between the chemical intermediates and the reactants, the catalyst is regenerated. The modes of reactions between the catalysts and the reactants vary widely and in solid catalysts are often complex. Typical of these reactions are acid–base reactions, oxidation–reduction reactions, formation of coordination complexes, and formation of free radicals. With solid catalysts the reaction mechanism is strongly influenced by surface properties and electronic or crystal structures. Certain solid catalysts, called polyfunctional catalysts, are capable of more than one mode of interaction with the reactants; bifunctional catalysts are used extensively for reforming reactions in the petroleum industry.
- SCIENCE|natural and applied sciences|life sciences|pharmacology
- imoibriú comhchuingiúcháin Tagairt Faomhadh an téarma seo mar chuid de Thionscadal Lex
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- conjugation | conjugation reaction | phase II reaction | phase II metabolism | phase 2 metabolism
- en
- Sainmhíniú attachment of an ionised group to a xenobiotic to make it more water soluble and facilitate its excretion Tagairt "COM-Terminology Coordination, based on: University of Nottingham. 'Phase 2 Metabolism' (7.2.2023)"
- Nóta Conjugation reactions usually involve metabolite activation by a high–energy intermediate and have been classified into two general types: type I (e.g., glucuronidation and sulfonation), in which an activated conjugating agent combines with substrate to yield the conjugated product, and type II (e.g., amino acid conjugation), in which the substrate is activated and then combined with an amino acid to yield a conjugated product.
- INDUSTRY|chemistry
- imoibriú deascúcháin Tagairt Faomhadh an téarma seo mar chuid de Thionscadal Lex
- ga
- Fällungsreaktion
- de
- Sainmhíniú Umsetzung zwischen Fällungsmittel und gelöster Substanz, die beim Überschreiten des Löslichkeitsprodukts zur Bildung eines Niederschlags führt Tagairt Reallex Med
- precipitation reaction
- en
- Sainmhíniú a chemical reaction in which a dissolved substance is converted into an insoluble form Tagairt "Victoria Museum > Scientists & Discovery. Chemical Reactions Glossary. http://museumvictoria.com.au/scidiscovery/reactions/glossary.asp [16.3.2011]"
- réaction de précipitation
- fr
- Sainmhíniú réaction chimique entre deux ou plusieurs composés initialement en solution, dont le résultat est la formation d'une substance insoluble qui se sépare de la solution en formant un précipité (élément solide qui se dépose au fond du récipient) Tagairt Schayes,Guy,Docteur en sciences,et Ronneau,Claude,Docteur en chimie,Université catholique de Louvain
- INDUSTRY|chemistry
- imoibriú den bhréagchéad ord Tagairt Faomhadh an téarma seo mar chuid de Thionscadal Lex
- ga
- pseudo-first order reaction | reactions
- en
- Nóta "See IATE:3523313"
- INDUSTRY|chemistry
- cinéitic den chéad ord Tagairt Faomhadh an téarma seo mar chuid de Thionscadal Lex
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- imoibriú den chéad ord Tagairt Faomhadh an téarma seo mar chuid de Thionscadal Lex
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- first order reaction rate | catalyzed | first order kinetics
- en
- Sainmhíniú a reaction, the rate of which is directly proportional to the concentration of one of the reactants Tagairt "Davidson College. Chemistry Department. Chemistry Resources. Chemical Kinetics: Differential Rate Laws http://www.chm.davidson.edu/vce/kinetics/differentialratelaws.html [13.7.2010]"
- Nóta "See also: IATE:3523310 & IATE:3523313 See: Chemguide. Helping you to understand Chemistry http://www.chemguide.co.uk/ > ORDERS OF REACTION AND RATE EQUATIONS http://www.chemguide.co.uk/physical/basicrates/orders.html [2.7.2010]"
- cinétique de premier ordre
- fr
- Sainmhíniú cela signifie que la vitesse de dégradation (mg/l/jour) est proportionnelle à la concentration du substrat qui diminue au cours du temps Tagairt "Règlement (CE) no761/2009 de la Commission du 23 juillet 2009 modifiant, aux fins de son adaptation au progrès technique, le règlement (CE) no 440/2008 établissant des méthodes d'essai conformément au règlement (CE) no 1907/2006 du Parlement européen et du Conseil concernant l'enregistrement, l'évaluation et l'autorisation des substances chimiques, ainsi que les restrictions applicables à ces substances (REACH) , JO L 220 du 24 août 2009 , http://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=OJ:L:2009:220:0001:0094:FR:PDF"
- SCIENCE|natural and applied sciences|life sciences|biology · SCIENCE|natural and applied sciences|physical sciences|chemistry|biochemistry
- imoibriú eiseargónach Tagairt Faomhadh an téarma seo mar chuid de Thionscadal Lex
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- imoibriú spontáineach Tagairt Faomhadh an téarma seo mar chuid de Thionscadal Lex
- ga
- exergonic reaction | spontaneous reaction
- en
- Sainmhíniú "chemical reaction where the change in the free energy is negative (there is a net release of free energy)" Tagairt "Wikipedia > Exergonic reaction (7.4.2021)"
- Nóta "Do not confuse with exothermic reaction."
- INDUSTRY|chemistry
- imoibriú eisiteirmeach Tagairt Faomhadh an téarma seo mar chuid de Thionscadal Lex
- ga
- Comhthéacs 'Scaoiltear le fuinneamh teasa ón aer comhbhrúite agus le fuinneamh poitéinsiúil ón meatán trí imoibriú eisiteirmeach sa chuasán.' Tagairt "'Tuiscint ar Ghiniúint an Leictreachais ag Stáisiúin Ath Fhada, An Geata Bán, Co. Chorcaí,' Bord Soláthair an Leictreachais, https://www.ista.ie/wp-content/uploads/2016/10/ESB.pdf [11.4.2019]"
- exotherme Reaktion
- de
- Sainmhíniú Reaktion, bei der Energie in Form von Wärme an die Umgebung abgegeben wird Tagairt "Chemie.de > Lexikon > Exotherme Reaktion (15.2.2024)"
- Nóta Eine typische exotherme Reaktion ist die Verbrennung fossiler oder nachwachsender Brennstoffe.
- exothermic reaction | exothermal reaction
- en
- Sainmhíniú chemical reaction which produces energy, normally given off in the form of heat Tagairt "Teacher Notes: Shooting – Exothermic reactions and the fire triangle (10.2.2020). The Royal Society of Chemistry."
- SOCIAL QUESTIONS|health|medical science · SOCIAL QUESTIONS|health|medical science|immunology
- freagairt imdhíonachta Tagairt "'Galar Tógálach a Bhainistiú i Scoileanna,' Feidhmeannacht na Seirbhíse Sláinte, http://www.hpsc.ie/a-z/lifestages/schoolhealth/File,14939,en.pdf [1.8.2018];Faomhadh an téarma seo mar chuid de Thionscadal Lex"
- ga
- imoibriú imdhíoneolaíoch Tagairt Faomhadh an téarma seo mar chuid de Thionscadal Lex
- ga
- Immunantwort | Immunreaktion | Immunmechanismus
- de
- Sainmhíniú Reaktion des Immunsystems auf fremde Zellen oder Substanzen wie Allergene, Bakterien, Parasiten, Pilze, Tumorzellen, Viren Tagairt "Biologie.Schule.de > Immunreaktion (Immunantwort), http://www.biologie-schule.de/immunreaktion.php (20.5.2016)"
- immune response | immune reaction | immune mechanism | immunological reaction
- en
- Sainmhíniú reaction of the body to an antigen, such as bacteria, virus, parasite, allergen, or tumour cell Tagairt "Queensland Institute of Medical Research > Glossary of research terms, http://www.qimr.edu.au/page/Our_Research/Glossary_of_research_terms/ [22.1.2014]"
- Nóta "The immune response can be divided into several phases – the ""innate"" first response, mediated by cells able to destroy and phagocytose (engulf) a large range of foreign organisms; the secondary, ""adaptive"" response, characterised by the generation of antibodies and T cells that are specific for the antigen; and a third, ""suppression"" phase, where the production of immune cells reverts to normal (homeostasis), and the information necessary to mount a future immune response to that antigen is retained in bone marrow memory cells"
- SOCIAL QUESTIONS|health|medical science
- imoibriú imdhíoneolaíoch ar an gcraiceann Tagairt Faomhadh an téarma seo mar chuid de Thionscadal Lex
- ga
- SCIENCE|natural and applied sciences|life sciences|biology · SCIENCE|natural and applied sciences|physical sciences|chemistry|biochemistry
- imoibriú ineargónach Tagairt Faomhadh an téarma seo mar chuid de Thionscadal Lex
- ga
- endergonic reaction
- en
- Sainmhíniú "chemical reaction in which the standard change in free energy is positive, and an additional driving force is needed to perform this reaction" Tagairt "Wikipedia > Endergonic reaction (8.4.2021)"
- Nóta In layman's terms, the total amount of useful energy is negative (it takes more energy to start the reaction than what is received out of it) so the total energy is a negative net result.
- INDUSTRY|chemistry
- imoibriú ocsaídiúcháin agus dí-ocsaídiúcháin Tagairt Faomhadh an téarma seo mar chuid de Thionscadal Lex
- ga
- imoibriú ocsdí Tagairt Faomhadh an téarma seo mar chuid de Thionscadal Lex
- ga
- Redoxreaktion | Redoxvorgänge | Redox | Reduktions-Oxydations
- de
- Sainmhíniú die dem Redoxsystem zugrundeliegende, vom Redoxpotential bestimmte Reaktion von Reduktions-und Oxidationsmitteln Tagairt Reallex Med
- redox reaction | oxidation-reduction reaction | reduction-oxidation | Redox
- en
- Sainmhíniú reaction that involves the transfer of one or more electrons Tagairt "Purdue University. College of ScienceChemical Education Division Groups http://chemed.chem.purdue.edu/ > General Chemistry Help > Topic Review > Oxidation-Reduction Reactions http://chemed.chem.purdue.edu/genchem/topicreview/bp/ch19/oxred_1.php [10.1.2012]"
- Nóta "It used to be defined in terms of hydrogen transfer and it can also be defined in terms of oxygen transfer For more information, see: - Chemguide. Definitions of Oxidation and Reduction (Redox) http://www.chemguide.co.uk/inorganic/redox/definitions.html [10.1.2012] - Virginia Tech College of Science - Department of Chemistry. Oxidation Numbers & Redox Reactions http://www.files.chem.vt.edu/RVGS/ACT/notes/oxidation_numbers.html [10.1.2012]"
- réaction d'oxydoréduction | réaction redox | réaction d'oxydo-réduction
- fr
- Sainmhíniú Les réactions d'oxydoréduction donnent lieu à du courant électrique dans un accumulateur ou une batterie.Elles sont également utilisées dans des systèmes de stockage photochimique. Tagairt Duval;D'après Römpp-Chemie + Silverman,Energy Storage,p.139
- AGRICULTURE, FORESTRY AND FISHERIES · INDUSTRY|chemistry
- imoibriú ola d'iarmhar ológ Tagairt Faomhadh an téarma seo mar chuid de Thionscadal Lex
- ga
- SOCIAL QUESTIONS|health|medical science
- imoibriú séireolaíoch Tagairt Faomhadh an téarma seo mar chuid de Thionscadal Lex
- ga
- ENERGY|electrical and nuclear industries|nuclear industry
- imoibriú slabhrúil Tagairt Faomhadh an téarma seo mar chuid de Thionscadal Lex
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- imoibriú slabhrúil núicléach Tagairt Faomhadh an téarma seo mar chuid de Thionscadal Lex
- ga
- Kernkettenreaktion | nukleare Kettenreaktion | Kettenreaktion
- de
- Sainmhíniú Folge von Kernreaktionen, deren jede von den Produkten vorhergehender Kernreaktionen ausgelöst wird Tagairt DIN Normenheft 5-Kerntechnik
- nuclear chain reaction | chain reaction
- en
- Sainmhíniú "series of nuclear reactions in which neutrons [ IATE:1368252 ] released in fission [ IATE:1368311 ] produce an additional fission in at least one further nucleus" Tagairt "COM-Terminology Coordination, based on:Nuclear Chain Reactions. AtomicArchive.com, http://www.atomicarchive.com/Fission/Fission2.shtml [4.10.2018]"
- réaction nucléaire en chaîne | réaction en chaîne | nucléaire
- fr
- Sainmhíniú série de réactions nucléaires dans lesquelles l'un des agents nécessaires à la série est lui-même produit par les réactions semblables; selon que le nombre des réactions ainsi provoquées directement par une réaction est en moyenne inférieur, égal ou supérieur à l'unité, la réaction est convergente (sous critique),auto-entretenue (critique) ou divergente (sur-critique) Tagairt VEI 26-10-135
- Nóta Il s'agit d'une suite de fissions nucléaires au cours desquelles les neutrons libérés provoquent de nouvelles fissions, à leur tour génératrices de nouveaux neutrons provoquant de nouvelles fissions et ainsi de suite. Dans un réacteur nucléaire, la réaction en chaîne est maîtrisée par des barres de contrôle qui absorbent les neutrons supplémentaires. Ce système permet de maintenir un taux de fission constant.
- EDUCATION AND COMMUNICATIONS|information technology and data processing · EDUCATION AND COMMUNICATIONS|information technology and data processing|data processing · AGRICULTURE, FORESTRY AND FISHERIES · INDUSTRY|industrial structures and policy|industrial structures
- imoibriú slabhrúil Tagairt Faomhadh an téarma seo mar chuid de Thionscadal Lex
- ga
- chain reaction
- en
- Sainmhíniú the initiation of multiple levels of address modification with few instructions Tagairt Sippl,MacMillan Dict of Data Communications